In 1979 an urned cremation was discovered by chance in the side of a quarry at Warden Law. It had originally been buried in a short cist which had been covered by a mound. The site was subsequently excavated. The cremated remains of an individual aged 3 - 6 years were found.
SITEASS
-
Site Type: Broad
Burial
SITEDESC
In 1979 an urned cremation was accidentally discovered in the side of a quarry at Warden Law. It had originally been buried in a short cist which had been covered by a mound. The site was subsequently excavated. Dr J. Weyman reported on the cremation. Only part of the urn's contents were recovered, and they had been thoroughly cremated. Recognizable features included long-bones, ribs, vertebrae, pelvis, phalanges, skull and teeth fragments. These showed that the individual had been aged 3 - 6 years.
Site Name
Warden Law N. barrow, urned cremation
Site Type: Specific
Cremation Burial
HER Number
256
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 256 >> Excavation report, W, Ford & R. Miket, 1982, An Urned Cremation from Warden Law, Tyne and Wear, Archaeologia Aeliana, 5, X, pp. 53-59
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 71, no. 5
YEAR1
1990
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
Y
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
CONDITION
Poor
Crossref
442, 443, 444
DAY1
04
DAY2
01
District
Sunderland
Easting
437630
Grid ref figure
8
HEIGHT_OD
150
Map Sheet
NZ35SE
MONTH1
06
MONTH2
03
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 35 SE 7
Northing
550240
parish
Warden Law
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Neolithic -4,000 to -2,200
Place
Warden Law
Description
Mentioned by the antiquarian Greenwell in 1877, the barrow sat on the south slope of Warden Law. It was round, c. 33 feet in diameter, and c. 3 feet high at the centre. On excavation in 1911 it was found to consist largely of stones, with some earth, and had a possible encircling kerb of boulders. No cist was found but a sandstone slab was recorded which may have been the covering stone of a cist. In the barrow were found two much disturbed burials (HER no. 442), and some flints (HER nos. 443-445).
SITEASS
This site should be monitored if there is to be disturbance other than ploughing.
Site Type: Broad
Barrow
SITEDESC
Mentioned by Greenwell in 1877, the barrow was described by Trechmann as lying on the south slope of Warden Law, just below the 500 foot contour. The barrow was round, c. 33 feet in diameter, and 3 feet + high at the centre. On excavation in 1911 it was found to consist largely of stones, with some earth, to lack a surrounding bank and ditch, but perhaps to have had an encircling boulder kerb. Trechmann did not find a cist, but he did record the discovery of a sandstone slab, 3.5 ft x 1.5 ft x 10 in, which "had every appearance of having formed the covering stone of a cist". In the barrow were found two much disturbed burials (SMR 442), and "a small hoard of flint".(SMR 443-445) Young describes it as "much-ploughed, grass-covered", 20.60 m across and 0.53 m high, and the O.S. follow his identification, saying, however, in 1978 that this could not be proved to be Trechmann's site.
Site Name
Warden Law S. barrow
Site Type: Specific
Round Barrow
HER Number
255
Form of Evidence
Earthwork
Sources
<< HER 255 >> W. Greenwell, 1877, British Barrows, p. 442
C.T. Trechmann, 1914, Prehistoric Burials in the County of Durham, Archaeologia Aeliana, 3, XI, pp. 162-167
Ordnance Survey archaeological record cards, ISS, 1978, Possible Round Barrow/cairn...
R. Young, 1980, An Inventory of Barrows in Co. Durham, Transactions Architectectural & Archaeological Society of Durham and Northumberland, New series Vol. 5, p. 13 no. 96
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 70, no. 3
SURVIVAL
1-19%
YEAR1
1990
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
255, 256
DAY1
22
DAY2
29
District
Sunderland
Easting
437530
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35SE
MONTH1
05
MONTH2
02
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 35 SE 7
Northing
550260
parish
Warden Law
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Later Prehistoric -4,000 to 43
Place
Warden Law
Description
In 1877 the antiquarian Greenwell noted that near Hetton "three barrows remained unopened. In 1911 the largest was excavated around 1914 and the excavator noted two smaller conical mounds of natural glacial deposit covered with trees. A cist had been found in one of them around the middle of the 19th century, but was not properly examined and probably no longer exists.
SITEASS
This site should be monitored if there were to be any further disturbance to it.
