A railway spur from the North Eastern Railway, Newcastle and South Shields Branch (HER ref. Tyne 2509) into Tyne Dock (HER ref. 2556). It ran from St. Bede's Junction to the Tyne Dock Bottom Junction and was opened on 1885 to ease congestion in the Dock Bottom and its approaches. The 2nd edition Ordnance Survey plan shows 3 warehouses on the site, of which the westernmost had been replaced by the 1920s and the others later removed when the East Jarrow Carriage and Repair Shops were built. By 1921 the area was occupied by a Saw Mill and yards associated with the timber ponds at Jarrow Slake. The site remained railway property until the 1980s, with parts of the Saw Mill and the trackbeds still in situ.
Site Type: Broad
Railway Transport Site
SITEDESC
Railway spur from the North Eastern Railway, Newcastle and South Shields Branch (SMR 2509) into the Tyne Dock (SMR 2556). From St. Bede's Junction to the Tyne Dock Bottom Junction. This link was opened on 1885 to ease congestion in the Dock Bottom and it's approaches. The 2nd edition OS mapping shows three warehouses on the site. The westernmost had been replaced by the 1920s and the others later removed when the East Jarrow Carriage and Repair Shops were built. By 1921 the area was occupied by a Saw Mill and yards associated with the timber ponds at Jarrow Slake. The site remained railway property until the 1980s, with parts of the Saw Mill and the trackbeds still in situ.
Site Name
Jarrow, Railway Spur
Site Type: Specific
Railway
HER Number
2559
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2559 >> 2nd edition, Ordnance Survey map, 1898, 6 inch scale, Durham, 3, SE
County Conservation Team, 1989, Simonside, South Shields
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Water Supply and Drainage
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
2556
DAY1
11
District
S Tyneside
Easting
435040
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
05
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
565230
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Jarrow
Description
A timber pond within Tyne Dock (HER ref. 2556), opened in 1859.
Site Type: Broad
Pond
SITEDESC
Timber pond within the Tyne Dock, (SMR 2556). These were not shown on the 1st edition OS mapping, so were working from after 1855.
Site Name
Tyne Dock, Timber Ponds
Site Type: Specific
Timber Pond
HER Number
2558
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2558 >> 2nd edition, Ordnance Survey map, 1898, 6 inch scale, Durham, 3, SE
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
2556
DAY1
11
District
S Tyneside
Easting
435330
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
05
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
565000
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Jarrow
Description
Four staiths are shown within the Tyne Dock (HER ref. 2556), opened in 1859.
Site Type: Broad
Water Transport Site
SITEDESC
Four staiths are shown within the Tyne Dock (SMR 2556). These are not shown on 1st edition OS mapping, so were working from after 1855.
Site Name
Tyne Dock, Staiths
Site Type: Specific
Staith
HER Number
2557
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2557 >> 2nd edition, Ordnance Survey map, 1898, 6 inch scale, Durham, 3, SE
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Maritime
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Claire MacRae
Crossref
2557, 2558, 2560
DAY1
11
DAY2
12
District
S Tyneside
Easting
435260
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MAP2
NZ36SE
MONTH1
05
MONTH2
08
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 36 NE 360
Northing
565140
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Jarrow
Description
The Tyne Dock was originally planned in 1838, but final permission to build the dock was obtained by George Hudson in 1847. Construction began in 1855, with foundations made by dumpling material from the South Shields ballast hills. The dock opened in 1859. It was served by a two level railway system with the staiths at the High End and general cargo at the Dock Bottom. From 1883-1917 shipments of coal alone were over 5 million tons/year. In 1938 the LNER sold the dock to the Tyne Improvement Commission. The dock complex included a wide range of features, including the stone-build dock itself, dock gates, dock-side cranes, staiths (HER ref. 2557) and railway lines, a timber pond (HER ref. 2558) and various storage and administrative buildings. Amongst the latter, the Tyne Dock Hydraulic House (at NZ 354 654) is a stone building of highly characteristic form, now very rare, where hydraulic machinery was invented and developed. The Tyne Dock Offices (NZ 356 651) are also of interest. Most of the Tyne Dock gates are no longer in use and some have been dismantled and replaced with concrete.
