A sandstone head, found in Linnel Drive, Denton (rather than Lemington), was presented to the Museum of Antiquities. It is c. 190 mm max. high x c. 150 mm wide, x c. 120 mm front to back, and parts of it are missing or damaged. The face has a "brutal mouth", thick lips, the hint of a moustache, and a flat nose. The eyes are incised ovals without pupils, "the sightless eyes of death". The forehead protrudes, and the top of the head is flat except where the forehead rises above the left eye, - a horn of goat or ram? Perhaps one of the horned stone heads of a native Celtic deity, of the Romano-British period, found especially in the region of Hadrian's Wall.

Cartington's rental of Newburn manor in 1499/1500 records that Alianora Lady Ogle held not only the hamlet of Dewlawe, but also "The West Milne", rent 462 8d, repairs allowed to her 6s 8d. Another corn mill was held by Christopher Errington. Were both these mills, or at least the first, at Dewley? It is not uneqivocably clear as set out in the NCH. Were any of the other references to mills at Newburn applicable to Dewley? Assuming a mill did exist here, can it be equated with the 19th century Throckley Mill (corn) shown on the 1st ed. OS, named Dewley Mill on later maps (above grid ref)? A dam and mill race once existed to the west, now destroyed by opencasting. Dated C15th.

It must be supposed that the village of Newburn was a direct successor of the Anglo-Saxon burgh, the NCH suggesting that the demotion occurred some time in the C13. In spite of that, it was the centre of a parish and with 14 taxpayers in 1296, 19 in 1312, one of the largest villages in the area. In 1332 the manor of Newburn, of which the village was part, was granted to Henry Percy, second lord of Alnwick, in whose family it remained. The village still retains some of its original plan though few of its early buildings. It has a 2-row plan with green on an east-west axis, immediately west of the burn. A row of tofts and crofts fronting the river at the south- west end of the village appears to be a later addition. Dated C13th.

This rectilinear enclosure measuring approximately 100m by 120m was identified as cropmarks from aerial photography {1}. The large enclosure was not completely visible and measured 136m by 112m with fairly sharply angled corners. A ditch attached to its north-west corner suggested that there may a complex of enclosures. The large enclosure appeared to be superimposed on a range of at least four other conjoined rectilinear enclosures, all incompletely visible, possibly part of a field system, which collectively extended over 270m.
Evidence for domestic activity was found during an archaeological evaluation by ASUD in 2015. A small pit was also discovered with evidence of burning which may reflect some form of industrial activity. Early prehistoric flints were also found {6}.
The site was excavated by Headland Archaeology in 2019. Area 1 contained a series of large enclosures probably related to agricultural activities in the Iron Age/Romano British period {7}.
Area 2 contained a large sub-square enclosure with at least 34 roundhouses, multiple sub-enclosures, boundary ditches, gullies, pits and post-holes. Further roundhouses and enclosures were located outside of the main enclosure. The artefact assemblage was relatively small, comprising 45 sherds of prehistoric pottery and two sherds of Roman pottery, 179 lithics, three stone rubbers and a spindle whorl.

Eastern part of a rectilinear ditched enclosure. Three sides are either wholly or partially visible. Defined by pale soilmarks, possibly the remains of a bank. Two visible corners are fairly sharply angled. The enclosure has one dimension of 50m. Probably Post Medieval.

The place name Throckley is thought to derive from the old English "Throca-hlaw" meaning the tumulus of Throca. The first extant documentary reference is 1161 when the dreng (a pre-Conquest term) of Throckley paid 3 marks to the exchequer. A member of the Saxon burgh, later medieval manor, of Newburn. The lands of Throckley remained in the hands of Robert of Throckley and his descendants throughout the thirteenth century. Six taxpayers in 1296, 8 in 1312. In 1310 a Thomas of Throckley held land there. There were a number of freeholds in Throckley, mostly held by Hexham Priory, known as "the Wall, Schukeslade, Throkerge, Morige, Deulaw-rige, Bradeschawe, Bakestanshaw, Greenis flat juxta le Law, Schele flat, Wallynges and le Brade gate". In 1499-1500 the Earl of Northumberland held the manor of Newburn and the vill of "Throcklawe" was rented by a John Cartington. Cartington's daughter married Sir Edward Radcliffe around 1502 and so Throckley passed to the Radcliffes, and so to Greenwich Hospital, which in 1777 bought the freeholds scattered in the ancient enclosures of the township. The village originally lay south of the Wall and Hexham Road, on an east-west axis. It appears to have been a 2-row green village, reached from the north by the modern Hill House Road. Its plan shows clearly on a map of 1781, and it still looked fairly substantial in 1847. By the 1st edition OS the only surviving dwellings were 2 cottages in the north row, and the eastern third of the village had become a quarry and a wood. Dated C12th.

