English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Clare Henderson
DAY1
26
DAY2
24
District
N Tyneside
Easting
436649
Grid ref figure
10
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
6
MONTH2
9
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
569008
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Tynemouth
Description
After its dissolution in 1539, the site, lands etc. of Tynemouth Priory were leased for 21 years to Sir Thomas Hilton. The property included "four Salt pannes, in the tenure of Thomas Johns, John Robinson, ... Wedell, widow, and William Davye, in Lez Shelths and in Tynemouth, which were in the occupation of the late Prior of the said late Monastery;...", though Hilton was not accountable for their rent of $10 13s 4d. There continued to be salt pans here into the post-medieval period, presumably located close to the river's edge.
Site Type: Broad
Salt Production Site
SITEDESC
After its dissolution in 1539, the site, lands etc. of Tynemouth Priory were leased for 21 years to Sir Thomas Hilton. The property included "four Salt pannes, in the tenure of Thomas Johns, John Robinson, ... Wedell, widow, and William Davye, in Lez Shelths and in Tynemouth, which were in the occupation of the late Prior of the said late Monastery;...", though Hilton was not accountable for their rent of $10 13s 4d. There continued to be salt pans here into the post-medieval period, and they were presumably located close to the river's edge. Dated C16th.
Site Name
Tynemouth, salt pans
Site Type: Specific
Salt Works
HER Number
736
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 736 >> W.S. Gibson, 1846, The History of the Monastery at Tynemouth, I, 217-18
H.H.E. Craster, 1907, North Shields Township, Northumberland County History, VIII, 298-9, 306
YEAR1
1992
YEAR2
2020
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Clare Henderson
DAY1
25
DAY2
24
District
N Tyneside
Easting
435402
Grid ref figure
10
Map Sheet
NZ37SE
MONTH1
6
MONTH2
9
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
570908
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Marden
Description
The Northumberland County History asserts that "mention is made of coal mines belonging to the priory at Merden, or Marden, in 1316 (sic)...", though the prior's coal workings at Marden are said to have been destroyed in 1315 by a Scottish army which actually got as far as the priory.
Site Type: Broad
Coal Mining Site
SITEDESC
"Mention is made of coal mines belonging to the priory at Merden, or Marden, in 1316 (sic)...", though the prior's coal workings at Marden are said to have been destroyed in 1315 by a Scottish army which actually got as far as the priory. Dated C14th.
Site Name
Marden coal mine
Site Type: Specific
Colliery
HER Number
735
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 735 >> H.H.E. Craster, 1907, Northumberland County History, VIII, pp. 17, 254, 280
YEAR1
1992
YEAR2
2020
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Transport
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
131
DAY1
01
DAY2
25
District
N Tyneside
Easting
436150
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
6
MONTH2
7
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
569400
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Tynemouth
Description
The Northumberland County History asserts that mention is made "in an assize roll of 1293 to the bridge by St. Leonard's hospital, a precursor of the modern Spital dene bridge. There was at that time no other passage across the Pow burn...". It also cites another reference to "Spittle Bridge" in 1718 so it presumably continued in existence from the the 13th century. It lay (lies) under the road along the south side of Tynemouth Golf Course, just west of the early railway.
Site Type: Broad
Road Transport Site
SITEDESC
"Allusion is made in an assize roll of 1293 to the bridge by St. Leonard's hospital, a precursor of the modern Spital dene bridge. There was at that time no other passage across the Pow burn...". NCH cites another reference to "Spittle Bridge" in 1718 so it presumably continued in existence from the C13. It is not mentioned by Jervoise. It lay (lies) under the road along the south side of Tynemouth Golf Course, just west of the early railway. Dated C13th.
Site Name
Spital Dean Bridge
Site Type: Specific
Road Bridge
HER Number
734
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 734 >> H.H.E. Craster, 1907, Tynemouth Township, Northumberland County History, VIII, 259
J. Woods, 1826, Plan of the Towns of North Shields and Tynemouth
J. Woods, 1826, Plan of the Towns of North Shields and Tynemouth
YEAR1
1992
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Clare Henderson
DAY1
01
DAY2
24
District
N Tyneside
Easting
437050
Grid ref figure
10
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MAP2
NZ37SE
MONTH1
6
MONTH2
9
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
569472
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Tynemouth
Description
Early records show that coal was worked in Tynemouth during the latter part of the thirteenth century, and that the monks were then already deriving an income from collieries there. After its dissolution in 1539, the site, lands etc. of Tynemouth Priory were leased for 21 years to Sir Thomas Hilton. His account of 1538-39 includes in the list of property "a Mine of Coal in Tynemouth, which at the time of the dissolution was in the Prior's own possession", and was worth $2 6s 8d. There is no clue as to its location.