Site Type: Broad
Dock and Harbour Installation
SITEDESC
The Tyne Dock. Originally planned in 1838, final permission to build the dock was obtained by George Hudson in 1847. Construction began in 1855 involving dumping vast quantities of material from the South Shields ballast hills to provide foundations. The dock opened in 1859. It was served by a two level railway system with the staiths at the High End and general cargo at the Dock Bottom. The layout of the High End was an outstanding and unique example of engineering design and execution. From 1883-1917 shipments of coal alone were over 5 million tons/year. In 1938 the LNER sold the dock to the Tyne Improvement Commission. Included Staiths (SMR 2557) & a Timber Pond (SMR 2558) {2}. Most of the Tyne Dock gates are no longer in use and some have been dismantled and replaced with concrete. The Tyne Dock Hydraulic House (NZ 354 654) is a stone building of the highly characteristic form of which very few examples now remain in this region where hydraulic machinery was invented and developed. The Tyne Dock Offices (NZ 356 651) are also of interest {3}. Ahead of the use of the Tyne Dock basin as a lagoon for displaced mud as part of the TT2 creation a photographic recording and condition survey of the entrances to the dock was carried out by The Archaeological Practice Ltd. In 2009. This work also included an appraisal of previous work carried out in 1999. The report concluded that the non operational Sixty Foot entrance dated to the 1850s. All buildings historically associated with the Eastern Pier have been demolished. The Eighty Foot Tidal Entrance was part of the 1850s design but was altered in the 1890s. The courses of hydraulic equipment and other conduits are visible as concrete infilled channels in the surface of the dock. The Seventy Foot Tidal Entrance was in use at the time of the survey to provide access to the NW Quay along the west side of the dock. Both piers forming the entrance to this entrance have timber extremities to the north and south. Since 1999 the timber jetties have become considerably more dilapidated and overgrown {5}. The final phase of recording was undertaken by WAA in 2014. This work included the recording of the machinery located in the western pier of the Sixty Foot Lock. The workings (replaced in the 1920s) appeared to be complete although they suffered heavily from corrosion.
Site Name
Tyne Dock
Site Type: Specific
Dock
HER Number
2556
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 2556 >> 2nd edition, Ordnance Survey map, 1898, 6 inch scale, Durham, 3, SE
County Conservation Team, 1989, Simonside, South Shields, p.9-12
Tyne and Wear Industrial Monuments Trust, 1978, Sites of Interest in the inner Shields plan area; The Archaeological Practice Ltd. 2009, Entrances to Tyne Dock, Historic Buildings Recording and Condition Survey; Wardell Armstrong Archaeology, 2014, Tyne Dock, South Shields, Tyne and Wear - Archaeological Recording; The Archaeological Practice Ltd., 2009, Tyne Dock, South Shields - A review of previous archaeological work; Carlton, R & Williams, A., 2015, 'Tyne Dock: the United Kingdom's greatest coal dock' in Archaeologica Aeliana 5th Ser., Vol 44 p271-302
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2014
English, British
Class
Water Supply and Drainage
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
11
District
S Tyneside
Easting
434690
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36SW
MONTH1
05
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564960
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Jarrow
Description
These Timber Ponds in the south east corner of Jarrow Slake are not shown on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan, so were working from after 1855.
Site Type: Broad
Pond
SITEDESC
Timber Ponds in the south east corner of Jarrow Slake. These are not shown on the 1st edn OS mapping, so this was working from after 1855.
Site Name
Jarrow, Timber Ponds
Site Type: Specific
Timber Pond
HER Number
2555
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2555 >> 2nd edition, Ordnance Survey map, 1898, 6 inch scale, Durham, 3, SE
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Recreational
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
11
District
S Tyneside
Easting
432200
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36SW
MONTH1
05
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563570
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Monkton
Description
A Cycling Ground in the form of an Oval track, south east of Monkton. This is not shown on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan, so was working from after 1855.
