English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
08
District
Newcastle
Easting
425480
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MATERIAL
Brick
MONTH1
9
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
568010
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
South Gosforth
Description
A Smithy appears at this location on the 2nd edition Ordnance Survey plan but is not shown on the 1st edition plan, indicating that it was built after 1858. The building was latterly in use by Fordec Limited.
SITEASS
The smithy or forge was the workplace of a blacksmith or ironsmith, where iron was worked into useful objects such as weapons, armour in the Middle Ages and locks, hinges, spades and tools, iron horseshoes (machine-made horseshoes were introduced from USA in 1870s), grilles, gates, railings, metal parts for locomotives, coaches, waggons and carts. The blacksmith's raw material was wrought iron in bar form. The smithy comprised a hearth, bellows, anvil and bosh (quenching trough). A small forge had hand-operated bellows, a large industrial forge water-powered bellows, power hammer and shears (William Jones, 1996, Dictionary of Industrial Archaeology).
Site Type: Broad
Metal Industry Site
SITEDESC
A Smithy which is not shown on the 1st edition OS mapping, so was probably built after 1858. Survives and used by Fordec Limited.
Site Name
South Gosforth, Smithy
Site Type: Specific
Blacksmiths Workshop
HER Number
4255
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
<< HER 4255 >> 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map, 1899, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 88, SE
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
08
District
Newcastle
Easting
421180
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NW
MONTH1
9
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
566850
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Blakelaw
Description
Blakelaw Quarry, with a smithy appears on the 2nd edition Ordnance Survey plan of the area but is not shown on the 1st edition plan, indicating that it opened after 1858.
Site Type: Broad
Mineral Extraction Site
SITEDESC
Blakelaw Quarry, with a smithy. Not shown on the 1st edition OS mapping, so opened after 1858.
Site Name
Blakelaw, Quarry
Site Type: Specific
Quarry
HER Number
4254
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4254 >> 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map, 1898, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 88, SW
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
08
District
Newcastle
Easting
421100
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NW
MONTH1
9
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
566960
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Blakelaw
Description
The shaft is not shown on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan and is marked as ‘Old’ on the 2nd edition plan, indicating that it was in use between 1858 and 1895.
Site Type: Broad
Mining Industry Site
SITEDESC
A Shaft, not shown on the 1st edition OS mapping and marked as Old on the 2nd edition, so in use between 1858 and 1895.
Site Name
Blakelaw, Shaft
Site Type: Specific
Mine Shaft
HER Number
4253
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4253 >> 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map, 1898, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 88, SW
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
6959
DAY1
08
DAY2
22
District
Newcastle
Easting
421890
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NW
MONTH1
9
MONTH2
4
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
567420
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Kenton
Description
Kitty's Drift, an underground railway was apparently built from East Kenton Colliery to staiths on the Tyne in 1770. A subterranean tunnel and the colliery ("Kenton E.t") is shown on Lambert's map of 1807. The colliery is shown as a "pit heap" on a plan of East Kenton Estate of 1841 and "pit" on Bell's map of 1847. On Oliver's map of 1851 it is shown linked to Old Engine Pit by a road or wagonway. On the 25" first edition a shaft is marked. Shown as Old mine shaft and spoil heap on Ordnance Survey second edition. Still shown as an old shaft on the Ordnance Survey of 1941.
Site Type: Broad
Coal Mining Site
SITEDESC
Kitty's Drift, an underground railway was apparently built from East Kenton Colliery to staiths on the Tyne in 1770. A subterranean tunnel and the colliery ("Kenton E.t") is shown on Lambert's map of 1807. The colliery is shown as a "pit heap" on a plan of East Kenton Estate of 1841 and "pit" on Bell's map of 1847. On Oliver's map of 1851 it is shown linked to Old Engine Pit by a road or wagonway. On the 25" first edition a shaft is marked. Shown as Old mine shaft and spoil heap on Ordnance Survey second edition. Still shown as an old shaft on the Ordnance Survey of 1941.
