A timber building yard lay on the coast to the east of South Dock (HER ref. 2874) and launched vessels into the South Entrance. The 1st edition Ordnance Survey map shows five small structures, including a smithy, within the yard. For a period in the 1860s the yard was owned and worked by a John Haswell. In the 1870s, the area of the yard would seem to have been divided between Bartram’s and Sunderland Shipbuilding Co. Ltd.
Site Type: Broad
Marine Construction Site
SITEDESC
Shipbuilding Yards, on the south side of the South Dock, (SMR 2874) {1}. A timber building yard lay on the coast to the east of South Dock and launched vessels into the South Entrance. For a period in the 1860s the yard was owned and worked by a John Haswell. In the 1870s, the area of the yard would seem to have been divided between Bartram’s and Sunderland Shipbuilding Co. Ltd. (SMR Nos. ???? and ????)
Map Evidence
First Edition Six Inches to One Mile Ordnance Survey 1855, Sheet XIV
A shipyard lies on the shoreline to the east of South Docks, to the north of the Half Tide Basin (which runs from South Dock) and to the south-east of timber yards. Ships would launch into the South Entrance, effectively straight into the North Sea. The yard itself contains five small structures including a smithy. By the 1870s , the yard had been subdivided {2}.
Site Name
South Dock, John Haswell's Shipbuilding Yard
Site Type: Specific
Shipyard
HER Number
2886
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2886 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
The Archaeological Practice, 2002, Shipbuilding on Tyne and Wear - Prehistory to Present. Tyne & Wear Historic Environment Record; York Archaeological Trust, 2009, Hudson Dock East, Barrack St, Sunderland - Archaeological Assessment
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2002
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
2874
DAY1
25
District
Sunderland
Easting
4121
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ45NW
MONTH1
07
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
5729
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Sunderland
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows Patent Wood Preserving Works and Timber Yards within the South Dock, (HER ref. 2874).
Site Type: Broad
Wood Processing Site
SITEDESC
Patent Wood Preserving Works and Timber Yards, within the South Dock, (SMR 2874).
Site Name
South Dock, Wood Preserving Works
Site Type: Specific
Wood Product Site
HER Number
2885
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2885 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
2874
DAY1
25
District
Sunderland
Easting
4121
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ45NW
MONTH1
07
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
5739
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Sunderland
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows a Smithy at this location.
SITEASS
The smithy or forge was the workplace of a blacksmith or ironsmith, where iron was worked into useful objects such as weapons, armour in the Middle Ages and locks, hinges, spades and tools, iron horseshoes (machine-made horseshoes were introduced from USA in 1870s), grilles, gates, railings, metal parts for locomotives, coaches, waggons and carts. The blacksmith's raw material was wrought iron in bar form. The smithy comprised a hearth, bellows, anvil and bosh (quenching trough). A small forge had hand-operated bellows, a large industrial forge water-powered bellows, power hammer and shears (William Jones, 1996, Dictionary of Industrial Archaeology).
Site Type: Broad
Metal Industry Site
SITEDESC
Smithy.
Site Name
South Dock, Smithy
Site Type: Specific
Blacksmiths Workshop
HER Number
2884
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2884 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
2874
DAY1
25
District
Sunderland
Easting
4117
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ45NW
MONTH1
07
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
5748
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Sunderland
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows a Smithy at this location.
SITEASS
The smithy or forge was the workplace of a blacksmith or ironsmith, where iron was worked into useful objects such as weapons, armour in the Middle Ages and locks, hinges, spades and tools, iron horseshoes (machine-made horseshoes were introduced from USA in 1870s), grilles, gates, railings, metal parts for locomotives, coaches, waggons and carts. The blacksmith's raw material was wrought iron in bar form. The smithy comprised a hearth, bellows, anvil and bosh (quenching trough). A small forge had hand-operated bellows, a large industrial forge water-powered bellows, power hammer and shears (William Jones, 1996, Dictionary of Industrial Archaeology).
Site Type: Broad
Metal Industry Site
SITEDESC
Smithy.
Site Name
South Dock, Smithy
Site Type: Specific
Blacksmiths Workshop
HER Number
2883
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2883 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
2874
DAY1
25
District
Sunderland
Easting
4115
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ45NW
MONTH1
07
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
5752
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Sunderland
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows a Smithy at this location.
SITEASS
The smithy or forge was the workplace of a blacksmith or ironsmith, where iron was worked into useful objects such as weapons, armour in the Middle Ages and locks, hinges, spades and tools, iron horseshoes (machine-made horseshoes were introduced from USA in 1870s), grilles, gates, railings, metal parts for locomotives, coaches, waggons and carts. The blacksmith's raw material was wrought iron in bar form. The smithy comprised a hearth, bellows, anvil and bosh (quenching trough). A small forge had hand-operated bellows, a large industrial forge water-powered bellows, power hammer and shears (William Jones, 1996, Dictionary of Industrial Archaeology).
Site Type: Broad
Metal Industry Site
SITEDESC
Smithy.
Site Name
South Dock, Smithy
Site Type: Specific
Blacksmiths Workshop
HER Number
2882
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2882 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8; Archaeological Services Durham University, 2019, Young's Quay, Port of Sunderland, archaeological desk-based assessment report 5110
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
2874
DAY1
25
District
Sunderland
Easting
4101
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ45NW
MONTH1
07
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
5691
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Sunderland
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows a Smithy at this location.
SITEASS
The smithy or forge was the workplace of a blacksmith or ironsmith, where iron was worked into useful objects such as weapons, armour in the Middle Ages and locks, hinges, spades and tools, iron horseshoes (machine-made horseshoes were introduced from USA in 1870s), grilles, gates, railings, metal parts for locomotives, coaches, waggons and carts. The blacksmith's raw material was wrought iron in bar form. The smithy comprised a hearth, bellows, anvil and bosh (quenching trough). A small forge had hand-operated bellows, a large industrial forge water-powered bellows, power hammer and shears (William Jones, 1996, Dictionary of Industrial Archaeology).
