Historic Ordnance Survey Map evidence shows the location of a Battery on the coast at the north end of Roker Rocks.
Site Type: Broad
Battery
SITEDESC
Site of Battery, shown on 1st edition Ordnance Survey map on the coast at the north end of Roker Rocks. Not to be confused with Roker Battery (HER 86) which is 142m to the south. Abb's Battery was manned during WW1 with two 4.7" QF IV guns
Site Name
Roker, Abb's Battery
Site Type: Specific
Battery
HER Number
2706
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2706 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
19
District
Sunderland
Easting
440360
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ45NW
MONTH1
7
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
559710
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Fulwell
Description
This quarry is marked as ‘Old’ on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan, so was out of use by 1855.
Site Type: Broad
Mineral Extraction Site
SITEDESC
Quarry, marked as Old on the 1st edition OS mapping, so was out of use by 1855.
Site Name
Fulwell, Quarry
Site Type: Specific
Quarry
HER Number
2705
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2705 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
19
District
Sunderland
Easting
440280
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ45NW
MONTH1
7
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
559830
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Fulwell
Description
This Limestone Quarry is marked as ‘Old’ on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan, so was out of use by 1855.
Site Type: Broad
Mineral Extraction Site
SITEDESC
Limestone Quarry, marked as Old on the 1st edition OS mapping, so this was out of use by 1855.
Site Name
Fulwell, Limestone Quarry
Site Type: Specific
Limestone Quarry
HER Number
2704
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2704 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
19
District
Sunderland
Easting
439920
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
7
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
559780
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Fulwell
Description
Two limestone quarries are marked as ‘Old’ on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan, so were out of use by 1855.
Site Type: Broad
Mineral Extraction Site
SITEDESC
Two limestone quarries, marked as Old on the 1st edition OS mapping, so these were out of use by 1855.
Site Name
Fulwell, Limestone Quarries
Site Type: Specific
Limestone Quarry
HER Number
2703
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2703 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
2289
DAY1
19
District
Sunderland
Easting
439430
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
7
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
559490
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Fulwell
Description
Lime Depot on the North Eastern Railway, Sunderland Branch (HER ref. 2289).
Site Type: Broad
Mineral Depot
SITEDESC
Lime Depot on the North Eastern Railway, Sunderland Branch, SMR 2289.
Site Name
Fulwell, Lime Depot
Site Type: Specific
Mineral Depot
HER Number
2702
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2702 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
19
District
Sunderland
Easting
439710
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
7
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
559610
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Fulwell
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows a Smithy at this location in Fulwell.
SITEASS
The smithy or forge was the workplace of a blacksmith or ironsmith, where iron was worked into useful objects such as weapons, armour in the Middle Ages and locks, hinges, spades and tools, iron horseshoes (machine-made horseshoes were introduced from USA in 1870s), grilles, gates, railings, metal parts for locomotives, coaches, waggons and carts. The blacksmith's raw material was wrought iron in bar form. The smithy comprised a hearth, bellows, anvil and bosh (quenching trough). A small forge had hand-operated bellows, a large industrial forge water-powered bellows, power hammer and shears (William Jones, 1996, Dictionary of Industrial Archaeology).
Site Type: Broad
Metal Industry Site
SITEDESC
Smithy, Fulwell.
Site Name
Fulwell, Smithy
Site Type: Specific
Blacksmiths Workshop
HER Number
2701
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2701 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
19
District
Sunderland
Easting
439450
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
7
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
558150
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Monkwearmouth
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows a Ropery and Rope Walk at this location.
Site Type: Broad
Rope Manufacturing Site
SITEDESC
Ropery and Rope Walk.
Site Name
Monkwearmouth, Ropery
Site Type: Specific
Ropery
HER Number
2700
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2700 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
19
District
Sunderland
Easting
438990
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
7
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
558450
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Monkwearmouth
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows a Windmill (Corn) at this location.
Site Type: Broad
Power Generation Site
SITEDESC
Windmill (Corn).
Site Name
Monkwearmouth, Windmill
Site Type: Specific
Windmill
HER Number
2699
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2699 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
19
District
Sunderland
Easting
438930
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
7
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
558520
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Monkwearmouth
Description
A Brickfield, with what appears to be a clay pit, is shown on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan.
