A Limestone Quarry with lime kilns (the number of which are unclear) are marked as Old on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan, so were probably out of use by 1855.
Site Type: Broad
Mineral Extraction Site
SITEDESC
Limestone Quarry, with lime kilns (the number of which are unclear). The quarry and kilns are marked as Old on the 1st edition OS mapping, so were probably out of use by 1855.
Site Name
Southwick, Limestone Quarry
Site Type: Specific
Limestone Quarry
HER Number
2756
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2756 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
20
District
Sunderland
Easting
3820
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
07
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
5875
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Southwick
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows a Windmill (Corn) north of Southwick.
Site Type: Broad
Power Generation Site
SITEDESC
Windmill (Corn) north of Southwick.
Site Name
Southwick, Windmill
Site Type: Specific
Windmill
HER Number
2755
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2755 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Maritime
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
20
DAY2
28
District
Sunderland
Easting
3954
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
07
MONTH2
12
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
5747
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Monkwearmouth
Description
A shipyard was in existence at the base of the steeply sloping valley of the Wear immediately to the west of the site of the yet to be constructed Wearmouth Bridge by the 1820s (see Woods plan of 1817). By the middle of the century, this yard included an assymetrical graving dock, and a range of associated features. Timber yards sat to the east of the yard beyond Wearmouth bridge. In 1881 George Peverall sold the Bridge Shipyard to Robert Thompson, who owned yards at North Sands and Southwick.
The graving dock has been backfilled, but the shape is evident in the grassy area to the north-west. The east and west wall of the dock remain exposed.
Site Type: Broad
Marine Construction Site
SITEDESC
A shipyard was in existence at the base of the steeply sloping valley of the Wear immediately to the west of the site of the yet to be constructed Wearmouth Bridge by the 1820s (see Woods plan of 1817). By the middle of the century, this yard included an asymmetrical graving dock, and a range of associated features. Timber yards sat to the east of the yard beyond Wearmouth bridge. In 1881 George Peverall sold the Bridge Shipyard to Robert Thompson, who owned yards at North Sands and Southwick.
The graving dock has been backfilled, but the shape is evident in the grassy area to the north-west. The east and west wall of the dock remain exposed.
Site Name
Robert Thompson's Bridge Dockyard
Site Type: Specific
Shipyard
HER Number
2754
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8; Wood, 1817, Plan of Sunderland, Bishopwearmouth and Monk Wearmouth; The Archaeological Practice, 2002, Shipbuilding on Tyne and Wear - Prehistory to Present; Northern Archaeological Associates, 2017, Sheepfolds, Sunderland - Archaeological Desk Based Assessment, Building Recording and Geological Assessment;
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2017
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
2692
DAY1
20
DAY2
27
District
Sunderland
Easting
3943
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
07
MONTH2
12
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
5748
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Monkwearmouth
Description
Burleigh and Thompson's 1737 'Plan of the mouth of the River Wear' shows a battery of lime kilns and an associated slipway. Lime kilns are also shown on Raine's Ete Plan of 1790, linked to the turnpike road by a track up the bank on a steep gradient. This was later replaced by a waggonway from Fulwell Quarry (HER 2692), first shown on Robson's map of 1827. Sheepfold Lime Works are shown on the OS first edition map of 1855. They remained in use until the late 19th century and were demolished in the early 20th. There are no surviving remains, but there is evidence of localised quarrying along the adjacent escarpment. Lime was used as an agricultural fertiliser and was the main component of lime mortar. The lime quarries at Monkweearmouth were first leased by the Dean and Chapter of Durham to the Williamson family in 1714. Over the following one hundred years large batteries of kilns were built at both Sheepfolds and Carley Hill.
Site Type: Broad
Chemical Industry Site
SITEDESC
Burleigh and Thompson's 1737 'Plan of the mouth of the River Wear' shows a battery of lime kilns and an associated slipway. Lime kilns are also shown on Raine's Eye Plan of 1790, linked to the turnpike road by a track up the bank on a steep gradient. This was later replaced by a waggonway from Fulwell Quarry (HER 2692), first shown on Robson's map of 1827. Sheepfold Lime Works are shown on the OS first edition map of 1855. They remained in use until the late 19th century and were demolished in the early 20th. There are no surviving remains, but there is evidence of localised quarrying along the adjacent escarpment. Lime was used as an agricultural fertiliser and was the main component of lime mortar. The lime quarries at Monkwearmouth were first leased by the Dean and Chapter of Durham to the Williamson family in 1714. Over the following one hundred years large batteries of kilns were built at both Sheepfolds and Carley Hill.