Site Type: Broad
Racing Sports Site
SITEDESC
Cycling Ground, an Oval track, south east of Monkton. This is not shown on the 1st edition OS mapping, so was working from after 1855.
Site Name
Monkton, Cycling Ground
Site Type: Specific
Velodrome
HER Number
2554
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2554 >> 2nd edition, Ordnance Survey map, 1898, 6 inch scale, Durham, 3, SE
YEAR1
1994
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
11
District
S Tyneside
Easting
431990
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36SW
MONTH1
05
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563660
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Monkton
Description
A Smithy in Monkton, which is not shown on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan, so was working from after 1855.
SITEASS
The smithy or forge was the workplace of a blacksmith or ironsmith, where iron was worked into useful objects such as weapons, armour in the Middle Ages and locks, hinges, spades and tools, iron horseshoes (machine-made horseshoes were introduced from USA in 1870s), grilles, gates, railings, metal parts for locomotives, coaches, waggons and carts. The blacksmith's raw material was wrought iron in bar form. The smithy comprised a hearth, bellows, anvil and bosh (quenching trough). A small forge had hand-operated bellows, a large industrial forge water-powered bellows, power hammer and shears (William Jones, 1996, Dictionary of Industrial Archaeology).
Site Type: Broad
Metal Industry Site
SITEDESC
Smithy, in Monkton, which is not shown on the 1st edition OS mapping, so were working from after 1855.
Site Name
Monkton, Smithy
Site Type: Specific
Blacksmiths Workshop
HER Number
2553
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2553 >> 2nd edition, Ordnance Survey map, 1898, 6 inch scale, Durham, 3, SE
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Water Supply and Drainage
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
2550
DAY1
11
District
S Tyneside
Easting
432830
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36SW
MONTH1
05
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564050
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Monkton
Description
This group of four filter beds is not shown on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan, so was operational from after 1855. The filter beds may have been associated with the nearby Springwell Paper Works (HER ref. 2550).
Site Type: Broad
Water Disposal Site
SITEDESC
Four filter beds which are not shown on the 1st edition OS mapping, so working from after 1855. These may have been associated with the nearby Springwell Paper Works, (SMR 2550).
Site Name
Monkton, Filter Beds
Site Type: Specific
Filter Bed
HER Number
2552
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2552 >> 2nd edition, Ordnance Survey map, 1898, 6 inch scale, Durham, 3, SE
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Defence
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
11
District
S Tyneside
Easting
433180
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36SW
MONTH1
05
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563970
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Monkton
Description
A 400 yard rifle range which is not shown on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan, so was operational from after the survey date of 1855.
Site Type: Broad
Military Training Site
SITEDESC
400yd rifle range. This is not shown on the 1st edition OS mapping, so was operational from after the survey date of 1855.
Site Name
Monkton, Rifle Range
Site Type: Specific
Firing Range
HER Number
2551
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2551 >> 2nd edition, Ordnance Survey map, 1898, 6 inch scale, Durham, 3, SE
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
2232
DAY1
14
District
S Tyneside
Easting
435740
EASTING2
3602
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36SE
MONTH1
07
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
564530
NORTHING2
6365
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Harton
Description
Together with HER ref. 2232 this record represents the North Eastern Railway Harton Branch which was opened in 1867, largely following the line of the old Brandling Junction Railway Biddick Branch (HER ref. 2232). It also replaced the northern section of a wagonway (HER ref. 2395) from Harton Colliery to the North Eastern Railway South Shields Branch.
Site Type: Broad
Railway Transport Site
SITEDESC
Together with SMR 2232 this record represents the North Eastern Railway Harton Branch which was opened in 1867, largely following the line of the old Brandling Junction Railway Biddick Branch (SMR 2232). It also replaced the northern section of a wagonway (SMR 2395) from Harton Colliery to the North Eastern Railway South Shields Branch.
Site Name
North Eastern Railway, Harton Branch
Site Type: Specific
Railway
HER Number
2550
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2550 >> 2nd edition, Ordnance Survey map, 1898, 6 inch scale, Durham, SW, 4
N.T. Sinclair, & I.S. Carr, 1990, Railways of South Shields, p.12