Site Name
East Kenton Colliery
Site Type: Specific
Colliery
HER Number
4252
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4252 >> 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map, 1898, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 88, SW; Lambert, 1807, Plan of the Rivers Tyne and Wear.. Also a plan of Newcastle; R. Welford, 1879, A History of the Parish of Gosforth, p. 84
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2005
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
08
District
Newcastle
Easting
421990
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NW
MONTH1
9
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
567550
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Kenton
Description
This Quarry is marked as ‘Old’ on the 2nd edition Ordnance Survey plan of the area, indicating that it was probably out of use by 1895.
Site Type: Broad
Mineral Extraction Site
SITEDESC
A Quarry, marked as Old on the 2nd edition OS mapping, so was out of use by 1895.
Site Name
Kenton, Quarry
Site Type: Specific
Quarry
HER Number
4251
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4251 >> 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map, 1898, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 88, SW
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
08
DAY2
08
District
Newcastle
Easting
422130
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NW
MONTH1
9
MONTH2
1
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
567640
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Kenton
Description
Kenton Quarry. Described by Welford in 1879 as 'a valuable quarry of Grindstone post'. Stone from Kenton was used to build St. Thomas' Church, the town hall, the chapels and walls at Jesmond Cemetery and other public buildings in Newcastle. Millstones or grindstones were exported from the Tyne for centuries, with Kenton one of the main suppliers. Kenton Quarry is described on old maps as a Freestone Quarry (freestone is a fine grained sandstone that cuts easily). Before 1920 the quarry expanded eastwards changing the route of Engine Lane (now Creighton Avenue) into a sharp curve.
Site Type: Broad
Mineral Extraction Site
SITEDESC
Kenton Quarry. Described by Welford in 1879 as 'a valuable quarry of Grindstone post'. Stone from Kenton was used to build St. Thomas' Church, the town hall, the chapels and walls at Jesmond Cemetery and other public buildings in Newcastle. Millstones or grindstones were exported from the Tyne for centuries, with Kenton one of the main suppliers. Kenton Quarry is described on old maps as a Freestone Quarry (freestone is a fine grained sandstone that cuts easily). Before 1920 the quarry expanded eastwards changing the route of Engine Lane (now Creighton Avenue) into a sharp curve.
Site Name
Kenton Quarry
Site Type: Specific
Quarry
HER Number
4250
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4250 >> 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map, 1898, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 88, SW; R. Welford, 1879, A History of the Parish of Gosforth; Liz Palmer, 1993, Bygone Kenton, photos 10 and 11
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2014
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
08
District
Newcastle
Easting
420730
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NW
MONTH1
9
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
568690
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Kenton
Description
This Quarry is marked as ‘Old’ on the 2nd edition Ordnance Survey plan of the area, indicating that it was probably out of use by 1895.
Site Type: Broad
Mineral Extraction Site
SITEDESC
A Quarry, marked as Old on the 2nd edition OS mapping, so was out of use by 1895.
Site Name
Kenton, Quarry
Site Type: Specific
Quarry
HER Number
4249
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4249 >> 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map, 1898, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 88, SW
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
1589
DAY1
08
DAY2
19
District
Newcastle
Easting
418590
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ16NE
MONTH1
9
MONTH2
4
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
567620
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Westerhope
Description
This area was one of significant 18th century coal extraction. As a result, this portion of what was once the Whorlton Estate is littered with old shafts and crossed by wagonways. However, there has also been other industrial activity - the quarrying of the Whinstone Outcrop or Dyke being the most noticeable. The geological formations in this area have allowed easy access to the coal measures. However, an intrusion of whinstone interupts this. The existence of such an outcrop usually makes the coal measures immediately surrounding the intrusion difficult to mine because the heat from the rock formation renders the coal measures into coke. So the industrial activity in this area was quarrying of whinstone rather then mining of coal. Quarrying was underway by 1847 when the outcrop was called the Coally Hill Dyke. The name is reflected in modern names of Coley Hill Farm and Whindykes. By 1858 a small structure, possibly a pump house to help the draining of the quarry had been built at the end of the footpath across Colt Holes (HER ref. 1589). This quarrying enterprise was only a 19th century phenomenon, limited in its lifespan by the relatively small nature of the whinstone outcrop. The quarry was filled-in during the late 20thcentury.