Site Name
Sheepfold Lime Works
Site Type: Specific
Lime Works
HER Number
2753
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8; Burleigh and Thompson, 1737, Plan of the mouth of the River Wear; Raine's Eye Plan of Sunderland, 1790; Robson, 1827, map of Sunderland; MM Meikle and CM Newman, 2007, Sunderland and its Origins: Monks to Mariners, p 161; Northern Archaeological Associates, 2018, Sheepfolds, Monkwearmouth: Archaeological monitoring report;
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2017
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
20
DAY2
28
District
Sunderland
Easting
3940
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
07
MONTH2
12
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
5753
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Monkwearmouth
Description
Sheepfold Pottery also known as Rickaby's Pottery was in operation from 1840-1900. It was built by Thomas Rickaby, a potter from Newbottle. In 1840 and 1851 it employed five men and three women. By then John Blakelock had invested in the company, which was subsequently listed as Rickaby & Blakelock. By 1865 Rickaby's son had taken over the firm forming T.J. Rickaby & co. Initially it had a single kiln with two more added in 1851. The pottery produced mainly brown domestic ware including salt kits (hung by the fire to keep salt dry). Orders were passed to Rickaby's from Sunderland Garrison Pottery. Some white earthenware was also produced. On the death of Rickaby in 1900 it was transferred to Snowdon and Co. of Bridge Pottery (HER.17569).
Site Type: Broad
Pottery Manufacturing Site
SITEDESC
SHEEPFOLD POTTERY also known as Rickaby's Pottery was in operation from 1840-1900. It was built by Thomas Rickaby, a potter from Newbottle. In 1840 and 1851 it employed five men and three women. By then John Blakelock had invested in the company, which was subsequently listed as Rickaby & Blakelock. By 1865 Rickaby's son had taken over the firm forming T.J. Rickaby & co. Initially it had a single kiln with two more added in 1851. The pottery produced mainly brown domestic ware including salt kits (hung by the fire to keep salt dry). Orders were passed to Rickaby's from Sunderland Garrison Pottery. Some white earthenware was also produced. On the death of Rickaby in 1900 it was transferred to Snowdon and Co. of Bridge Pottery (HER.17569). The third edition OS annotates the site 'Monkwearmouth Pottery', however Snowdon retained the Bridge Pottery name after moving to Sheepfolds. He operated initially as C.E. Snowdon & Co., later as Snowdon, Pollock and Snowdon Ltd. The works remained in production until 1941, producing decorated and domestic ceramics, sanitary wares and brownware. The pottery was largely destroyed by bombing raids during World War Two. Bomb damage is shown on a RAF aerial photograph dated 28th August 1945. The primary target would have been the Wearmouth Bridges. The 1955 1:2500 OS map shows the site as 'ruins'.
SHEEPFOLD POTTERY WAREHOUSE - By 1898 a series of workshops had been built on the timber yard west of Bridge Foundry. One of these may have housed the Sheepfold Warehouse, run by J.W. Snowball, of High Southwick Pottery. Snowball is listed as 'earthenware manufacturer' at Sheepfolds and Richmond Street in Ward's 1885-6 directory. The Sheepfold Warehouse specialised in the decoration of locally made white earthenware, and pottery and porcelain blanks from Staffordshire. The works included an enamelling kiln and finished off printed and decorated pots brought in from St. Bede's Pottery. Ralph Snowball was reputedly the last potter on the Wear who could produce the old-fashioned mottled pink-purple lustre style decoration. The Sheepfolds Warehouse probably closed soon after 1885.
