English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
18
District
Gateshead
Easting
422000
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ25NW
MONTH1
8
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
559660
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Whickham
Description
This quarry is shown on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan of the area.
Site Type: Broad
Mineral Extraction Site
SITEDESC
A quarry shown on OS 1st edition map.
Site Name
Whickham, Quarry
Site Type: Specific
Quarry
HER Number
3745
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 3745 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 6
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
3792
DAY1
18
DAY2
12
District
Gateshead
Easting
421890
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ25NW
MONTH1
8
MONTH2
6
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
559720
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Whickham
Description
Fugar Turnpike toll house, on the Gateshead to Wolsingham Road, is shown on 1st edition Ordnance Survey map. The trustees of the turnpike let out the gates yearly to the highest bidder. In 1864 Fugar was valued at oe176, Crookgate bar at oe 256. Mary Sinclair was the keeper at Fugar in 1841. The toll was abolished in the mid 1870s. The tollhouse was demolished in the late 1930s.
Site Type: Broad
Road Transport Site
SITEDESC
Fugar Turnpike toll house, on the Gateshead to Wolsingham Road, is shown on 1st edition Ordnance Survey map. The trustees of the turnpike let out the gates yearly to the highest bidder. In 1864 Fugar was valued at oe176, Crookgate bar at oe 256. Mary Sinclair was the keeper at Fugar in 1841. The toll was abolished in the mid 1870s. The tollhouse was demolished in the late 1930s.
Site Name
Fugar Turnpike toll house
Site Type: Specific
Toll House
HER Number
3744
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 6; Sunniside Local History Society, no date, Streetgate, www.sunnisidelocalhistorysociety.co.uk/streetgate.html
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2014
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
18
District
Gateshead
Easting
423640
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MONTH1
8
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
560010
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Whickham
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows a Sand Pit at this location
Site Type: Broad
Mineral Extraction Site
SITEDESC
A Sand Pit.
Site Name
Whickham, Sand Pit
Site Type: Specific
Sand Pit
HER Number
3743
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 3743 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 6
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
3741
DAY1
18
District
Gateshead
Easting
423960
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MONTH1
8
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
560920
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Whickham
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows this Coal Depot on the Team Colliery Wagonway (HER ref. 3741).
Site Type: Broad
Coal Mining Site
SITEDESC
A Coal Depot on the Team Colliery Wagonway, (SMR 3741).
Site Name
Whickham, Coal Depot
Site Type: Specific
Coal Depot
HER Number
3742
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 3742 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 6
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Claire MacRae
Crossref
3479,3784
DAY1
18
DAY2
07
District
Gateshead
Easting
423440
EASTING2
2791
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MAP2
NZ26SE
MONTH1
8
MONTH2
5
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
562160
NORTHING2
6016
parish
Lamesley
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Stuart 1603 to 1714
Place
Teams
Description
Team Colliery Wagonway, as shown on 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, ran from near Whitehouse Quarry (HER 3885), where it joined the Ouston and Pelaw Wagonway (HER 2222), to Team Gut Staiths (HER 3479). The first Team waggonway opened in 1670 and lead to staiths at Team, probably from a railhead near Cow Close Mill (now Close House). Owned by Sir Thomas Liddell, he planned to combine the waggonway with a complex pumping scheme to drain several hundred acres in the low-lying Team Valley and the slopes of the Ravensworth ridge that overlooked it. However, the catchment area was too small to power the pumps so a long and circuitous leat, called “The Trench” was built to tap into the Black Burn. The coal mill comprised three wheels that drove a battery of pumps in several interlinked shafts, operated by enormous timber transmission shafts and cog-and-rung gearing; this must have been the most ambitious use of water power in the coalfield. The original Team Way lay entirely west of the river and headed firmly southwards. Its earliest extension, which has left no trace, was laid to Kibblesworth and survived at least until 1750. However, it is unknown whether its route from Cow Close to the Town Fields, west of the village, was laid.
