English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
05
District
Newcastle
Easting
427700
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
9
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563590
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Byker
Description
Dents Hole Quarry is marked as ‘Old’ on the 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map, indicating that it was probably out of use by 1895.
Site Type: Broad
Mineral Extraction Site
SITEDESC
Dents Hole Quarry. Marked as Old on the 2nd edition OS mapping, so was out of use by 1895.
Site Name
Dents Hole Quarry
Site Type: Specific
Quarry
HER Number
4175
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4175 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 97
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Maritime
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
4342
DAY1
05
DAY2
10
District
Newcastle
Easting
427520
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
9
MONTH2
5
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563530
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Byker
Description
There was an operational shipyard at St. Peter’s by the 1750s, owned and run by William Rowe. In 1804, 61 shipwrights (including 34 apprentices) worked at the yard and in that year, the largest graving dock on the Tyne was constructed there, capable of holding vessels with a draught of 12 feet. During the Napoleonic Wars, 12 vessels were constructed at the yard for the Admiralty. In 1810, the St. Peter’s yard was sold to the Smiths. It became the largest yard on the river over the first half of the century. In 1851, the Smiths installed two large covered building berths, the first such structures on the Tyne. They were designed, and their fabrication at the yard supervised, by the Glasgow engineering firm Bell and Miller. In one of the berths was constructed the largest wooden vessel ever produced on the river, the 2,500 ton, 245 feet long warship Carlo Alberta. The 1st edition Ordnance Survey map shows Smith’s yard subsequent to the construction of the two building berths. The map also shows the large graving dock to the west of the covered berths, presumably the dock constructed in 1804. Rail lines link the covered berths, the dock and buildings beyond. The yard appears to be interrupted some way to the west of the dock by a chemical works, beyond which is a range of building slips, presumably within the same yard. By the 1860s, the St. Peter’s Yard was less significant to the company and in 1871was sold to R & W Hawthorn, who developed the site as a marine engineering works under the management of Francis Carr Marshall. Fitting out the yard cost Hawthorn’s £27,146. This included the cost of a massive pair of shearlegs set up on the fitting out quay, where engines were installed. In 1886, R&W Hawthorn, Leslie and Co. was formed as a limited liability company. On the 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map the graving dock and the covered berths had been replaced by substantial structures which take up the middle portion of the yard. Cranes lie along the western half of the rationalised quayside. The rectilinear area on the western edge of the yard contains building slips, one angled obliquely to launch downriver. The 3rd edition Ordnance Survey map of 1921shows the yard expanded to the north-west, with no remaining evidence for slipways in the old western area of the yard along the riverside. By 1907, Hawthorn’s St. Peter’s Works had radically converted its production capabilities to meet Royal Navy requirements for steam turbines. In 1977, the (now styled) Hawthorn, Leslie (Engineers) Ltd. became a member of British Shipbuilders. Later, the yard merged with George Clark & NEM Ltd to form Clark Hawthorn Ltd. The yard continued to build engines up until the 1980s when it was reformed as Clark Kincaid, a crane manufactory. The yard has been demolished and the site now lies within the St Peter’s Basin residential development which includes a substantial marina.
SITEASS
The yard has been demolished and the site now lies within the St Peter’s Basin residential development which includes a substantial marina. There is little evidence for the previous use of the site.
Site Type: Broad
Dock and Harbour Installation
SITEDESC
St Peter's Dock. The site is occupied by St Peter's Works on the 2nd edition OS mapping, so the dock was probably out of use by 1895 {2}. There was an operational shipyard at St. Peter’s by the 1750s, owned and run by William Rowe. In 1804, 61 shipwrights (including 34 apprentices) worked at the yard (Clarke 1997, 29 vol. 1). In the same year, the largest graving dock on the Tyne was constructed at the yard, capable of holding vessels with a draught of 12 feet. During the Napoleonic Wars, 12 vessels were constructed at the yard for the Admiralty.
