English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
21
District
Sunderland
Easting
3847
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
07
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
5774
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Bishopwearmouth
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows the Vulcan Iron Works on this site.
Site Type: Broad
Metal Industry Site
SITEDESC
Vulcan Iron Works. Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows the Vulcan Iron Works on this site.
During an archaeological evaluation and watching brief conducted near to the site of the Vulcan Iron Works, dumped industrial deposits with clinker, waste glass and brick fragment inclusions were encountered. The report suggests that these may relate to the former Iron works and that further remains may be preserved beneath the 1.20-2m> deep deposits.
Site Name
Vulcan Iron Works
Site Type: Specific
Iron Works
HER Number
2816
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2816 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8; Pre-Construct Archaeology, 2019 Sunderland Strategic Transport Corridor Phase 3, Archaeological Evaluation
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
21
District
Sunderland
Easting
3867
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
07
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
5768
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Bishopwearmouth
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows a Brick Field on this site.
Site Type: Broad
Brick and Tilemaking Site
SITEDESC
Brick Field. 1861
Site Name
Sunderland Gasworks, brickfield
Site Type: Specific
Brickfield
HER Number
2815
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2815 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
21
DAY2
31
District
Sunderland
Easting
3874
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
07
MONTH2
05
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
5773
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Ayres Quay
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows the Sunderland Corporation Gas Works on this site. Little remains on this site, although some original walls remained until demolished in the late 1970s, and the site was most recently in use as a tip.
SITEASS
Little remains on this site, although some original walls remain. Area recently demolished [1978] and now in use as a tip. Gas holders remain in situ {3}. Gasholders or gasometers are large vertical cylindrical storage vessels for holding town gas at constant pressure prior to distribution to consumers. The oldest design of gasholder, made from wrought-iron plates dates from an 1824 patent. It telescoped vertically by means of grooved wheels on vertical guide rails. Later design by W. Gadd in 1890. Small gasholders were used in factories and mills which had their own gas manufacturing plant for providing lighting. By the 1870s a typical gas manufacturing works comprised of: a retort house containing rows of retorts where the gas was made, a hydraulic main to provide a water seal to prevent explosive gas blowbacks when a retort was opened, a condensor to cool the gas and allow liquid tar to drain out, an exhauster to draw out the gas from the retorts, a scrubber in which water removed ammonia from the gas, purifiers to remove contaminants, a meter to measure the volume of gas, one or more gasholders, a governor to control the pressure at which gas was distributed to customers, covered storage for coal and coke, a boiler and steam engine to drive the exhauster and a water pump for the scrubber (William Jones, 1996, Dictionary of Industrial Archaeology, EG Stewart, 1958, History of the gas, light and coke co. 1812-1949, T. Williams, 1981, History of the British Gas Industry).
Site Type: Broad
Power Generation Site
SITEDESC
Sunderland Corporation Gas Works.
Site Name
Sunderland Corporation Gas Works
Site Type: Specific
Gas Works
HER Number
2814
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2814 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
Tyne and Wear Industrial Monuments Trust, 1978, Sites of Interest in River Wear plan area
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2001
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
21
District
Sunderland
Easting
3879
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
07
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
5778
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Deptford
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows the Deptford Iron Works on this site.
Site Type: Broad
Metal Industry Site
SITEDESC
Deptford Iron Works.
Site Name
Deptford Iron Works
Site Type: Specific
Iron Works
HER Number
2813
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2813 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
21
District
Sunderland
Easting
3874
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
07
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
5791
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Ayres Quay
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows the Ayres Quay Iron Foundry on this site.
Site Type: Broad
Metal Industry Site
SITEDESC
Ayres Quay Iron Foundry.
Site Name
Ayres Quay Iron Foundry
Site Type: Specific
Iron Foundry
HER Number
2812
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2812 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
21
District
Sunderland
Easting
3886
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
07
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
5794
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Bishopwearmouth
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows a Brass Foundry on this site.
Site Type: Broad
Metal Industry Site
SITEDESC
Brass Foundry.