SITEASS
The quarry has recently been filled in.
Site Type: Broad
Mineral Extraction Site
SITEDESC
A Quarry, marked as Old on the 2nd edition OS mapping, so was out of use by 1895 {1}. This area was one of significant 18th century coal extraction. As a result this portion of what was once the Whorlton Estate is littered with old shafts and crossed by wagonways. However, there has also been other industrial activity - the quarrying of the Whinstone Outcrop or Dyke being the most noticeable. The geological formations in this area have allowed easy access to the coal measures. However, an intrusion of whinstone interrupts this. The existence of such an outcrop usually makes the coal measures immediately surrounding the intrusion difficult to mine because the heat from the rock formation renders the coal measures into coke. So the industrial activity in this area was quarrying of whinstone rather then mining of coal. Quarrying was underway by 1847. The outcrop was called the Coally Hill Dyke. The name is reflected in modern names of Coley Hill Farm and Whindykes. By 1858 a small structure had been built at the end of the footpath across Colt Holes, (SMR 1589). This was possibly a pump house to help the draining of the quarry. The enterprise was only a 19th century phenomenon, limited in its lifespan by the relatively small nature of the whinstone outcrop {1}. Shown on tithe map of 1847 as Whinstone Quarry.
Site Name
Whindykes Quarry
Site Type: Specific
Quarry
HER Number
4248
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4248 >> 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map, 1898, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 88, SW
I. Ayris, 1986, Stamfordham Road/Whindykes Area, Industrial Archaeological Assessment; Whorlton Tithe Map 1847 (Woodhorn NRO DT 509 M)
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2001
English, British
Class
Water Supply and Drainage
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
08
District
Newcastle
Easting
420160
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NW
MONTH1
9
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
567690
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Kenton
Description
A Pumping Engine appears at this location on the 2nd edition Ordnance Survey plan but is not shown on the 1st edition plan, indicating that it was built after 1858.
Site Type: Broad
Water Supply Site
SITEDESC
A Pumping Engine. This is not shown on the 1st edition OS mapping, so built after 1858.
Site Name
Kenton, Pumping Machine
Site Type: Specific
Pumping Station
HER Number
4247
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4247 >> 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map, 1898, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 88, SW
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Recreational
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
4022
DAY1
07
DAY2
25
District
Newcastle
Easting
424980
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ27SW
MAP2
NZ27SE
MONTH1
9
MONTH2
2
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
570750
NORTHING2
0
parish
North Gosforth
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
North Gosforth
Description
Charles Perkins and Fife John Scott promoted horse racing on the Town Moor. In 1880 they bought the 807 acre High Gosforth Park estate from Thomas Eustace Smith and then sold it to the High Gosforth Park Company, set up to create a new racecourse and pleasure park. The racecourse on the Town Moor was largely unenclosed, allowing free access to races for the general public. By the end of the 19th century, changes were taking place in racing, with fully enclosed racecourses being built, where all race goers paid an entrance fee which could be fed back into the sport for prize money. A grandstand was built onto the south side of Gosforth House. It was built by John Waddell & Sons of Edinburgh. Originally the grandstand extended eastwards beyond the house, but now only the western section survives. A smaller detached stand had been designed by William Parnell for the Town Moor racecourse in 1867 but was re-erected at the rear of Gosforth House's west wing. It remained in use until the Second World War. In March 1881 the High Gosforth Park Company opened the site for coursing (the pursuit of hares by greyhounds) within an enclosed 52 acre ground. Thirty kennels were built and 200 hares brought in. Greyhound coursing ceased in 