In 1810, the St. Peter’s yard was sold to the Smiths. It became the largest yard on the river over the first half of the century. In 1851, the Smiths installed two large covered building berths (Clarke 1997, 116 vol. 1), the first such structures on the Tyne. They were designed, and their fabrication at the yard supervised, by the Glasgow engineering firm Bell and Miller. In one of the berths was constructed the largest wooden vessel ever produced on the river, the warship Carlo Alberta. This was a three deck, 50 gun vessel for the Sardinian Government. It was 245 feet long and had a displacement of 2,500 tons.
By the 1850s, the Smiths began to develop their North Shields yard on the Limekiln Shore as their chief ship construction centre, and by the 1860s, the St. Peter’s Yard was less significant to the company. In 1871, the yard was sold to R & W Hawthorn (who had founded an engineering company at Forth Banks in Gateshead in 1817) and the site was developed as a marine engineering works, under the management of Francis Carr Marshall. Fitting out the yard cost Hawthorn’s £27,146. This included the cost of a massive pair of shearlegs set up on the fitting out quay, where engines were installed. Many very large triple-expansion engines were built at the yard, many of which were installed in vessels constructed at Charles Mitchell’s Low Walker Yard
In 1886, R&W Hawthorn, Leslie and Co. was formed as a limited liability company as a result of the retirement of Andrew Leslie from his Hebburn shipbuilding yard who had previously been a major client for engines from the St. Peter’s Yard (Leslie had ordered 33 out of a total of 78 engines to power his ships from Hawthorns between 1860 and 1870).
St. Peter’s Engine Works and Palmer’s Works shared the honours for construction and installation of the last triple expansion engines into Royal Navy vessels. Hawthorn’s vessel was the Beardmore constructed HMS Agamemnon. By 1907, Hawthorn’s St. Peter’s Works had radically converted its production capabilities to meet Royal Navy requirements for steam turbines (Clarke 1997, 37, vol 2). In that year, the yard built and installed the turbines for HMS Ghurka. Over the rest of the century, the works production included Doxford, Sulzer and Werkspoor diesel engines.
In 1977, the (now styled) Hawthorn, Leslie (Engineers) Ltd. became a member company of British Shipbuilders. Later, the yard merged with George Clark & NEM Ltd to form Clark Hawthorn Ltd. The yard continued to build engines up until the 1980s when it was reformed as Clark Kincaid, a crane manufactory.
Map Evidence
First Edition Twenty Five Inches to One Mile Ordnance Survey 1855, Sheet XCVII, 8
Shows Smiths yard subsequent to the construction of the two building berths in 1851. The map also shows the large graving dock to the west of the covered berths, presumably the dock constructed in 1804. Rail lines link the covered berths, the dock and buildings beyond. The yard appears to be interrupted some way to the west of the dock by a chemical works, beyond which is a range of building slips, presumably within the same yard. Rose House–the property and dwelling of the previous owners of the yard, the Row or Rowe family (it is annotated as Rowe’s House on later editions of the Ordnance Survey), lies immediately to the north-west of the yard.
Second Edition Twenty Five Inches to One Mile Ordnance Survey 1897, Sheets 13 and 19.
The site is described as ‘St Peter’s Works Engineering and Shipbuilding’. The graving dock and the covered berths have now gone, replaced by substantial structures which take up the middle portion of the yard. Cranes lie along the western half of the rationalised quayside Rowe’s House survives to the north-west of the yard. The rectilinear area on the western edge of the yard contains building slips, one angled obliquely to launch downriver.
Third Edition Twenty Five Inches to One Mile Ordnance Survey 1921, Sheet XCV, 13
The yard has expanded to the north-west and significant new buildings have been constructed in this area. Rowe’s House has gone as has any evidence for slipways in the old western area of the yard along the riverside.
Fourth Edition Six Inches to One Mile Ordnance Survey 1938, Sheet XCV, SW
Very similar appearance to that shown on the Third Edition Survey {3}.
Site Name
St Peter's Shipbuilding Yard and Engine Works
Site Type: Specific
Dock
HER Number
4174
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4174 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 97
The Archaeological Practice, 2002, Shipbuilding on Tyne and Wear - Prehistory to Present. Tyne & Wear Historic Environment Record.