Site Name
Sheepfold or Rickaby Pottery
Site Type: Specific
Pottery Works
HER Number
2752
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8; N.T. Sinclair in Milburn & Miller, (eds) 1988, Sunderland, River, Town & People, Industry to 1914, p.24; Davison, P J, 1986. Brickworks of the North East, 154; Northern Archaeological Associates, 2017, Sheepfolds, Sunderland - Archaeological Desk Based Assessment, Building Recording and Geological Assessment, pp 39-40, 47; J.T. Shaw, 1973, The Potteries of Sunderland and District; C. Barker, 1984 Sunderland Pottery
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2017
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Claire MacRae
Crossref
2289
DAY1
20
DAY2
23
District
Sunderland
Easting
3958
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
07
MONTH2
03
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
5771
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Monkwearmouth
Description
Monkwearmouth Station. On the 1st edition OS mapping this was the southern terminus of the North Eastern Railway Sunderland Branch, (SMR 2289). The station was opened in 1848 as the terminus for the Brandling Junction Railway of 1839, which was realigned at the time. The architect was Thomas Moore and it is one of the finest small monumental stations, with a massive Ionic portico. After 1879 the railway bridged the Wear and the station declined in importance. It now functions as a museum and retains its booking office of 1866 {1}. Formerly known as the Monkwearmouth railway station. Main building and side walls 1848 as branch terminus of the Brandling Junction Railway for the York, Newcastle and Berwick Railway Company. Footbridge added when line extended in 1879. Rear screen wall supported original train - shed roof, now removed. Passenger waiting room on W platform added 1879. Station closed 1981. Sandstone ashlar station building with Welsh slate roof, cast - iron footbridge with stone side steps and wrought - iron side handrails, wood and glass passenger waiting room. Classical style. EXTERIOR: Station: has 2 - storey, 3 - window centre, one - storey 2 - bay wings and two windows in projecting end pavilions with quadrant end bays. Central prostyle pedimented giant Ionic tetrastyle portico. Architraves to double panelled doors and sashes with glazing bars. Floor band. Flanking set - back sections have scroll brackets to cornices on architraves of panelled doors in inner bays and windows in outer with bracketed sills; cornice and blocking course continuing from floor band of centre. Similar sills and lugged architraves to windows in projecting end pavilions with paired Tuscan pilasters flanking front windows and fluted Greek Doric columns flanking windows in recessed quadrants with triglyph frieze entablature. Roof over centre runs back from pediment and has panelled corniced ridge chimneys. Similar chimneys on low - pitched side roofs. Footbridge and wall: Long arcaded screen wall runs N and S, curved at S alongside entrance drive, some arches have19th century wrought - iron railings. W screen wall 1848: ashlar. High screen wall with moulded cornice and plain pilasters extends the length of the W platform and abuts, at S end, part of former goods station wall. Footbridge attached to rear of station; 1879 for North Eastern Railway. Scroll brackets support cast - iron arched bridge with diagonally - braced parapets. Ashlar side steps attached to station and rear screen wall, treads repaired in rough - textured concrete, have wrought - iron handrails attached to walls. Bridge has wood steps and footpath, iron handrails boxed - in. Passenger waiting room: on W platform: walls boarded below and galzed above, with upper glazing bars, half - glazed doors, and fret carved canopy valence to Welsh slate roof added after train shed roof removed. INTERIOR of station shows booking office installed in 1866 and restored to condition of 1905; windows with panelled shutters. Curved windows in quadrant sections have lost curved glass; all windows have shutters. Some fires obscured by museum displays, one revealed in booking office. Upper floor formerly station - master's house. W waiting room has boarded dado with wooden benches attached, cast - iron fireplace with reeded pilasters and lintel below coping with central NER monogram. George Hudson, the railway entrepreneur, was chairman of the railway company which built the station and had been elected M.P. for Sunderland in 1845. (Corfe T: The Buildings of Sunderland 1814 - 1914.: Newcastle upon Tyne: 1983-: 18; Tyne and Wear County Council Museums: The Tyneside Classical Tradition: Newcastle upon Tyne: 1980-: 25; Hoole K: Railway Stations of the North East: Newton Abbot: 1985-: 82; Sinclair NT: Railways of Sunderland: Newcastle upon Tyne: 1986-: 24, 45) {3}.
SITEASS
Screen wall is on Heritage At Risk register 2008 - priority C (slow decay, no solution agreed), condition poor. The central museum was recently repaired as part of a major programme of works but the screen wall was not included and remains in a poor condition. Screen wall is listed on English Heritage's Heritage At Risk Register 2009. Condition: poor. Priority: C. Heritage At Risk 2011: Screen Wall Monkwearmouth Museum of Land Transport
The central museum building was recently repaired as part of a major programme of works but the screen wall was not included and remains in a poor condition.