Site Type: Broad
Coal Mining Site
SITEDESC
"Early records show that coal was worked in Tynemouth during the latter part of the thirteenth century, and that the monks were then already deriving an income from collieries there". After its dissolution in 1539, the site, lands etc. of Tynemouth Priory were leased for 21 years to Sir Thomas Hilton. His account of 1538-39 includes in the list of property "a Mine of Coal in Tynemouth, which at the time of the dissolution was in the Prior's own possession", and was worth $2 6s 8d. There is no clue as to its location. Dated C13th.
Site Name
Tynemouth coal mine
Site Type: Specific
Colliery
HER Number
733
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 733 >> W.S. Gibson, 1846, The History of the Monastery at Tynemouth, I, 217-18
H.H.E. Craster, 1907, Tynemouth Township, Northumberland County History, VIII, 17, 261
YEAR1
1992
YEAR2
2020
English, British
ADDITINF
N
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
DAY1
01
DAY2
25
District
N Tyneside
Easting
437100
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
6
MONTH2
7
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
569400
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Tynemouth
Description
In an account of a gaol delivery at Tynemouth in 1290 there is reference to the market cross where, "sitting upon its steps, the justices read their warrant for the third time...". The cross stood in the village outside the monastery, being shown on a 16th century map at the head of Front Street near the priory gatehouse.
Site Type: Broad
Cross
SITEDESC
In an account of a gaol delivery at Tynemouth in 1290 there is reference to the market cross where, "sitting upon its steps, the justices read their warrant for the third time...". The cross stood in the village outside the monastery, being shown on a C16 map at the head of Front Street near the priory gatehouse. Dated C13th.
Site Name
Tynemouth market cross
Site Type: Specific
Market Cross
HER Number
732
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 732 >> H.H.E. Craster, 1907, Northumberland County History, Tynemouthshire, VIII, 217
Archaeologia Aeliana, 2, XIX, pl. opp. 68
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
1992
YEAR2
1996
English, British
Class
Communications
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
117,730
DAY1
01
DAY2
19
District
N Tyneside
Easting
437370
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
6
MONTH2
2
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
569400
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Elizabethan 1558 to 1603
Place
Tynemouth
SAMNUMBER
25165
Description
It is not known when the light at Tynemouth Castle was established, but there is reference in 1582 to "the kepinge of a continuall light in the night season at the easte ende of the churche of Tinmouthe castle, as in former times had ben, for the more safegarde of such shippes as should passe by that coast". Unlike the candle lights at Shields (HER nos. 4556 and 4557), it was a coal fire burnt in an open brazier on the top of one of the two turrets at the east end of the priory church. It was a private light, not maintained by the Trinity House but by the captain of Tynemouth Castle, who by agreement with the Trinity House, collected the lightage dues. The first known owner of the light was Henry, eighth earl of Northumberland. It was probably lit only at half-tide when the water was deep enough for ships to enter the Tyne, and this arrangement continued until 1659 when the stairs to the top of the turret collapsed. Five years later it was replaced by a stone tower (HER no. 730). SCHEDULED ANCIENT MONUMENT
Site Type: Broad
Signalling Structure
SITEDESC
There is reference in 1582 to "the kepinge of a continuall light in the night season at the easte ende of the churche of Tinmouthe castle, as in former times had ben, for the more safegarde of such shippes as should passe by that coast". The light consisted of "a fire made of coals, burnt probably in an open brazier upon the top of one of the two turrets flanking the east end of the presbytery of the priory church". It was probably lit only at half-tide when the water was deep enough for ships to enter the Tyne, and this arrangement continued until 1659 when the stairs to the top of the turret collapsed. Five years later it was replaced by a stone tower (SMR 730). {1} It is not known when the light at Tynemouth Castle was established but there is reference to it in 1581-2 to 'the kepinge of a continuall light in the night season at the easte ende of the churche of Tinmouthe Castle, as in former times had ben' (Acts of the Privy Council, 1581-2, p. 306). Unlike the candle lights at Shields (SMR 4556 and 4557), it was a coal fire burnt in an open brazier on the top of one of the two turrets at the east end of the priory church. It was a private light, not maintained by the Trinity House but by the captain of Tynemouth Castle, who by agreement with the Trinity House, collected the lightage dues. The first known owner of the light was Henry, eighth earl of Northumberland. {2}