Site Type: Broad
Brick and Tilemaking Site
SITEDESC
Brickfield, with what appears, on the 1st edition OS mapping, to be a clay pit. 1879, and Watson's Brickyard, Wayman Street, 1873.
Site Name
Potts Brickyard, Carley Place
Site Type: Specific
Brickfield
HER Number
2698
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2698 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
19
DAY2
31
District
Sunderland
Easting
439190
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MATERIAL
Magnesian Limestone
MONTH1
7
MONTH2
5
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
559460
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Fulwell
Description
This is the most complete windmill in the region. Built in 1821 on the site of a previous mill, it remained in use until 1949 although it had lost its sails long before then. A gas engine installed c.1900 powered the stones until closure. The base of the mill is cylindrical, the large diameter set into sloping ground. The base occupies two floors and supports a tapering 4-storey tower of smaller diameter so that the base also forms a reefing stage. The base and tower, both of attractively weathered magnesian limestone are a special possibly unique feature being an extension of the podium design at Cleadon. Internally the first floor contains a dressing machine and a small alcove office with fireplace. The second floor houses the underdrives to two pairs of millstones with 3 ball governor operating on both pairs of stones together with a free standing belt driven pearl barley machine. The third floor has 2 pairs of millstones, the fourth is empty and fifth gives access to the cap. The cap is hemispherical; its framing supports an iron windshaft with wooden brake wheel, iron cross-end and 4 sails. Some external restoration was undertaken by Sunderland Corporation in the 1950s and since the early 1980s Tyne and Wear Industrial Monuments Trust has stabilised the structure, reintroduced the floor levels and staircasing, reopened some blocked openings, installed new doors and windows, renewed the timber sail framework and reconstructed a non-operational fantail. LISTED GRADE 2
SITEASS
Tower windmill, c 1821, restored 1951, 1987 and 2001. The site has been closed since 2011 and parts of the sails and fantail were removed in 2012 due to safety concerns. The timber domes cap was allowing water ingress and has recently been replaced with a temporary flat roof. Discussions are underway about a permanent repair scheme. The site has recently been leased to a community organisation. Listed as being in "poor" condition. Priority D Monument on the English Heritage Register of Buildings at Risk 2015, priority D - slow decay; solution agreed but not yet implemented.
Site Type: Broad
Power Generation Site
SITEDESC
This is the most complete windmill in the region and is currently [1995] in process of restoration by Tyne and Wear Industrial Monuments Trust [due to open to public 2001]. Built in 1821 on the site of a previous mill, it remained in use until 1949 although it had lost its sails long before then. A gas engine installed c1900 powered the stones until closure. Some external restoration was undertaken by Sunderland Corporation in the 1950s. Since the early 1980s the Trust has stabilised the structure, reintroduced the floor levels and staircasing, reopened some blocked openings, installed new doors and windows, renewed the timber sail framework and reconstructed a non-operational fantail. The base of the mill is cylindrical, the large diameter set into sloping ground. The base occupies two floors and it supports a tapering 4-storey tower of smaller diameter so that the base also forms a reefing stage. The cap is hemispherical; its framing supports an iron windshaft with wooden brake wheel, iron cross-end and 4 sails. The base and tower, both of attractively weathered magnesian limestone are a special possibly unique feature being an extension of the podium design at Cleadon. Internally the first floor contains a dressing machine and a small alcove office with fireplace. The second floor houses the underdrives to two pairs of millstones with 3 ball governor operating on both pairs of stones together with a free standing belt driven pearl barley machine. The third floor has 2 pairs of millstones, the fourth is empty and fifth gives access to the cap. The striking and fantail gears are missing {2}.
Site Name
Fulwell Windmill
Site Type: Specific
Windmill
SITE_STAT
Listed Building Grade II*
HER Number
2697
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 2697 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 8
J.K. Major, Fulwell Windmill, Sunderland
I. Ayris & S.M. Linsley, 1995, A Guide to the Industrial Archaeology of Tyne and Wear p 56
I. Ayris, 1996, Fulwell Windmill, Sunderland report
R.J. Brown, 1976, Windmills of England,p 222
1986, Windmill to earn its corn, Journal, 16 September 1986
1985, Sailing again, Evening Chronicle, Friday 3 May, 1985
H D. Hutt (ed), North East Mills Group, 1998, Mills - Old, New & Reused leaflet