The waggonway was extended into Robin’s Wood to a terminus called “Cocksclose” sometime between 1711 and 1723 when a new colliery opened in High Park. A number of branches also developed to the east of the Team as it was easily bridged. These exploited the western face of the Gateshead ridge. The first eastern branch crossed the stream into Derwent Crook, perhaps as early as the 1680s. Coal was worked here in 1740 by Claughton who was barred from using the Team Way and who probably sought an outlet over Gateshead Fell. A branch was rebuilt from Derwent Crook and Breckenbeds to the Team Way in the later 18th century, perhaps between 1756-68, and was still open in the 1840s. This branch had once reached Low Fell, but by 1812 had been cut back to Low Moor near the Team. A quite distinct branch to the Team Way seems to have been laid for the Chow Dene sinking of 1746.
The main crossing of the Team, upstream, was already open by March 1726 and was destined to become the main line of the Team Waggonway. In 1726 it reached Aller Dene Colliery and was spreading fingers up the hillside to dispersed pits such as Chowdean, Eighton, Low Eighton and Sherriff Hill. By 1812 the line reached its greatest extent, running to the limit of the Liddell’s Lamesley estate. By this time Team staith had long been abandoned, and outlets sought on the lower Tyne. The coal mill of 1670 may have survived until 1750 when a Newcomen engine was installed at Ravensworth.
SITEASS
Staith at Team Gut
Leat from The Trench visible between Coach Road and the Western Bypass (NZ 2397 5913)
Site Type: Broad
Tramway Transport Site
SITEDESC
Team Colliery Wagonway, as shown on 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, ran from near Whitehouse Quarry (HER 3885), where it joined the Ouston and Pelaw Wagonway (HER 2222), to Team Gut Staiths (HER 3479). The first Team waggonway opened in 1670 and lead to staiths at Team, probably from a railhead near Cow Close Mill (now Close House). Owned by Sir Thomas Liddell, he planned to combine the waggonway with a complex pumping scheme to drain several hundred acres in the low-lying Team Valley and the slopes of the Ravensworth ridge that overlooked it. However, the catchment area was too small to power the pumps so a long and circuitous leat, called “The Trench” was built to tap into the Black Burn. The coal mill comprised three wheels that drove a battery of pumps in several interlinked shafts, operated by enormous timber transmission shafts and cog-and-rung gearing; this must have been the most ambitious use of water power in the coalfield. The original Team Way lay entirely west of the river and headed firmly southwards. Its earliest extension, which has left no trace, was laid to Kibblesworth and survived at least until 1750. However, it is unknown whether its route from Cow Close to the Town Fields, west of the village, was laid.
The waggonway was extended into Robin’s Wood to a terminus called “Cocksclose” sometime between 1711 and 1723 when a new colliery opened in High Park. A number of branches also developed to the east of the Team as it was easily bridged. These exploited the western face of the Gateshead ridge. The first eastern branch crossed the stream into Derwent Crook, perhaps as early as the 1680s. Coal was worked here in 1740 by Claughton who was barred from using the Team Way and who probably sought an outlet over Gateshead Fell. A branch was rebuilt from Derwent Crook and Breckenbeds to the Team Way in the later 18th century, perhaps between 1756-68, and was still open in the 1840s. This branch had once reached Low Fell, but by 1812 had been cut back to Low Moor near the Team. A quite distinct branch to the Team Way seems to have been laid for the Chow Dene sinking of 1746.
The main crossing of the Team, upstream, was already open by March 1726 and was destined to become the main line of the Team Waggonway. In 1726 it reached Aller Dene Colliery and was spreading fingers up the hillside to dispersed pits such as Chowdean, Eighton, Low Eighton and Sherriff Hill. By 1812 the line reached its greatest extent, running to the limit of the Liddell’s Lamesley estate. By this time Team staith had long been abandoned, and outlets sought on the lower Tyne. The coal mill of 1670 may have survived until 1750 when a Newcomen engine was installed at Ravensworth.