Site Name
Tynemouth beacon
Site Type: Specific
Beacon
SITE_STAT
Scheduled Monument
HER Number
731
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 731 >> H.H.E. Craster, 1907, Northumberland County History, The Lighthouse, VIII, 205-06
M. Hope Dodds, 1928, The North Shields Lighthouses, p 8-10
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
1992
YEAR2
2001
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Maritime
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
117,731
DAY1
01
DAY2
19
District
N Tyneside
Easting
437400
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
6
MONTH2
2
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
569400
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Stuart 1603 to 1714
Place
Tynemouth
SAMNUMBER
25165
Description
In 1664 Colonel Villiers, governor of Tynemouth Castle, obtained a grant of 1s toll from every English ship and 3s from every foreign ship for the maintenance of the light, and built a new lighthouse at the north-east corner of the Castle promontory. A free-standing structure, this was a replacement for the beacon which had previously burnt on a turret of the priory church. An 18th century view shows it to have been a stepped tower, presumably of stone, of 3-4 stages beneath a conical roof. The light was provided by coals burnt in an iron basket. This tower survived until c. 1775 when it was partly or wholly taken down and rebuilt. From the Villiers family it passed to their relatives the Fowkes. In 1775 the old tower was rebuilt. In 1802 a revolving oil lamp with reflectors was installed in place of the coal fire. The lighthouse was purchased from William Fowke by the London Trinity House in 1836, and was pulled down in 1898 after the building of new lighthouses at St. Mary's Island (HER no. 1037) and Souter Point (HER no. 2489). SCHEDULED ANCIENT MONUMENT
Site Type: Broad
Navigation Aid
SITEDESC
In 1664 Colonel Villiers, governor of Tynemouth Castle, built a new lighthouse at the north-east corner of the castle promontory. A free-standing structure, this was a replacement for the beacon which had previously burnt on a turret of the priory church. An 18th century view shows it to have been a stepped tower, presumably of stone, of 3-4 stages (perhaps square, hexagonal, octagonal) beneath a conical roof. The light was provided by coals burnt in an iron basket. This tower survived until c. 1775 when it was partly or wholly taken down and rebuilt. {1} In 1664 Colonel Villiers, the governor of the castle obtained a grant of 1s toll from every English ship and 3s from every foreign ship for the maintenance of the light, and built a new lighthouse at the north-east corner of the Castle promontory. From the Villiers family it passed to their relatives the Fowkes. In 1775 the old tower was rebuilt. In 1802 a revolving oil lamp with reflectors was installed in place of the coal fire. The lighthouse was purchased from William Fowke by the London trinity House in 1836, and was pulled down in 1898 after the building of new lighthouses at St. Mary's Island (SMR 1037) and Souter Point (SMR 2489) {5}.
Site Name
Tynemouth lighthouse
Site Type: Specific
Lighthouse
SITE_STAT
Scheduled Monument
HER Number
730
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 730 >> H.H.E. Craster, 1907, Northumberland County History, The Lighthouse, VIII, Plate XIV opp. 152, 201, 205-06
H.A. Adamson & S.S. Carr, 1899, Tynemouth Lighthouse and the Governor's House,Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle, 2, VIII, 124-5
H.A. Adamson, 1899, The Villiers Family as Governors of T Cas & owners of the lighthouse, Archaeologia Aeliana, 2, XX, 15-26
S.S. Carr, 1901, Tynemouth Lighthouse,Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle, 2, IX, 5, 10-11
M. Hope Dodds, 1928, The North Shields Lighthouses, p 8-10
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
1992
YEAR2
2001
English, British
ADDITINF
N
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
CONDITION
Good
DAY1
12
DAY2
24
District
N Tyneside
Easting
432200
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ37SW
MATERIAL
Dolerite
MONTH1
6
MONTH2
7
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
572500
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Neolithic -4,000 to -2,200
Place
Earsdon
Description
...a polished stone axe-head from Earsdon... was received in 1932 by the forerunner of the Museum of Antiquities in an exchange of material with the Hancock Museum. There is no information about its original discovery. The Museum Records report it to be of quartz dolerite with measurements as follows: length 134 mm, width 62 mm, thickness 34 mm. It is recorded as pitted on both faces, with a facetted edge.