1890. The opening horse race was held on 10 April 1882. A cycle track was laid in 1882. Visitors could skate and boat on the lake. From around 1885 to the 1920s trotting races were staged on a track in front of the main stand. A fire in 1915 damaged the stand and a new brick based stand was built around 1921 east of the house. There was another fire in 1962. Two new stands were opened in April 1965 on either side of the surviving section of the main stand. The racecourse has courses for flat racing and hurdles. The combination of a grade 2* listed country house and a grade 2 listed grandstand is almost certainly unique in British horse racing. In 1994 the estate was bought by Northern Racing. Corporate and exhibition facilities have been improved at a cost of £11 million. There are now some 30 race meetings a year. The highlight is a three day festival in late June, known as Race Week, when the Town Moor Hoppings take place and the Northumberland Plate or Pitmen's Derby (first held on the Town Moor in 1833) is staged. This is a flat race on a two mile circuit, for horses three years old and over. The winning owner receives a silver salver embossed with the Duke of Northumberland's Percy lion emblem. Ladies Day is held in July.
Site Type: Broad
Racing Sports Site
SITEDESC
Charles Perkins and Fife John Scott promoted horse racing on the Town Moor. In 1880 they bought the 807 acre High Gosforth Park estate from Thomas Eustace Smith and then sold it to the High Gosforth Park Company, set up to create a new racecourse and pleasure park. The racecourse on the Town Moor was largely unenclosed, allowing free access to races for the general public. By the end of the 19th century, changes were taking place in racing, with fully enclosed racecourses being built, where all race goers paid an entrance fee which could be fed back into the sport for prize money. A grandstand was built onto the south side of Gosforth House. It was built by John Waddell & Sons of Edinburgh. Originally the grandstand extended eastwards beyond the house, but now only the western section survives. A smaller detached stand had been designed by William Parnell for the Town Moor racecourse in 1867 but was re-erected at the rear of Gosforth House's west wing. It remained in use until the Second World War. In March 1881 the High Gosforth Park Company opened the site for coursing (the pursuit of hares by greyhounds) within an enclosed 52 acre ground. Thirty kennels were built and 200 hares brought in. Greyhound coursing ceased in 1890. The opening horse race was held on 10 April 1882. A cycle track was laid in 1882. Visitors could skate and boat on the lake. From around 1885 to the 1920s trotting races were staged on a track in front of the main stand. A fire in 1915 damaged the stand and a new brick based stand was built around 1921 east of the house. There was another fire in 1962. Two new stands were opened in April 1965 on either side of the surviving section of the main stand. The racecourse has courses for flat racing and hurdles. The combination of a grade 2* listed country house and a grade 2 listed grandstand is almost certainly unique in British horse racing. In 1994 the estate was bought by Northern Racing. Corporate and exhibition facilities have been improved at a cost of £11 million. There are now some 30 race meetings a year. The highlight is a three day festival in late June, known as Race Week, when the Town Moor Hoppings take place and the Northumberland Plate or Pitmen's Derby (first held on the Town Moor in 1833) is staged. This is a flat race on a two mile circuit, for horses three years old and over. The winning owner receives a silver salver embossed with the Duke of Northumberland's Percy lion emblem. Ladies Day is held in July.
Site Name
High Gosforth Park Racecourse
Site Type: Specific
Racecourse
HER Number
4246
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 4246 >> 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map, 1898, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 88, NE;
J. Ross 1995, A Day at the Races Kenton Local History Society, Bulletin No. 7, p 5-15; Archaeological Services Durham University, 2013, Newcastle Race Course at High Gosforth Park, North Gosforth, Tyne and Wear - archaeological desk based assessment; Pearson, Lynn, 2010, Played in Tyne and Wear - Charting the heritage of people at play, pp 50-57
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2003