Site Name
Team (Colliery) Wagonway through Allerdene
Site Type: Specific
Wagonway
HER Number
3741
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 3741 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 6
Bennett, G, Clavering, E & Rounding, A, 1989, A Fighting Trade, Vol 1, p 65-9
G. Bennett, E. Clavering & A. Rounding, 1990, A Fighting Trade - Rail Transport in Tyne Coal 1600-1800 vol 2, p7
G. Sinclair, 1672, The Hydrostaticks, p 298-9
Publications of the Surtees Society, 197, 53, 60, 93-4, 234
F. Manders, History of Gateshead, p 132
Gateshead Library Local Studies, GPL G/CK6/14
Gateshead Library Local Studies, GPL G/Ellison C 17/1, A 35/40
S. Miller, The establishment of the R W C Bulletin of the Durham County Local History Society, 26
Northumberland Records Office, Unthank 36c
Durham Records Office, D/St/B/5/29
Waggonways on South Bank of Tyne, Durham Records Office, D/St/P17/2
Map of the Collieries on the Rivers Tyne and Wear, Gateshead Library Local Studies GPL CAB A1/10
W. Casson, 1801, Plan showing Collieries and Waggonways on the rivers Tyne and Wear, Gateshead Library Local Studies, GPL CAB A1/4
R.L. Galloway, 1898, of Coal Mining and the Coal Trade, volume 1, p 373 pp 373-4
Waggonways and Railways of North-West Durham, Durham Records Office, D/CG 6/1435
J.T.W. Bell, 1843, The Great Northern Coalfield, 2nd series
Team Way at Team Colliery Eighton, Gateshead Library Local Studies, GPL BP 1/83
A. Williams, 2004, A Fighting Trade - Review and mapping of routes; unpublished document for Tyne & Wear Heritage Environment Record; Alan Williams Archaeology, 2013, Waggonways to the South Bank of the River Tyne and to the River Wear; Turnbull, L, 2012, Railways Before George Stephenson (entry 54b) 155, 169
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2015
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
3741
DAY1
18
District
Gateshead
Easting
423100
EASTING2
2372
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MONTH1
8
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
561830
NORTHING2
6135
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Dunston
Description
On the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan only part of the line of this wagonway, from the Team Colliery line to Farnacres Colliery seems to have track down, although it would appear from othe rmap evidence that the line originally went at least as far as Cowheel, which may well have been its northern terminus.
Site Type: Broad
Tramway Transport Site
SITEDESC
A Wagonway. On the 1st edition OS mapping only part of the line, from the Team Colliery line to Farnacres Colliery seems to have track down, although it would appear from the mapping that the line originally went at least as far as Cowheel, which is recorded here as its northern terminus.
Site Name
Dunston, Wagonway
Site Type: Specific
Wagonway
HER Number
3740
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 3740 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 6
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
18
DAY2
22
District
Gateshead
Easting
423320
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MONTH1
8
MONTH2
2
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
561610
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Dunston
Description
Dunston Forge shown on Ordnance Survey 1st edition map. High Team Forge. The 1st edition Ordnance Survey mapping shows its associated mill races. In June 1735 Theodosia Crowley took leases from the Rev. Robert Thomlinson, Rector of Whickham of a corn mill on the River Team called Teams Bridge High Mill and miln ground on the north side of the mill race, and adjoining Parish Meadow and Thorney closes, and Low Teams Bridge Mill (Dunston Forge?), together with all the slitting mills, steel furnaces, other mills, forges, workhouses, messuages etc. A further steel furnace was erected at the upper Teams Mill between 1735 and 1740. The purchase of these leases was assisted by a mortgage granted by the Rev. R. Thomlinson. His loan of £5100 was still outstanding in 1756. Daniel Walter, a senior clerk from Winlaton was transferred temporarily to the new works to instruct an agent employed in the new purchase at Teams. Angerstein in 1753 found former employees of William Bertram (of Blackhall Mill HER 1017) making German shear steel for the Crowleys at Teams. Good quality iron was cemented, the blister steel drawn down, recemented and faggotted, drawn down, again recemented and faggotted, finally being made into bars of rectangular section about 4 feet long. It was charcoal heated and sold at 10d per pound. The Teams works were still being operated in 1854. The Teams forges used water power to drive the bellows, hammers and rollers - operations carried out included forging pig iron into bar iron, founding pig iron and scrap iron into cast moulds, rolling and slitting bar iron into nail rods, and steel-making. In addition at Teams, bands and hoops were cut for barrels.