J.F. Clarke, 1979, Power on Land and Sea - A History of R & W Hawthorn Leslie and Co Ltd
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2002
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Claire MacRae
DAY1
05
DAY2
19
District
Newcastle
Easting
427150
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
9
MONTH2
2
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563510
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Byker
Description
St. Peter's bottle works was erected c.1815 by William Row Junior in partnership with his father. During the 1820s ownership may have continued under William Row Snr. or may have been leased to Richard Lambert who appears in directories of 1825 and 1827. In 1830 the glass works passed into the hand of Thomas Ridley whose brother John owned the North Tyne Glass Company also at St. Peters. The Ridley brothers owned both of the bottle works at St.Peters until 1843 when one (possibly this one, the older one) was advertised for sale. In 1845 St Peter's Glass Houses were owned by Robert Gothard's executors and occupied by Ridley Brothers. The works closed c.1861. By the 1890s the works had been demolished and replaced by a Chemical Manure Works.
Site Type: Broad
Glassmaking Site
SITEDESC
Byker bottle works was erected c.1815 by William Row Junior in partnership with his father (William Row) who already had considerable experience of the trade during the 18th century as a customer and shipper of Hartley bottles. During the 1820s ownership may have continued under William Row Snr. or may have been leased to Richard Lambert who appears in directories of 1825 and 1827. In 1830 the glass works passed into the hand of Thomas Ridley whose brother John owned the North Tyne Glass Company also at St. Peters (HER 16827). The Ridley brothers owned both of the bottle works at St.Peters until 1843 when one (possibly this one, the older one) was advertised for sale. On the tithe plan (1845) St Peter's Glass Houses are owned by Robert Gothard's executors and occupied by Ridley Brothers. The works closed c.1861 after having been briefly taken over by a Glasgow bottle manufacturer, Alexander Mein of the Clyde Bottle Company. By the 1890s the works had been demolished and replaced by a Chemical Manure Works (HER 10401).
Site Name
Byker Bottle Works
Site Type: Specific
Bottle Works
HER Number
4173
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4173 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 97; The Archaeological Practice Ltd., 2015, Anglo-Swedish Engineering Ltd. Glasshouse Street, Byker - Archaeological Assessment; Byker Tithe Plan, 1845, NRO DT81M
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2015
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
05
DAY2
25
District
Newcastle
Easting
427070
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
9
MONTH2
2
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563630
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Byker
Description
St Peter's Pottery was built in 1817 by Thomas Bell and Thomas Fell trading as Thomas Fell and Company. The company produced white, sponged, printed and enamelled wares. In 1869 Fell and Company became a limited liability company, subsequently specialising mainly in white and coloured domestic earthenware and a small amount of lustreware. The last known reference to the firm was in 1891.
Site Type: Broad
Pottery Manufacturing Site
SITEDESC
St Peter's Pottery was built in 1817 by Thomas Bell and Thomas Fell trading as Thomas Fell and Company. They made white, sponged, printed and enamelled wares. In 1869 Fell and Company became a limited liability company. They then produced mainly white and coloured domestic earthenware and a small amount of lustreware. The last reference to the firm was in 1891 {2}.
Site Name
St Peter's Pottery
Site Type: Specific
Pottery Works
HER Number
4172
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4172 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 97
P.J. Davidson, 1986, Brickworks of the North East, pp 68-9
R.C. Bell, 1986, Maling and other Tyneside Pottery
Tyne and Wear County Council, 1981, Maling - A Tyneside Pottery
R.C. Bell, 1971, Tyneside Pottery
R.C. Bell & M.A.V. Gill, 1973, The Potteries of Tyneside
F. Buckley, 1929, Potteries on the Tyne and Other Northern Potteries during the C188, Archaeologia Aeliana, series 4, p68-82
D.K. Gray, 1985, Introduction to Maling
S. Moore & C. Ross, 1989, Maling, The Trademark of Excellence
J.T. Shaw, 1973, The Potteries of Wearside
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2003
English, British
Class
Maritime
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
05
DAY2
10
District
Newcastle
Easting
426950
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
9
MONTH2
5
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563590
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Byker
Description
A shipbuilding yard to the west of Plummer’s Wharf, St Peter’s is shown on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey map. The yard included a small rectangular dock towards its eastern side and a large building / graving dock running obliquely across it from the western edge. St Peter’s Saw Mill lies within the north-western part of the yard. The yard had gone by the time of the 2nd Ordnance Survey map.
