Clark's Foundry (Iron). This was located on the south side of Stobart Street. It is shown on the 25 inch OS map, dominating the eastern half of the street. It comprised a range of buildings and yards. The central block was occupied by a smithy, suggesting the production of both wrought and cast goods. Adjoining the works to the east was a Fitting Shop, adjacent to Kingfisher Road. The furnace and boiler were located on the north side of the complex. The business seems to have been short lived. In 1871 a George Clark is listed as the proprietor of Monkwearmouth Engine Works on Bloomfields Street (HER 16292) on a list of members of the Institute of Mining and Mechanical Engineers. This may suggest that operations were refocused on the engine works at a relatively early date and the Stobart Road foundry was sold. The complex is much smaller on the OS second edition of 1895. Two smoking chimneys from Clark's Foundry are shown on a lithograph of a 'Bird's eye view of Sunderland' dated 1857 (artist unknown, possibly M.W. Lambert). By 1955 the foundry building was in use as a finning factory, serving the local brewing industries.
A substantial part of the smithy associated with Clark's Foundry survives. The two-storey building survives to full height, constructed of rubble stone with handmade brick window and door surrounds. Fragments of related walls and structures were also visible in the vicinity.

A shipbuilding yard is shown on the First Edition Ordnance Survey between Wreath Quay to the north and Pemberton’s Drops running from Monkwearmouth Colliery (for a time, this was known as Pemberton Colliery) to the north-east. The yard had been closed by the time that the Second Edition Ordnance Survey was produced, replaced by a secondary version of the Wreath Quay, which had been displaced from its original location to the north by a marine engineering works.
First Edition Ordnance Survey Twenty Five Inches to One Mile 1857, Sheet VIII.14
A fairly extensive yard is shown, but it would appear that much of the area is either taken up with dumping or natural irregularities in the steep valley side, demarcated by hachures. The only buildings lie on the northern edge of the site adjacent to Wreath Quay, although one small structure lying in the southern area of the yard is probably associated with Pemberton’s Drops from Monkwearmouth Colliery. It would appear that any constructional or processing apparatus within the yard was of a temporary nature.
Second Edition Ordnance Survey 1898, Sheet VIII.SW
By this time, the yard has been closed.
The stretch of stone revetment wall to the rear of the listed coal staithes (HER 4760) is probably associated with Wreath Quays Shipyard. It clearly predates the colliery structures, which were built around 1900, and features various openings and fittings related to some form of industrial activity. Alternatively the wall may have been constructed by the River Wear Commission as part of the scheme of riverside improvement in the 18th century.

Pemberton's Drops. Loaded coal from Monkwearmouth Colliery (HER 2743) via wagonway (HER 2745). All that remains is a section of brick revetment wall built into the cliff face. One of the chutes is clearly visible.

A Wagonway, linking Monkwearmouth Colliery to Pembertons Drops, SMR 2743 and 2746 respectively.

Shipbuilding Yard, including a Timber Yard and Smithy. Two small shipyards are shown on the First Edition Ordnance Survey to the south of Raven’s Wheel on the Monkwearmouth side of the River Wear. Both yards incorporate narrow defiles running up the valley slope. No structures or other facilities are shown within the defiles, although cranes and smithies lie adjacent. It is uncertain whether the timber yards to the south were a part of the shipyards; there is no indication to suppose that they were. The shipyards had been closed by the time of the Second Edition Survey, as had the timber yards.
One of Thomas Hair’s views of Collieries in the North East shows the southern of the two shipyards in front of Pemberton Main (later Monkwearmouth) Colliery (Hair 1844, fp 43). It emphasises the simplicity of timber construction yards.
Map Evidence
First Edition Twenty Five Inches to One Mile Ordnance Surve1857, Sheet VIII.10
Two very discrete yards lie along the Monkwearmouth strand of the Wear facing the Deptford shore and south of Raven’s Wheel. Both yards incorporate defiles running at right angles up the valley side from the river. No structures or fixtures lie within the defiles, but cranes and smithies lie adjacent. Timber yards lying to the south may have supplied the yards.
Second Edition Six Inches Ordnance Survey 1898, Sheet VIII.SW
By this time the yards have closed. The northerly yard, however, has been utilised as a boat yard with a launchway into the river. {3}
Raven's Wheel Shipyard was operated by Arrow Leithead in 1847.

Monkwearmouth Colliery, later known as Wearmouth Colliery. The OS 1st edition mapping shows the colliery linked to Pembertons Drops by a wagonway (HER 2746 and 2745). When it started producing coal in 1835 this was the deepest mine in the world. Sunk from 1826 to 1834 to a depth of 1578ft, Wearmouth was one of the pioneering deep mines which penetrated the magnesian limestone strata of the area. It took nine years to sink the shaft. There were 4 pits - A,B,C and D pits, sunk in 1826,1841,1906 and 1955. Owners were Messrs Thompson, Pemberton & Co (1826), Messrs Bell, Stobbart and Fenwick (1847), Bell etc. (1850s), Wearmouth Coal Co Ltd (1880s), 1947 National Coal Board, 1986 British Coal. On 7 September 1862, 5 miners were killed when a shaft collapsed. On 25 May 1869, an explosion killed 7. In 1914 it was the only pit in the County Borough and was still in operation in 1985 {2}. Relatively modern colliery buildings were still in use in 1978. Coal sometimes loaded into colliers at Wreath Quay using conveyors {3}. Several important 19th century features survived including two stone-built horizontal winding engine houses, a heapstead, workshop range and offices {4}. It was probably the last mine to have a single-cylinder vertical winding engine installed (1868). Steam was used at the mine until the 1950s. A number of reconstructions in the 1960s altered the appearance of the site but there were still two brick built engine houses surviving on the surface, although they contained electric winders {5}. Closed 24 November 1993. In October 1994 the winding towers were demolished. Now the site of the Stadium of Light. There is a giant miners lamp and winding wheel memorial at the rear at the stadium facing the river, and figures called the "men of steel" to represent the heavy industries of Sunderland - mining and shipbuilding.

Rope Walk.

Smithy.

Raven's Wheel. This site recorded on the basis of its name and close proximity to the river, suggesting that it may have been a water wheel or perhaps some sort of lifting gear for loading ships.

Stone and Timber Yard. Associated with the shipyards, this included saw pits, a smithy and boiler for preparing wood for ship building.