English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
11
District
Gateshead
Easting
418890
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ16SE
MONTH1
8
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563760
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Blaydon
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows a Lampblack Works at this location.
Site Type: Broad
Industrial Building
SITEDESC
Lampblack Works.
Site Name
Blaydon, Lampblack Works
Site Type: Specific
Works
HER Number
3453
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 3453 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 2
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
11
DAY2
13
District
Gateshead
Easting
418890
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ16SE
MONTH1
8
MONTH2
6
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563690
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Blaydon
Description
Sanitary Pipe Works shown on the OS 1st edition {1}. This site is now used as a depot. The rectangular down draft kilns still remain in situ {2}. Harriman’s Fireclay works grew to become a large and important manufactory of salt-glazed sanitary pipes and white glazed enamel ware on Tyneside, it being one of the first firms to cater for the demands of local government on Tyneside for better sanitation, and continued to supply this need for 120 years.
In 1845, Harriman went into partnership with Mr W Dodds of Lemington to set up a new firebrick works at Blaydon Haugh, with river frontage and its own siding onto the North Eastern Railway. Fireclay was supplied by Stella Coal Company from 1847-1868 and taken to the works by wherries on the river, or wagons on the railway. From 1857-1862 fireclay was also obtained from Whickham Colliery. In 1858, the works gave preference to manufacture of salt-glazed ware and firebricks were of secondary importance.
In 1881, the old firm of Harriman and Company was wound up and a new company formed. The Blaydon works comprised moulding, engine and boiler houses; six drying flats; joiners and smiths workshops; press room and clay room; sand and salt storage sheds; a five-room dwelling house and a warehouse; offices and stabling; 16 old kilns and two new kilns. The plant and machinery comprised a vertical steam engine, horizontal steam engine, pipe machine, small upright boiler and engine, pug mill and grinding mill with screen, brick making machine, three hand-operated brick presses, wagons and trucks.
In 1883, the company leased the firebrick works next to Eltringham Coal Company and secured a direct source of fireclay. In 1889, two muffle kilns were built and a new sink moulding and drying flat was made at Blaydon, for the increased demand for white glazed sinks. The lease was ended in 1891 and in 1892 the works at Blaydon were extended. Four new downdraught kilns were built and other extensions made in 1894 when the neighbouring old bottleworks site was acquired. A new moulding shop, dipping shed, warehouse, mechanics shop and brick press shed were erected.
In 1899, a circular kiln was demolished and an oblong downdraught kiln built in its place to burn glazed enamel bricks. After a lean period in World War I, the works returned to profit and kilns and buildings were repaired. Two Ruarden pipe machines and a horizontal pug mill with mixer were bought, as well as a new steam engine. In 1932, a new moulding, glazing, and packing shed was built. And in 1934, a new de-airing plant was installed. In 1933 there were ten downdraught kilns making salt-glazed ware (five circular and five rectangular); the circular ones were replaced over the next 20 years by rectangular ones.
In 1953, the adjoining Blacking Factory site was acquired. Three large circular downdraught kilns were built in 1966, 1968 and 1972, their flues connected to a 120ft high chimney built in 1966. The underground flues were periodically cleaned out, their walls being stripped of their deposits of rock salt. The kilns changed over from coal to oil firing in 1962.
1847-1975 (appears to be the on same site as brickworks 1875, Graham’s yard)
Source: Davison, P J, 1986. Brickworks of the North East, 133, site 26, 139-44
Site Type: Broad
Pottery Manufacturing Site
SITEDESC
Sanitary Pipe Works shown on the OS 1st edition {1}. This site is now used as a depot. The rectangular down draft kilns still remain in situ {2}. Harriman’s Fireclay works grew to become a large and important manufactory of salt-glazed sanitary pipes and white glazed enamel ware on Tyneside, it being one of the first firms to cater for the demands of local government on Tyneside for better sanitation, and continued to supply this need for 120 years. In 1845, Harriman went into partnership with Mr W Dodds of Lemington to set up a new firebrick works at Blaydon Haugh, with river frontage and its own siding onto the North Eastern Railway. Fireclay was supplied by Stella Coal Company from 1847-1868 and taken to the works by wherries on the river, or wagons on the railway. From 1857-1862 fireclay was also obtained from Whickham Colliery. In 1858, the works gave preference to manufacture of salt-glazed ware and firebricks were of secondary importance. In 1881, the old firm of Harriman and Company was wound up and a new company formed. The Blaydon works comprised moulding, engine and boiler houses; six drying flats; joiners and smiths workshops; press room and clay room; sand and salt storage sheds; a five-room dwelling house and a warehouse; offices and stabling; 16 old kilns and two new kilns. The plant and machinery comprised a vertical steam engine, horizontal steam engine, pipe machine, small upright boiler and engine, pug mill and grinding mill with screen, brick making machine, three hand-operated brick presses, wagons and trucks.