Site Type: Broad
Metal Industry Site
SITEDESC
Smithy.
Site Name
South Dock, Smithy
Site Type: Specific
Blacksmiths Workshop
HER Number
2881
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2881 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
2874
DAY1
25
District
Sunderland
Easting
4093
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ45NW
MONTH1
07
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
5692
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Sunderland
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows a coal depot in the South Dock, possibly associated with the nearby Lime Works (HER ref. 2879).
Site Type: Broad
Coal Mining Site
SITEDESC
A coal depot in the South Dock, possibly associated with the nearby Lime Works, (SMR 2879).
Site Name
South Dock, Coal Depot
Site Type: Specific
Coal Depot
HER Number
2880
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2880 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
2874
DAY1
25
District
Sunderland
Easting
4102
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ45NW
MONTH1
07
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
5695
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Sunderland
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows a Lime Works within the South Dock (HER ref. 2874).
Site Type: Broad
Chemical Industry Site
SITEDESC
A Lime Works within the South Dock, (SMR 2874).
Site Name
South Dock, Lime Works
Site Type: Specific
Lime Works
HER Number
2879
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2879 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
28950
DAY1
25
District
Sunderland
Easting
4090
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ45NW
MONTH1
07
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
5732
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Sunderland
Description
Town Moor Station is on the North Eastern Railway, Sunderland and Durham Branch, (HER ref. 2895).
Site Type: Broad
Railway Transport Site
SITEDESC
Town Moor Station, on the North Eastern Railway Sunderland and Durham Branch, (SMR 2895).
Site Name
Town Moor, Station
Site Type: Specific
Railway Station
HER Number
2878
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2878 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
YEAR1
1994
English, British
ADDITINF
Y
Class
Transport
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Rachel Grahame
Crossref
2625
DAY1
26
DAY2
12
District
Sunderland
Easting
31984
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
10
Map Sheet
NZ35SW
MATERIAL
Sandstone
MONTH1
07
MONTH2
03
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
54555
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Usworth
Description
The Victoria Bridge was listed Grade II* in 1985 with the following description:
'Railway bridge. 1838 by James Walker of Walker and Burges. Rusticated sandstone. 4 main arches, the most southerly spanning the Wear, and 3 minor at each end : main spans 100', 160', 144' and 100'; height from foundations to top of parapet, 156'6". Arches have voussoirs and bands; impost blocks to the minor arches. 3 semi-circular buttresses continue as refuges in the parapet. Massive coping to plinths of cutwaters. Historical note : Built for the Durham Junction Railway and completed on Victoria's coronation day, 28th June, it carried the main London-Newcastle line until 1868. Links the valley sides at their crest, and was modelled on Trajan's bridge at Alcantara although not a copy. Source: Tomlinson North Eastern Railway (Newcastle 1914) 227, 318, 319.'
The bridge carried the North Eastern Railway (HER 2625) over the Wear. It was built by the engineer T E Harrison/James Walker of Walker and Burges. At the time it had the largest span in Europe. The total length of the structure is 820 ft.. It remained in use to carry freight traffic and weekend passenger diversions until 1990 but was mothballed in 1991 and closed in 2012.
SITEASS
Pevsner - Unusual railway viaduct patterned on the Roman bridge at Alcantara in Spain, with small-span approach arches introduced instead of a single arch during construction, but very large-scale (up to 160ft) river arches; still carrying traffic. Is there any other place where one can stand beneath a "Roman" viaduct and see a "Greek" temple [Penshaw monument] near by?
Site Type: Broad
Railway Transport Site
SITEDESC
The Victoria Bridge was listed Grade II* in 1985 with the following description:
'Railway bridge. 1838 by James Walker of Walker and Burges. Rusticated sandstone. 4 main arches, the most southerly spanning the Wear, and 3 minor at each end : main spans 100', 160', 144' and 100'; height from foundations to top of parapet, 156'6". Arches have voussoirs and bands; impost blocks to the minor arches. 3 semi-circular buttresses continue as refuges in the parapet. Massive coping to plinths of cutwaters. Historical note : Built for the Durham Junction Railway and completed on Victoria's coronation day, 28th June, it carried the main London-Newcastle line until 1868. Links the valley sides at their crest, and was modelled on Trajan's bridge at Alcantara although not a copy. Source: Tomlinson North Eastern Railway (Newcastle 1914) 227, 318, 319.'
The bridge carried the North Eastern Railway (HER 2625) over the Wear. It was built by the engineer T E Harrison/James Walker of Walker and Burges. At the time it had the largest span in Europe. The total length of the structure is 820 ft.. It remained in use to carry freight traffic and weekend passenger diversions until 1990 but was mothballed in 1991 and closed in 2012.
Site Name
Victoria Railway Bridge/Viaduct
Site Type: Specific
Railway Viaduct
SITE_STAT
Listed Building Grade II*
HER Number
2877
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 2877 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 13;
Milburn, G & Miller, S (eds) 1988, Sunderland River, Town and People, Colour section, p.viii;
I M Ayris, & S M Linsley, 1994, A Guide to the Industrial Archaeology of Tyne and Wear, p.21;
Tyne and Wear Industrial Monuments Trust, 1978, Sites of interest in River Wear plan area;
W W Tomlinson, 1914, The North Eastern Railway - Its Rise and Development, pp 318-319;
Department of National Heritage, List of Buildings of Special Architectural or Historic Interest, 4/17;
https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1354978