Condition: Poor
Priority: C Slow decay; no solution agreed. Heritage At Risk 2013: Condition: Poor
Priority: C Slow decay; no solution agreed. Heritage At Risk 2015: Condition: Fair Priority: C Slow decay; no solution agreed. There is a maintenance backlog, resulting in decay and water ingress. A package of urgent repairs has recently been completed, and initial discussions have taken place to try and establish a maintenance regime for the site as a whole.
Site Type: Broad
Railway Transport Site
SITEDESC
Monkwearmouth Station. On the 1st edition OS mapping this was the southern terminus of the North Eastern Railway Sunderland Branch, (SMR 2289). The station was opened in 1848 as the terminus for the Brandling Junction Railway of 1839, which was realigned at the time. The architect was Thomas Moore and it is one of the finest small monumental stations, with a massive Ionic portico. After 1879 the railway bridged the Wear and the station declined in importance. It now functions as a museum and retains its booking office of 1866 {1}. Formerly known as the Monkwearmouth railway station. Main building and side walls 1848 as branch terminus of the Brandling Junction Railway for the York, Newcastle and Berwick Railway Company. Footbridge added when line extended in 1879. Rear screen wall supported original train - shed roof, now removed. Passenger waiting room on W platform added 1879. Station closed 1981. Sandstone ashlar station building with Welsh slate roof, cast - iron footbridge with stone side steps and wrought - iron side handrails, wood and glass passenger waiting room. Classical style. EXTERIOR: Station: has 2 - storey, 3 - window centre, one - storey 2 - bay wings and two windows in projecting end pavilions with quadrant end bays. Central prostyle pedimented giant Ionic tetrastyle portico. Architraves to double panelled doors and sashes with glazing bars. Floor band. Flanking set - back sections have scroll brackets to cornices on architraves of panelled doors in inner bays and windows in outer with bracketed sills; cornice and blocking course continuing from floor band of centre. Similar sills and lugged architraves to windows in projecting end pavilions with paired Tuscan pilasters flanking front windows and fluted Greek Doric columns flanking windows in recessed quadrants with triglyph frieze entablature. Roof over centre runs back from pediment and has panelled corniced ridge chimneys. Similar chimneys on low - pitched side roofs. Footbridge and wall: Long arcaded screen wall runs N and S, curved at S alongside entrance drive, some arches have19th century wrought - iron railings. W screen wall 1848: ashlar. High screen wall with moulded cornice and plain pilasters extends the length of the W platform and abuts, at S end, part of former goods station wall. Footbridge attached to rear of station; 1879 for North Eastern Railway. Scroll brackets support cast - iron arched bridge with diagonally - braced parapets. Ashlar side steps attached to station and rear screen wall, treads repaired in rough - textured concrete, have wrought - iron handrails attached to walls. Bridge has wood steps and footpath, iron handrails boxed - in. Passenger waiting room: on W platform: walls boarded below and glazed above, with upper glazing bars, half - glazed doors, and fret carved canopy valence to Welsh slate roof added after train shed roof removed. INTERIOR of station shows booking office installed in 1866 and restored to condition of 1905; windows with panelled shutters. Curved windows in quadrant sections have lost curved glass; all windows have shutters. Some fires obscured by museum displays, one revealed in booking office. Upper floor formerly station - master's house. W waiting room has boarded dado with wooden benches attached, cast - iron fireplace with reeded pilasters and lintel below coping with central NER monogram. George Hudson, the railway entrepreneur, was chairman of the railway company which built the station and had been elected M.P. for Sunderland in 1845. (Corfe T: The Buildings of Sunderland 1814 - 1914.: Newcastle upon Tyne: 1983-: 18; Tyne and Wear County Council Museums: The Tyneside Classical Tradition: Newcastle upon Tyne: 1980-: 25; Hoole K: Railway Stations of the North East: Newton Abbot: 1985-: 82; Sinclair NT: Railways of Sunderland: Newcastle upon Tyne: 1986-: 24, 45) {3}.
Site Name
Monkwearmouth Station
Site Type: Specific
Railway Station
SITE_STAT
Listed Building Grade II*
HER Number
2751
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
<< HER 2751 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
I.M. Ayris, & S. M. Linsley, 1994, A Guide to the Industrial Archaeology of Tyne and Wear, p.13.