In 1883, the company leased the firebrick works next to Eltringham Coal Company and secured a direct source of fireclay. In 1889, two muffle kilns were built and a new sink moulding and drying flat was made at Blaydon, for the increased demand for white glazed sinks. The lease was ended in 1891 and in 1892 the works at Blaydon were extended. Four new downdraught kilns were built and other extensions made in 1894 when the neighbouring old bottleworks site was acquired. A new moulding shop, dipping shed, warehouse, mechanics shop and brick press shed were erected.
In 1899, a circular kiln was demolished and an oblong downdraught kiln built in its place to burn glazed enamel bricks. After a lean period in World War I, the works returned to profit and kilns and buildings were repaired. Two Ruarden pipe machines and a horizontal pug mill with mixer were bought, as well as a new steam engine. In 1932, a new moulding, glazing, and packing shed was built. And in 1934, a new de-airing plant was installed. In 1933 there were ten downdraught kilns making salt-glazed ware (five circular and five rectangular); the circular ones were replaced over the next 20 years by rectangular ones.
In 1953, the adjoining Blacking Factory site was acquired. Three large circular downdraught kilns were built in 1966, 1968 and 1972, their flues connected to a 120ft high chimney built in 1966. The underground flues were periodically cleaned out, their walls being stripped of their deposits of rock salt. The kilns changed over from coal to oil firing in 1962.
1847-1975 (appears to be the on same site as brickworks 1875, Graham’s yard)
Source: Davison, P J, 1986. Brickworks of the North East, 133, site 26, 139-44
Site Name
Sanitary Pipe Works/Harriman's Pipe Works
Site Type: Specific
Pottery Works
HER Number
3452
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 3452 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 2
Tyne and Wear Industrial Monuments Trust, Blaydon and Winlaton Plan; papers for William Harriman & Co, brick and sanitary pipe mfrs, Blaydon: records c1890-1978, Tyne and Wear Archives DX952; William Whelan, 1856, History, Topography and Directory of the County Palatine of Durham
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2001
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
11
DAY2
25
District
Gateshead
Easting
418850
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ16SE
MONTH1
8
MONTH2
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563630
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Blaydon
Description
The Pale Bottle Works. There were two glass bottle manufacturers in Blaydon in 1856. North Durham Bottle Company, J Heron Manson was the managing partner. Blaydon Bottle Works of Anthony Thatcher, Henry Poole was manager.
Site Type: Broad
Glassmaking Site
SITEDESC
The Pale Bottle Works. There were two glass bottle manufacturers in Blaydon in 1856. North Durham Bottle Company, J Heron Manson was the managing partner. Blaydon Bottle Works of Anthony Thatcher, Henry Poole was manager.
Site Name
Pale Bottle Works
Site Type: Specific
Bottle Works
HER Number
3451
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 3451 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 2; William Whelan, 1856, History, Topography and Directory of the County Palatine of Durham
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2014
English, British
Class
Water Supply and Drainage
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
11
District
Gateshead
Easting
418870
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ16SE
MONTH1
8
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563550
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Blaydon
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows a Reservoir at this location.
Site Type: Broad
Water Storage Site
SITEDESC
A Reservoir.
Site Name
Blaydon, Reservoir
Site Type: Specific
Reservoir
HER Number
3450
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 3450 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 2
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
11
DAY2
25
District
Gateshead
Easting
418790
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ16SE
MONTH1
8
MONTH2
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563570
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Blaydon
Description
Chemical Works. This was the Blaydon Manure and Alkali Company works. Horse and cow manure was processed to produce potash, soda and phosphorus. This area, where the river turns north for a short distance, was known as 'Blaydon Spike'. The name is said to date back to 1856 when captured Russian guns were brought here after the Crimean War to be spiked (the vent plugged up). Blaydon Chemical Company (and prepared bone manure) had their office at 13 Half Moon Court, Bigg Market. Theur agent was Anthony Harrison.
Site Type: Broad
Chemical Industry Site
SITEDESC
Chemical Works. This was the Blaydon Manure and Alkali Company works. Horse and cow manure was processed to produce potash, soda and phosphorus. This area, where the river turns north for a short distance, was known as 'Blaydon Spike'. The name is said to date back to 1856 when captured Russian guns were brought here after the Crimean War to be spiked (the vent plugged up). Blaydon Chemical Company (and prepared bone manure) had their office at 13 Half Moon Court, Bigg Market. Their agent was Anthony Harrison.
Site Name
Blaydon, Chemical Works
Site Type: Specific
Chemical Works
HER Number
3449
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 3449 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 2; N.G. Rippeth, 1990, Blaydon in old picture postcards; William Whelan, 1856, History, Topography and Directory of the County Palatine of Durham
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2014
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
11
District
Gateshead
Easting
418730
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ16SE
MONTH1
8
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563530
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Blaydon
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows a Bottle Works at this location.
Site Type: Broad
Glassmaking Site
SITEDESC
Bottle Works.