Site Name
Bishopwearmouth, Brass Foundry
Site Type: Specific
Brass Foundry
HER Number
2811
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2811 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
21
District
Sunderland
Easting
3889
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
07
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
5778
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Bishopwearmouth
Description
Ballast Hills Mill (Corn) is marked on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan, but its precise location is unclear.
Site Type: Broad
Food and Drink Industry Site
SITEDESC
Ballast Hills Mill (Corn). The precise location is unclear on 1st edition OS mapping, probably lay within 100m radius of this grid reference.
Site Name
Ballast Hills Mill
Site Type: Specific
Corn Mill
HER Number
2810
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2810 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
21
District
Sunderland
Easting
3890
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
07
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
5781
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Bishopwearmouth
Description
The precise location of this brewery is unclear from the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan.
Site Type: Broad
Food and Drink Industry Site
SITEDESC
Brewery. The precise location is unclear from the 1st edition OS mapping, probably lay within a 100m radius of the grid reference.
Site Name
Bishopwearmouth, Brewery
Site Type: Specific
Brewery
HER Number
2809
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2809 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
2850
DAY1
21
DAY2
27
District
Sunderland
Easting
3903
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
07
MONTH2
09
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
5763
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Bishopwearmouth
Description
Hetton Drops was the northern terminus of the Hetton Company Railway (HER ref. 2850).
SITEASS
The area of the staiths' railway system is currently [2004] in use as a timber yard. Ground surfaces where visible are composed of coal, cinder, crushed stone and brick. Where the land is terraced there are stone revetment walls. A substantial revetment wall surrounds the site. A railway tunnel survives. Recording required after removal of undergrowth.
Site Type: Broad
Lifting and Winding Structure
SITEDESC
Hetton Drops, the northern terminus of the Hetton Company Railway, (HER 2850), which opened in the early 1820s. On Thomas Robson's map of 1827, "Hetton Staiths" are shown with a coal depot building an engine house and an incline. The railway infrastructure was remodelling between 1865 and 1896, when a series of ramped terraces and sidings were built to more easily transport coal tubs from the railway to the colliers in the river, replacing the static engine and incline. By 1911 the Hetton and Lambton drops had combined and were being run as a single operation. There is a water colour painting of the drops in the 1930s. The coal staiths fell out of use in the 1960s and their attendant railway networks dismantled in 1967. Elements of the transhipment facilities remained in situ until parts of the riverbank were reclaimed and landscaped to create Sunderland's Riverside Park in 1972.
Site Name
Hetton Drops
Site Type: Specific
Coal Drop
HER Number
2808
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2808 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
T. Robson, 1827, Plan of Sunderland, Bishopwearmouth and Monkwearmouth
T. Powell, 2000, Staith to Conveyor, An Illustrated History of Coal Shipping Equipment, p 48
I. Ayris, 1996, Trimdon Street and Farringdon Row, Sunderland - Appraisal of the Histo
Northern Archaeological Associates, 2004, Farringdon Row, Sunderland, Archaeological Desk Based Assessment
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2004
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
21
District
Sunderland
Easting
3893
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
07
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
5791
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Stuart 1603 to 1714
Place
Ayres Quay
Description
Ayres Quay Company Bottle Works was opened in 1696 by the Company of Glass Owners of Sunderland to produce bottles and, until circa 1819, broad window glass. It closed in 1880.
Site Type: Broad
Glassmaking Site
SITEDESC
Ayres Quay Company Bottle Works. Opened in 1696 by the Company of Glass Owners of Sunderland to produce bottles and, until circa 1819, broad window glass. Closed in 1880. Shown as "Ayres Quay Glass Houses" on John Bell's plan of 1801.
Site Name
Ayres Quay Company Bottle Works
Site Type: Specific
Bottle Works
HER Number
2807
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2807 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
N.T. Sinclair in Milburn & Miller, (eds) 1988, Sunderland, River, Town & People, Industry to 1914, p.32
YEAR1
1994