Dept. of National Heritage, of Buildings of Special ... Interest, 920-1/11/160
T. Corfe, 1983, The Buildings of Sunderland, 1814-1914, p 18
Tyne and Wear Museums,1980, The Tyneside Classical Tradition, p 25
K. Hoole, 1985, Railway Stations of the North East, p 82
N.T. Sinclair, 1986, Railways of Sunderland, p 24 and 45
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2016
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
20
District
Sunderland
Easting
3945
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
07
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
5760
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Monkwearmouth
Description
Timber yards.
Site Type: Broad
Wood Processing Site
SITEDESC
Two Timber Yards. Probably used to store timber during construction. Replaced by housing by 1895.
Site Name
Monkwearmouth, Timber Yards
Site Type: Specific
Timber Yard
HER Number
2750
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2750 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
20
DAY2
28
District
Sunderland
Easting
3940
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
07
MONTH2
12
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
5765
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Monkwearmouth
Description
File Manufactory, on the south side of Richmond Street. This file manufactory is under construction on the first edition OS of 1859. Cook and Nicholson are listed as the proprietors after 1864 and continued manufacture until the works closed in 1987. The premises were then bought vy the Edward Thompson Group who ran the Bridge Foundry (HER 17570). The works produced a range of goods including chisels, taps, dies, hammers, files and engine room fittings, mostly for the shipbuilding and colliery markets. Following closure the works were demolished and the site became a car park. Archaeological remains may therefore survive.
Site Type: Broad
Metal Industry Site
SITEDESC
File Manufactory, on the south side of Richmond Street. This file manufactory is under construction on the first edition OS of 1859. Cook and Nicholson are listed as the proprietors after 1864 and continued manufacture until the works closed in 1987. The premises were then bought by the Edward Thompson Group who ran the Bridge Foundry (HER 17570). The works produced a range of goods including chisels, taps, dies, hammers, files and engine room fittings, mostly for the shipbuilding and colliery markets. Following closure the works were demolished and the site became a car park. Archaeological remains may therefore survive.
Site Name
Cook and Nicholson Ltd. Wear File Works
Site Type: Specific
File Works
HER Number
2749
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8; First edition 25 inch OS map, 1859; Northern Archaeological Associates, 2017, Sheepfolds, Sunderland - Archaeological Desk Based Assessment, Building Recording and Geological Assessment, p38; Cook and Nicholson File, Tyne and Wear Archives DX1418
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2017
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
20
DAY2
28
District
Sunderland
Easting
3944
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
07
MONTH2
12
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
5778
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Monkwearmouth
Description
Clark's Foundry (Iron). This was located on the south side of Stobart Street. It is shown on the 25 inch OS map, dominating the eastern half of the street. It comprised a range of buildings and yards. The central block was occupied by a smithy, suggesting the production of both wrought and cast goods. Adjoining the works to the east was a Fitting Shop, adjacent to Kingfisher Road. The furnace and boiler were located on the north side of the complex. The business seems to have been short lived. In 1871 a George Clark is listed as the proprietor of Monkwearmouth Engine Works on Bloomfields Street (HER 16292) on a list of members of the Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers. This may suggest that operations were refocused on the engine works at a relatively early date and the Stobart Road foundry was sold. The complex is much smaller on the OS second edition of 1895. A substantial part of the smithy associated with Clark's Foundry survives. The two-storey building survives to full height, constructed of rubble stone with handmade brick window and door surrounds. Fragments of related walls and structures were also visible in the vicinity.
Site Type: Broad
Metal Industry Site
SITEDESC
Clark's Foundry (Iron). This was located on the south side of Stobart Street. It is shown on the 25 inch OS map, dominating the eastern half of the street. It comprised a range of buildings and yards. The central block was occupied by a smithy, suggesting the production of both wrought and cast goods. Adjoining the works to the east was a Fitting Shop, adjacent to Kingfisher Road. The furnace and boiler were located on the north side of the complex. The business seems to have been short lived. In 1871 a George Clark is listed as the proprietor of Monkwearmouth Engine Works on Bloomfields Street (HER 16292) on a list of members of the Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers. This may suggest that operations were refocused on the engine works at a relatively early date and the Stobart Road foundry was sold. The complex is much smaller on the OS second edition of 1895. Two smoking chimneys from Clark's Foundry are shown on a lithograph of a 'Bird's eye view of Sunderland' dated 1857 (artist unknown, possibly M.W. Lambert). By 1955 the foundry building was in use as a finning factory, serving the local brewing industries.
A substantial part of the smithy associated with Clark's Foundry survives. The two-storey building survives to full height, constructed of rubble stone with handmade brick window and door surrounds. Fragments of related walls and structures were also visible in the vicinity.