Site Type: Broad
Marine Construction Site
SITEDESC
A shipbuilding yard to the west of Plummer’s Wharf, St Peter’s is shown on the First Edition Ordnance Survey. The yard includes a small rectangular dock towards its eastern side and a large building / graving dock running obliquely across it from the western edge. St Peter’s Saw Mill lies within the north-western part of the yard. The yard is gone by the time that the Second Edition Survey has been produced {2}.
Site Name
Plummer's Wharf Shipyard
Site Type: Specific
Shipyard
HER Number
4171
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4171 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 97
The Archaeological Practice, 2002, Shipbuilding on Tyne and Wear - Prehistory to Present. Tyne & Wear Historic Environment Record; Watson, R. 2018. Giants on the Quayside, Spiller's Quay, Newcastle upon Tyne, archaeological evaluation and monitoring, Archaeological Services Durham University, HER4856
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2002
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
05
District
Newcastle
Easting
426820
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
9
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563760
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Ouseburn
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows the position of The Mushroom Bottle Works.
Site Type: Broad
Glassmaking Site
SITEDESC
The Mushroom Bottle Works.

In 2018 an evaluation trench was positioned at the site of the Mushroom Bottle Works and whiting works. Within the evaluation trench, brick and stone walls were identified in addition to a cobbled rough brick surface these remains probably related to the former bottle and whiting works.
Site Name
Mushroom Bottle Works
Site Type: Specific
Bottle Works
HER Number
4170
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4170 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 97; Watson, R. 2018. Giants on the Quayside, Spiller's Quay, Newcastle upon Tyne, archaeological evaluation and monitoring, Archaeological Services Durham University, HER4856
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
05
District
Newcastle
Easting
426840
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
9
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564000
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Byker
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows a Brickfield and Clay Pit at this location.
Site Type: Broad
Brick and Tilemaking Site
SITEDESC
A Brickfield and Clay Pit.
Site Name
Byker, brickfield
Site Type: Specific
Brickfield
HER Number
4169
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4169 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 97
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
05
District
Newcastle
Easting
426840
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
9
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564130
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Byker
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows the position of the St Lawrence Chemical Works (Washing Soda).
Site Type: Broad
Chemical Industry Site
SITEDESC
St Lawrence Chemical Works (Washing Soda).
Site Name
St Lawrence Chemical Works
Site Type: Specific
Soda Works
HER Number
4168
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4168 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 97
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
05
District
Newcastle
Easting
427530
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
9
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564340
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Byker
Description
This Quarry appears on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey map but not on the 2nd edition, indicating that it was probably out of use by 1895. The boundaries of the site cannot be located precisely using the map evidence.
Site Type: Broad
Mineral Extraction Site
SITEDESC
A Quarry; the precise definition is not clear on the 1st edition OS mapping, the graphic representation is an attempt to define its maximum extent as shown. It is not shown on the 2nd edition OS mapping, so out of use by 1895.
Site Name
Byker, Quarry
Site Type: Specific
Quarry
HER Number
4167
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4167 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 97
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
05
District
Newcastle
Easting
427620
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
9
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564360
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Byker
Description
This Engine House appears on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey map but not on the 2nd edition, indicating that it was probably out of use by 1895.
Site Type: Broad
Power Generation Site
SITEDESC
An Engine House. This is not shown on the 2nd edition OS mapping, so was out of use by 1895.
Site Name
Byker, Engine House
Site Type: Specific
Engine House
HER Number
4166
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4166 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 97
YEAR1
1994