Hetton Tunnel was constructed as part of the North Eastern Railway, Durham and Sunderland Branch (HER ref. 2994).
Site Type: Broad
Railway Transport Site
SITEDESC
Hetton Tunnel, on the North Eastern Railway Durham and Sunderland Branch, (SMR 2994).
Site Name
Hetton Tunnel
Site Type: Specific
Railway Tunnel
HER Number
2987
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2987 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1861, 6 inch scale, Durham, 21
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
2985, 2982, 2848
DAY1
21
District
Sunderland
Easting
3613
EASTING2
3516
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ34NE
MONTH1
07
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
4827
NORTHING2
4823
parish
Hetton
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Great Eppleton
Description
Hetton Railway, Eppleton Branch ran from the Eppleton Colliery (HER ref. 2982) to the Hetton Railway (HER ref. 2848). This operated on a self-acting incline system built in 1825. The ropes were removed circa 1900 although the line continued in use until 1959.
Site Type: Broad
Railway Transport Site
SITEDESC
Hetton Railway, Eppleton Branch. This ran from the Eppleton Colliery, (SMR 2982), to the Hetton Railway, (SMR 2848). This was a self-acting incline built in 1825. The ropes were removed circa 1900 although the line continued in use until 1959.
Site Name
Hetton Railway, Eppleton Branch
Site Type: Specific
Railway Inclined Plane
HER Number
2986
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2986 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1861, 6 inch scale, Durham, 21
C.E. Mountford, 1970, The Development of Colliery Railways in Co. Durham, p.13; Alan Williams Archaeology, 2013, Waggonways to the South Bank of the River Tyne and to the River Wear
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
2986
DAY1
21
District
Sunderland
Easting
3564
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ34NE
MONTH1
07
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
4825
NORTHING2
0
parish
Hetton
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Great Eppleton
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows a Coal Depot on the Hetton Railway, Eppleton Branch (HER ref. 2985).
Site Type: Broad
Coal Mining Site
SITEDESC
Coal Depot on the Hetton Railway Eppleton Branch, (SMR 2985).
Site Name
Great Eppleton, Coal Depot
Site Type: Specific
Coal Depot
HER Number
2985
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2985 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1861, 6 inch scale, Durham, 21
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
21
District
Sunderland
Easting
3568
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ34NE
MONTH1
07
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
4835
NORTHING2
0
parish
Hetton
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Great Eppleton
Description
High Downs Quarry, with a lime kiln is shown on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan.
Site Type: Broad
Mineral Extraction Site
SITEDESC
High Downs Quarry, with a lime kiln shown on the 1st edition OS mapping.
Site Name
High Downs Quarry
Site Type: Specific
Limestone Quarry
HER Number
2984
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2984 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1861, 6 inch scale, Durham, 21
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
21
District
Sunderland
Easting
3598
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ34NE
MONTH1
07
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
4839
NORTHING2
0
parish
Hetton
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Great Eppleton
Description
This Quarry is marked as ‘Old’ on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan, so was probably out of use by 1856.
Site Type: Broad
Mineral Extraction Site
SITEDESC
This quarry, adjacent to the village of Hetton Downs is first marked on the Hetton-le-Hole tithe plan of 1839. It contained a lime kiln and a well, and had rail links with the Eppleton branch of the Hetton Railway. It closed in the 1990s and is now an important nature conservation site.
Site Name
Great Eppleton, Quarry
Site Type: Specific
Quarry
HER Number
2983
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2983 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1861, 6 inch scale, Durham, 21
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
2986
DAY1
21
DAY2
23
District
Sunderland
Easting
3625
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ34NE
MONTH1
07
MONTH2
03
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 34 NE 31
Northing
4826
NORTHING2
0
parish
Hetton
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Great Eppleton
Description
The colliery was started in 1825 and produced its first coals in 1833 via the Jane Pit. The workmen in these early years lived in houses built of sod at Low Downs, along with the colliery horses. In 1836 an explosion killed 20 men. The Caroline pit had been abandoned in 1832 but was reopened and deepened in 1853. A surface fire in 1867 caused the death of one man underground. The 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan shows a gin-gan, gas house and two reservoirs within the Eppleton Colliery site, which was served by the Hetton Railway, Eppleton Branch (HER ref. 2986). The New Pit or Lindsay Shaft was sunk in 1870. The Jane and Caroline engine houses were built in 1880 and the signal system in the Caroline Shaft electrified in 1883. In 1895 3 men died from foul air. In 1925 the Jane Pit was reopened to reach the Busty Seam, and the pithead baths were opened in 1930. In 1933 the colliery manager, Mr. Stokoe was crushed to death by wagons. In 1951 9 men were killed in an explosion. The same year the Hawthorn mine complex was started involving Eppleton and Elemore Pits. It was completed in 1958 and was still working in 1978.