SITEASS
The forge or hammer mill was the workshop where the hot metal is shaped by hammering or rolling. Early forges comprised a finery hearth and a chafery, each with its own air bellows, and tilt hammers. Brittle cast-iron pigs were converted into malleable wrought iron and forged (shaped) bars of various sizes suitable for use by blacksmiths as the basis for iron structures. Waterwheels provided the power for operating the bellows and tilt hammers. Later forges included reverberatory type metal melting furnaces, shingling and steam hammers, rolling mills, power shears etc (William Jones, 1996, Dictionary of Industrial Archaeology).
Site Type: Broad
Metal Industry Site
SITEDESC
Dunston Forge shown on OS 1st edition map. High Team Forge. The 1st edition OS mapping shows its associated mill races. In June 1735 Theodosia Crowley took leases from the Rev. Robert Thomlinson, Rector of Whickham of a corn mill on the River Team called Teams Bridge High Mill and miln ground on the north side of the mill race, and adjoining Parish Meadow and Thorney closes, and Low Teams Bridge Mill (Dunston Forge?), together with all the slitting mills, steel furnaces, other mills, forges, workhouses, messuages etc. A further steel furnace was erected at the upper Teams Mill between 1735 and 1740. The purchase of these leases was assisted by a mortgage granted by the Rev. R. Thomlinson. His loan of £5100 was still outstanding in 1756. Daniel Walter, a senior clerk from Winlaton was transferred temporarily to the new works to instruct an agent employed in the new purchase at Teams. Angerstein in 1753 found former employees of William Bertram (of Blackhall Mill HER 1017) making German shear steel for the Crowleys at Teams. Good quality iron was cemented, the blister steel drawn down, recemented and faggotted, drawn down, again recemented and faggotted, finally being made into bars of rectangular section about 4 feet long. It was charcoal heated and sold at 10d per pound. The Teams works were still being operated in 1854. The Teams forges used water power to drive the bellows, hammers and rollers - operations carried out included forging pig iron into bar iron, founding pig iron and scrap iron into cast moulds, rolling and slitting bar iron into nail rods, and steel-making. In addition at Teams, bands and hoops were cut for barrels. Low Team Forge went out of use in 1860 and became a paper mill.
Site Name
Dunston Forge (Low Team Forge)
Site Type: Specific
Forge
HER Number
3739
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 3739 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 6; K.C Barraclough, Blister Steel, the birth of an industry, Steelmaking before Bessemer, The Metals Society, London; M.W. Flinn, 1962, Men of Iron - The Crowleys in the Early Iron Industry
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2005
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
3741
DAY1
18
DAY2
30
District
Gateshead
Easting
423440
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MONTH1
8
MONTH2
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
561660
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Dunston
Description
Farnacres Colliery was served by the Team Colliery Wagonway (SMR 3741). Also called Beams Wheels Pit. Sinking began in 1840. Owned by Hogg, Atherton and Snowdon. On 23 October 1840 5 people drowned in the pit.
Site Type: Broad
Coal Mining Site
SITEDESC
Farnacres Colliery was served by the Team Colliery Wagonway (SMR 3741). Also called Beams Wheels Pit. Sinking began in 1840. Owned by Hogg, Atherton and Snowdon. On 23 October 1840 5 people drowned in the pit.
Site Name
Farnacres Colliery (Beams Wheels Pit)
Site Type: Specific
Colliery
HER Number
3738
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 3738 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 6; http://www.dmm.org.uk
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2005
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
3741
DAY1
18
District
Gateshead
Easting
423520
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MONTH1
8
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
561680
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Dunston
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows a Coal Depot on the Team Colliery Wagonway (HER ref. 3741).
Site Type: Broad
Coal Mining Site
SITEDESC
A Coal Depot on the Team Colliery Wagonway (SMR 3741).
Site Name
Dunston, Coal Depot
Site Type: Specific
Coal Depot
HER Number
3737
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 3737 >>
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
4330
DAY1
18
District
Gateshead
Easting
423600
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MONTH1
8
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
561800
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Dunston
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows Low Team Bridge, over the River Team, on the road from Swalwell to Gateshead.
Site Type: Broad
Road Transport Site
SITEDESC
Low Team Bridge, over the River Team. On the road from Swalwell to Gateshead.
Site Name
Low Team Bridge
Site Type: Specific
Road Bridge
HER Number
3736
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 3736 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 6
YEAR1
1994