Site Name
Blaydon, Bottle Works
Site Type: Specific
Bottle Works
HER Number
3448
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 3448 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 2
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Claire MacRae
Crossref
3292,3480
DAY1
11
DAY2
17
District
Gateshead
Easting
424690
EASTING2
1869
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ16SE
MAP2
NZ26SW
MONTH1
8
MONTH2
3
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
563030
NORTHING2
6347
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Gateshead
Description
The Newcastle and Carlisle Railway, Redheugh Branch ran from the eastern end of the Newcastle and Carlisle Railway at Blaydon (HER 3292) to Redheugh Station (HER 3480).The Newcastle and Carlisle Railway, which opened in 1837, was the first passenger railway to provide, at the outset, passenger facilities at intermediate stations. The Brandling Junction Railway Company built a line from Redheugh Station to Greenesfield Station (HER 4374), which was completed in 1839, a rope-hauled incline carrying coal and passengers. From here locomotives drew the wagons to Oakwellgate Station (HER 4368) along a viaduct over High Street and Oakwellgate, necessitating Oakwellgate Station to be constructed on a platform raised 20 feet above street level. Part of the Redheugh Branch route was abandoned following the completion of improved alignments and diversions built in the first decade of the 20th century. The remainder survives as a goods line. The incline, engine house and chimney are shown on Hair's view of Newcastle upon Tyne (1844). Thomas Bell's plan (no date) and the first edition OS plan show the course of the incline.
Site Type: Broad
Railway Transport Site
SITEDESC
The Newcastle and Carlisle Railway, Redheugh Branch ran from the eastern end of the Newcastle and Carlisle Railway at Blaydon (HER 3292) to Redheugh Station (HER 3480).The Newcastle and Carlisle Railway, which opened in 1837, was the first passenger railway to provide, at the outset, passenger facilities at intermediate stations. The Brandling Junction Railway Company, with the co-operation of the Newcastle and Carlisle Railway, then built a line from Redheugh Station to Greenesfield Station (HER 4374), which was completed in 1839, a rope-hauled incline up a 1 in 23 slope with a 60 horsepower stationary engine at Greenesfield, carrying coal and passengers. The engine house, a two-storey building with arch-headed windows and its squat chimney survived until 1870. The bridge which carried the incline across Riversdale Road still survives today. From Greenesfield, locomotives drew the wagons to Oakwellgate Station (HER 4368) along a viaduct over High Street and Oakwellgate, necessitating Oakwellgate Station to be constructed on a platform raised 20 feet above street level. Part of the Redheugh Branch route was abandoned following the completion of improved alignments and diversions built in the first decade of the 20th century. The remainder survives as a goods line. The incline, engine house and chimney are shown on Hair's view of Newcastle upon Tyne (1844). Thomas Bell's plan (no date) and the first edition OS plan show the course of the incline. The cutting was some 24m wide.
Site Name
Newcastle and Carlisle Railway, Redheugh Branch
Site Type: Specific
Railway
HER Number
3447
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 3447 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 2
Tyne and Wear Industrial Monuments Trust, 1978, Dunston and Swalwell Plan Area; Manders, 1973, A History of Gateshead, p 113; Scott, 1839, Scott's Railway Companion, describing all the scenery on and contiguous to the Newcastle and Carlisle Railway; Northern Counties Archaeological Services, 2001, Riverview: Greenesfield, Gateshead, Cultural Heritage and Archaeology Statement in WSP Environmental Ltd. Environmental Statement; Thomas Bell n.d. TWAS DT/BEL/2/167
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2014
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
3442
DAY1
11
District
Gateshead
Easting
419240
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ16SE
MONTH1
8
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563210
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Blaydon
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows an Engine Shed on the Blaydon Main Wagonway (HER ref. 3442).
Site Type: Broad
Railway Transport Site
SITEDESC
An Engine Shed on the Blaydon Main Wagonway, (SMR 3442).
Site Name
Blaydon, Engine Shed
Site Type: Specific
Engine Shed
HER Number
3446
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 3446 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 2
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
11
District
Gateshead
Easting
418790
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ16SE
MONTH1
8
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563120
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Blaydon
Description
An Old Coal Pit, Windlass and Shaft are shown on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan, suggesting that they were out of use by 1896.
Site Type: Broad
Coal Mining Site
SITEDESC
An Old Coal Pit, Windlass and Shaft shown on the 1st edition OS mapping.
Site Name
Blaydon, Coal Workings
Site Type: Specific
Colliery
HER Number
3445
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 3445 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 2
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
11
District
Gateshead
Easting
418780
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ16SE
MONTH1
8
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563010
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Blaydon
Description
This Drift Mine is marked as ‘Old’ on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan, so was presumably out of use by 1856.
Site Type: Broad
Coal Mining Site
SITEDESC
A Drift Mine, marked as Old on the 1st edition OS mapping, so was out of use by 1856.
Site Name
Blaydon, Drift
Site Type: Specific
Coal Workings
HER Number
3444
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 3444 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 2
YEAR1
1994