The site of Throckley Fell was almost entirely west of grid line (4)16, and mostly north of the Throckley bypass (A 69). Slightly more than half was within the modern boundary of Northumberland. It comprised of 600 acres of common moor. At the beginning of the C15 Throckley passed by marriage to the Radcliffes of Dilston and Derwentwater, who therefore became lords of the manor, and from them it went to Greenwich Hospital etc. In 1760 William Brown of Throckley Colliery challenged William Aynsley of Dewley Hill over the right of the latter to pasture on the common (Hodgson MSS, Newburn Guard Book in Dodds 1930, p 163). There survives a record of late 18th century/early19th century trespasses and encroachments on the Fell, - the running of cattle, sheep and horses without entitlement, and the taking of turf and stones. The act for the enclosure of the Fell was passed on 11 April 1816, dividing the Fell amongst the individuals who previously held land and rights of common in the parish. The Commissioners and Governors of the Royal Hospital in Kent (Greenwich) as lords of Throckley had previously been entitled to the soil, mines, minerals, quarries and royalties within the common moor. Both the hospital commissioners and the Duke of Northumberland had possessed messuage lands and tenements within Newburn parish. Sir Matthew White Ridley had possessed messuages adjoining the parish and he and his tenants had been entitled to rights of common on Throckley Fell. The vicar of Newburn, Rev. James Edmondson had been entitled to glebe lands within Newburn township and right of common. The Act says that the common moor in its present state was of little value, but considerable parts were capable of cultivation and improvement. Between the passing of the Act and the allotment of land, no turfs on the Fell were to be cut. The commissioners would determine to whom the separate parts of the roads belonged, and which sections should be repaired by each township. The commissioners would agree the freestone and slate quarries on the Fell for the use of Greenwich Hospital and would allot 1/16 in value of the common to the lords of the manor. The remainder would be allotted to those who previously had rights of common on the Fell. The commissioner’s allocation of the land was set out in the award with an accompanying schedule and a plan. One copy was deposited with the Clerk of the Peace. The award gave the acreage and dimensions of the new allotments and also the names of the owners and tenants. It showed public rights of way, public utilities such as wells and quarries. The enclosure award for Throckley Fell made under the 1816 act was actually not drawn up until 1830. It lists the public carriage roads as Stamfordham Road, Ponteland Road, Dewley Road, Heddon Road, Drove Road and Black Row Road. The responsibility for these roads was divided upon amongst the townships of Throckley, Newburn, East Heddon and High Callerton. There were a number of public foot roads leading from ancient stiles. Private carriage roads led from Heddon Road to Birks Farm of Sir M.W. Ridley and from Drove Road for his use. Both had carriage gates. Allotments included five for Greenwich Hospital, five for the Duke of Northumberland, one for Sir Matthew White Ridley, one for James Edmondson, vicar of Newburn, three for William Linskill of Tynemouth Lodge, and two for Thomas Bonner of High Callerton. All allotments were to be enclosed within twelve months with earthen mounds planted with hedges, with fences or with stone walls. Fields created from Sir Matthew White Ridley’s allotment of Throckley Fell are detailed in the Heddon Birks Farm field book of March 1889 (NRO ZRI 49/12). Most of his 173 acres were used for arable, 8 acres were heather, 15 ‘old grass’, plus 10 acres of ‘foxcover’. The allotment of lands was not necessarily permanent as William Linskill’s lands were immediately sold to James Chicken (NRO QRD 9) and the vicar of Newburn in 1894, Rev. C.E. Blackett Ord exchanged lands under the Enclosure Act with the Duke of Northumberland. The impact of enclosure on the landscape of the study area is clear to see. One only needs to compare the 1620 plan of the manor (AC O/xvii/1; fig. 246), which shows Throckley village surrounded by large open fields, with the map of 1736 (NRO Sant/Beq/9/1/1/34; fig. 248) where the land has been divided into irregular fields with curving boundaries. Enclosure by agreement did not create the geometric landscapes enclosed by act of Parliament. Fields and hedges were not always straight and some of them, like those in Throckley and Walbottle are curved or have kinks and dog-legs because the new hedges followed the former medieval strips. By 1805, (NRO ZAN Bell 69/10) however, Throckley was characterised by straight-sided square or rectilinear land parcels.
Some of the Fell has been opencasted in modern times - west of the road to Callerton in the Bays Leap Site (1960s), and Millers South Close (1992-3).

The first reference is in the Lay Subsidy Roll of 1296 when Dewley had 4 tax- payers. There were 4 again in 1312. Though described as a waste place, worth 13s 4d, in 1367, in 1499/1500 it was listed as a hamlet, though in decay. Mentioned in 1557, the name appears again in Stockdale's Survey of 1607, under the heading of Newburn, possibly with the implication that it was demesne, and in 1622 Cuthbert Heron held "a house and a close called Dewly.." Fairly certainly a shrunk or deserted settlement, Wrathmell attributes this to failure to recover from Scottish devastations. Site is unknown. Two possibilities: either the first grid ref above, today's Dewley Farm, or the 1st edition's East Dewley, which apparently accords with the house shown on a map of 1620; or, as on the 1st ed., "Dewley", the site of Cutty Coats, demolished after the construction of the Throckley bypass. Dated C13th.

In 1528 a water mill called Laman mill, in the manor of Newburn, was let to Leonard Musgrave for 41 years at 20 p.a. and 6s 8d for the mill. It appears again as Laymedon mill, paying 6s 8d, in the 1592 survey. Its location is not known, nor whether it could have been one of the anonymous water mills and corn mills mentioned earlier, 1250, 1367, 1499/ 1500. In 1592 there were 2 corn mills in addition to Laymedon. Dated C16th.

In his rental of the manor of Newburn, 1499/1500, John Cartington listed "Thrusse mill, yearly rent 2s to the provost of Newborn". The survey of 1592 records a rent of 2s for "Passage of the water at Trush Mylne", and Stockdale's Survey of 1607 noted that "The farmer of Thrush Milne holds a water course to the mill and the passage of the Tyne". It was clearly a water mill, but its location is not known - on the burn just east of Newburn? and how close to the Tyne?³ Also was it one of the anonymous mills, sometimes specified as corn mills, attached to the manor in 1250, 1367, 1592, 1613? How many mills were there? Dated C15-16th.