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
"...a polished stone axe-head from Earsdon..." was received in 1932 by the forerunner of the Museum of Antiquities in an exchange of material with the Hancock Museum. There is no information about its original discovery. The Museum Records report it to be of quartz dolerite; Miket's dimensions (not quite the same as the museum's) are: length 134 mm, width 62 mm, thickness 34 mm. He also notes that it is pitted on both faces and with a facetted edge.
Site Name
Earsdon, polished axe
Site Type: Specific
Polished Axehead
HER Number
729
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 729 >> Museum of Antiquities Museum Records, 1932, 1932.89
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 88, and fig. 28 p. 89 no. 1
SURVIVAL
80-90%
YEAR1
1992
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
DAY1
12
DAY2
24
District
N Tyneside
Easting
434900
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ37SW
MONTH1
6
MONTH2
7
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
570900
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Neolithic -4,000 to -2,200
Place
Marden
Description
A small polished stone axe-head, with a narrow butt, "was found in 1961 in digging a back garden at 19 Barrington Avenue, Marden, Tynemouth...and remained in private possession. It was 120 mm in length and 57 mm in maximum breadth." Hand examination (by George Jobey) suggested that it was a Langdale product and had been reworked.
SITEASS
The grid ref and map no. are Miket's as Jobey's landed in an area without houses.
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
A small polished stone axe-head, with a narrow butt, "was found in 1961 in digging a back garden at 19 Barrington Avenue, Marden, Tynemouth...and remained in private possession. It was 120 mm in length and 57 mm in maximum breadth. Hand examination suggested that it was a Langdale product and had been reworked".
Site Name
Marden, polished axe
Site Type: Specific
Polished Axehead
HER Number
728
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 728 >> G. Jobey, 1972, Some local finds of Neolithic and Early Bronze Age stone implements, Archaeologia Aeliana, 4, L, 292
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 88 no. 2
YEAR1
1992
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Unassigned
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
DAY1
12
DAY2
24
District
N Tyneside
Easting
436700
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ37SE
MATERIAL
Sandstone
MONTH1
6
MONTH2
7
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
571100
General Period
UNCERTAIN
Specific Period
Uncertain
Place
Cullercoats
Description
In 1967 a sandstone boulder carrying a runic inscription was seen close to the cliff face and just north of a sewer outlet at the Cullercoats end of Tynemouth Long Sands. It was possible to examine it in 1968, and the translated Scandinavian inscription read '(personal name ending in "-rik"?) raised (the) stone(s) good luck Alawin'. It was concluded to be a forgery, both on linguistic grounds, and because the boulder was weathered but the inscription was not, in spite of its lying below the normal high tide mark. The stone subsequently disappeared.
SITEASS
The grid ref is that provided by the OS, not the authors. If I remember correctly the boulder subsequently disappeared.
Site Type: Broad
Non Antiquity
SITEDESC
In 1967 a sandstone boulder carrying a runic inscription was seen close to the cliff face and just north of a sewer outlet at the Cullercoats end of Tynemouth Long Sands. It was possible to examine it in 1968, and the translated Scandinavian inscription read '(personal name ending in "-rik"?) raised (the) stone(s) good luck Alawin'. It was concluded to be a forgery, both on linguistic grounds, and because the boulder was weathered but the inscription was not, in spite of its lying below the normal high tide mark.
Site Name
Cullercoats, runic forgery
Site Type: Specific
Non Antiquity
HER Number
727
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 727 >> P.J. Frankis & R.N. Bailey, 1969, A Runic Forgery from Cullercoats Archaeologia Aeliana, 4, XLVII, 43-46; John Frankis and Richard Bailey, 1968, A Runic Stone from Cullercoats, Northumberland in Archaeological Newsbulletin for Northumberland Cumberland and Westmorland, No. 2, May 1968, pp 3-5
YEAR1
1992
YEAR2
1996