Site Type: Broad
Coal Mining Site
SITEDESC
Eppleton Colliery. First edition OS mapping shows a gingang, gas house and two reservoirs within the site. It was served by the Hetton Railway, Eppleton Branch (HER 2986). The colliery was started in 1825 and produced its first coals in 1833 via the Jane Pit. Caroline Pit was sunk in 1824. There was also a Lindsay Pit. The owners were Hetton Coal Company Ltd in 1825, Lambton and Hetton Collieries Ltd in 1911, Lambton, Hetton & Joicey Collieries Ltd in 1934 and from 1947 The National Coal Board. The workmen in these early years lived in houses built of sod at Low Downs. In the midst of Low Downs Square existed a "Fad" where colliery horses were kept. On 28 January 1836 an explosion killed 22 men. It was caused by a firing of hydrogen gas accumulated by the leaving open of a trap door. The Caroline pit had been abandoned in 1832 but was reopened and deepened in 1853. A surface fire in 1867 caused the death of one man underground. The New Pit or Lindsay Shaft was sunk in 1870. The Jane and Caroline engine houses were built in 1880 and the signal system in the Caroline Shaft electrified in 1883. Whellan records that in 1894 the colliery employed 1100 men and boys underground and 304 above ground. 3000 tons of coal was produced per day. In 1895 3 men died from foul air. In 1925 the Jane Pit was reopened to reach the Busty Seam. In 1911 the pit passed into the ownership of Lambton and Hetton Collieries along with the other pits The pithead baths were opened in 1930. In 1933 the colliery manager, Mr. Stokoe was crushed to death by wagons. On 6 July 1951 9 men were killed in an explosion. The same year the Hawthorn mine complex was started involving Eppleton and Elemore Pits. It was completed in 1958 and was still working in 1978. In March 1986 Eppleton Colliery closed and merged Murton Colliery. 195 fatalities while operational.
Site Name
Eppleton Colliery
Site Type: Specific
Colliery
HER Number
2982
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2982 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1861, 6 inch scale, Durham, 21
1978, A Brief Chronology of Eppleton Colliery; Durham Mining Museum www.dmm.org.uk; Whellan, 1894, Directory of County Durham; F. Atkinson, 1980, North East England - People at Work 1860-1950; Hetton Local & Natural History Society, 2015, The Hetton Village Atlas p232-243
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2005
English, British
Class
Water Supply and Drainage
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
21
District
Sunderland
Easting
3724
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ34NE
MONTH1
07
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
4885
NORTHING2
0
parish
Hetton
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Great Eppleton
Description
These Brick Ponds are marked as ‘Old’ on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan, so were probably out of use by 1856.
Site Type: Broad
Pond
SITEDESC
Brick Ponds, marked as Old on the 1st edn OS mapping, so were out of use by 1856.
Site Name
Great Eppleton, Brick Ponds
Site Type: Specific
Pond
HER Number
2981
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2981 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1861, 6 inch scale, Durham, 21
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Water Supply and Drainage
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
2879
DAY1
21
District
Sunderland
Easting
3566
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ34NE
MONTH1
07
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
4959
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Houghton-le-Spring
Description
A Reservoir, possibly associated with Copthill Engine, is shown on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan.
Site Type: Broad
Water Storage Site
SITEDESC
A Reservoir, possibly associated with Copthill Engine, but this is not clear on the 1st edition OS mapping.
Site Name
Copt Hill, Reservoir
Site Type: Specific
Reservoir
HER Number
2980
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2980 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1861, 6 inch scale, Durham, 21
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
2848, 2976
DAY1
21
District
Sunderland
Easting
3570
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ34NE
MONTH1
07
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
4966
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Houghton-le-Spring
Description
Copthill Engine stood near the intersection of the Rainton and Seaham, and Hetton Railways (HER ref. 2976 and HER ref. 2848). It may have worked one or both, but this is unclear on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan.
Site Type: Broad
Power Generation Site
SITEDESC
Copthill Engine, near the intersection of the Rainton and Seaham, and Hetton Railways, (SMR 2976 and SMR 2848). It may have worked one or both, this is unclear on the 1st edition OS mapping.
Site Name
Copthill Engine
Site Type: Specific
Engine House
HER Number
2979
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2979 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1861, 6 inch scale, Durham, 21
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
01
District
Sunderland
Easting
3674
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35SE
MONTH1
08
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
5034
NORTHING2
0
parish
Warden Law
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Warden Law
Description
This Gravel Pit is marked as ‘Old’ on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan, so was probably out of use by 1856.
Site Type: Broad
Mineral Extraction Site
SITEDESC
Gravel Pit, marked as Old on the 1st edition OS mapping, so was out of use by 1856.
Site Name
Warden Law, Gravel Pit
Site Type: Specific
Gravel Pit
HER Number
2978
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2978 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 6 inch scale, Durham14