Site Name
Clark's Foundry, Stobart Street
Site Type: Specific
Iron Foundry
HER Number
2748
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8; First edition 25 inch OS map, 1859; Proceedings Institution of Mechanical Engineers, 1871; Northern Archaeological Associates, 2017, Sheepfolds, Sunderland - Archaeological Desk Based Assessment, Building Recording and Geological Assessment, pp 37-38, 51; Bird's Eye View of Sunderland, 1857, artist unknown (Pictures in Print SCM TWCMS: 2003.918); 1955 1:1,2500 OS map
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2017
English, British
Class
Maritime
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
20
DAY2
07
District
Sunderland
Easting
3916
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
07
MONTH2
05
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
5768
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Monkwearmouth
Description
A shipbuilding yard is shown on the First Edition Ordnance Survey between Wreath Quay to the north and Pemberton’s Drops running from Monkwearmouth Colliery (for a time, this was known as Pemberton Colliery) to the north-east. The yard had been closed by the time that the Second Edition Ordnance Survey was produced, replaced by a secondary version of the Wreath Quay, which had been displaced from its original location to the north by a marine engineering works.
First Edition Ordnance Survey Twenty Five Inches to One Mile 1857, Sheet VIII.14
A fairly extensive yard is shown, but it would appear that much of the area is either taken up with dumping or natural irregularities in the steep valley side, demarcated by hachures. The only buildings lie on the northern edge of the site adjacent to Wreath Quay, although one small structure lying in the southern area of the yard is probably associated with Pemberton’s Drops from Monkwearmouth Colliery. It would appear that any constructional or processing apparatus within the yard was of a temporary nature.
Second Edition Ordnance Survey 1898, Sheet VIII.SW
By this time, the yard has been closed.
The stretch of stone revetment wall to the rear of the listed coal stiathes (HER 4760) is probably associated with Wreath Quays Shipyard. It clearly predates the colliery structures, which were built around 1900, and features various openings and fittings related to some form of industrial activity. Alternatively the wall may have been constructed by the River Wear Commission as part of the scheme of riverside improvement in the 18th century.
SITEASS
Current Condition
There is no remaining evidence for the shipyard. The only industrial remains within what is now designated Stadium Park (from the newly constructed Stadium of Light, which overlies the former Monkwearmouth Colliery) are the remains of one of the massive brick Monkwearmouth Coal Drops, with its impressive ovoid relieving arch, which dates to the early twentieth century.
Site Type: Broad
Marine Construction Site
SITEDESC
A shipbuilding yard is shown on the First Edition Ordnance Survey between Wreath Quay to the north and Pemberton’s Drops running from Monkwearmouth Colliery (for a time, this was known as Pemberton Colliery) to the north-east. The yard had been closed by the time that the Second Edition Ordnance Survey was produced, replaced by a secondary version of the Wreath Quay, which had been displaced from its original location to the north by a marine engineering works.
First Edition Ordnance Survey Twenty Five Inches to One Mile 1857, Sheet VIII.14
A fairly extensive yard is shown, but it would appear that much of the area is either taken up with dumping or natural irregularities in the steep valley side, demarcated by hachures. The only buildings lie on the northern edge of the site adjacent to Wreath Quay, although one small structure lying in the southern area of the yard is probably associated with Pemberton’s Drops from Monkwearmouth Colliery. It would appear that any constructional or processing apparatus within the yard was of a temporary nature.
Second Edition Ordnance Survey 1898, Sheet VIII.SW
By this time, the yard has been closed.
The stretch of stone revetment wall to the rear of the listed coal staithes (HER 4760) is probably associated with Wreath Quays Shipyard. It clearly predates the colliery structures, which were built around 1900, and features various openings and fittings related to some form of industrial activity. Alternatively the wall may have been constructed by the River Wear Commission as part of the scheme of riverside improvement in the 18th century.
Site Name
Wreath Hills Shipbuilding Yard
Site Type: Specific
Shipyard
HER Number
2747
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2747 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
The Archaeological Practice, 2002, Shipbuilding on Tyne and Wear - Prehistory to Present. Tyne & Wear Historic Environment Record; Northern Archaeological Associates, 2017, Sheepfolds, Sunderland - Archaeological Desk Based Assessment, Building Recording and Geological Assessment, pp 54-55