Site Type: Broad
Cist
SITEDESC
In 1877 Greenwell noted that near Hetton "three barrows...still remain unopened". The largest was excavated by Trechmann (255), who noted that there were nearby "two smaller conical heaps of glacial gravel covered with trees. One of these had been utilized by prehistoric man as a burial place, a cist having been found here by Dr Greenwell many years ago inserted near the summit of this natural mound. The cist was never thoroughly examined and although I have several times searched for it I have been hitherto totally unable to locate it. Possibly it has been destroyed or obliterated". The above grid reference is that decided as most probable by the Ordnance Survey. This heap or knoll is described as 78 m in diameter and 6 m high, with the east part of it largely quarried away. "This could possibly be the mound in which Greenwell saw a cist but there is no evidence of any antiquity to be seen now".(3)
Site Name
Warden Law cist
Site Type: Specific
Cist
HER Number
254
Form of Evidence
Implied Evidence
Sources
<< HER 254 >> W. Greenwell, 1877, British Barrows, p. 442
C.T. Trechmann, 1914, Prehistoric Burials in the County of Durham, Archaeologia Aeliana, 3, XI, pp. 162-3
Ordnance Survey archaeological record card, ISS, 1978, Possible site of cist
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 71, no. 4
R. Young, 1980, An Inventory of Barrows in Co. Durham, Transactions Architectectural & Archaeological Society of Durham & Northumberland, New Series, Vol. 5, p. 13, no. 96a
Aerial Photograph, Museum of Antiquities, Warden Law, 166,1-3
YEAR1
1990
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
DAY1
22
DAY2
29
District
Sunderland
Easting
433900
EASTING2
343
Grid ref figure
6
HEIGHT_OD
91
Map Sheet
NZ35SW
MATERIAL
Flint
MONTH1
05
MONTH2
02
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 35 SW 8
Northing
554500
NORTHING2
546
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Neolithic -4,000 to -2,200
Place
Flinton Hill
Description
In 1932 Gibbs recorded the discovery of a scraper, flakes and artefacts from Flinton Hill. A later authority reported that they were post-Mesolithic in character. The location of the find is on the edge of the limestone plateau overlooking the main river valley, near Hasting Hill prehistoric barrow site. The objects seem to have been in Sunderland Museum, but some at least are now missing.
SITEASS
Are these flints really adrift? Note that thereis a distinct lack of agreement about the correct grid reference: the two given above are first Young, secondly Miket. The O.S. record card offers only 34 54.
Site Type: Broad
Artefact Scatter
SITEDESC
Gibbs records the discovery of a scraper, flakes and artefacts from this location, which Young describes as occupying the edge of the limestone plateau overlooking the main river valley, the barrow on Hasting Hill, and the complex of ? Neolithic/Bronze Age ritual sites c. 1 mile to the south- east. The objects seem to have been in Sunderland Museum at one time since Miket notes specifically a flint scraper and three flakes ("now missing"), and gives an accession number, and Young quotes W. Dodds as saying that the material was of later prehistoric character, i.e. not Mesolithic.
Site Name
Flinton Hill, flints
Site Type: Specific
Flint Scatter
HER Number
253
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 253 >> G.B. Gibbs, 1932, Neolithic man in Co. Durham, Antiquities of Sunderland, Vol. 19 (for 1929-32), p. 25
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 67, no. 2
R. Young, 1987, Lithics and Subsistence in North-Eastern England, British Archaeological Report, British Series, Vol. 161, pp. 207-8, F 81
YEAR1
1990
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
AREA_STAT
Site of Special Scientific Interest
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
DAY1
22
DAY2
29
District
Sunderland
Easting
435800
Grid ref figure
6
HEIGHT_OD
150
Map Sheet
NZ35SE
MATERIAL
Flint
MONTH1
05
MONTH2
02
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 35 SE 13
Northing
550800
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Mesolithic -10,000 to -4,000
Place
High Haining
Description
Flint flakes and scrapers have been recorded in a field to the E-S-E of High Haining Farm at a higher point on the same ridge as that occupied by Warden Law cairn. None of this material can now be traced but may be in the Skipton Museum.
SITEASS
It may be necessary eventually to give Haining a separate number. It might be helpful to have the objects in this museum published in more detail.
Site Type: Broad
Artefact Scatter
SITEDESC
Source 1 "records 'flakes and scrapers' from this location in a field to East-South-East of the Farm - a higher point of the ridge'. The ridge in question is the same as that occupied by the cairn at Warden Law. The area was field walked once by the writer. No further additions were made. None of this material can now be traced. No further information is available".(4) Source 2 notes that flints found at Haining as well as High Haining were in the Skipton Museum, but gives no grid refs for either. Haining: 20 unretouched blades and flakes, one microlith. High Haining: 21 unretouched blades and flakes. Source 3 gives the museum accession number for High Haining only.
Site Name
High Haining, flints
Site Type: Specific
Flint Scatter
HER Number
252
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 252 >> G.B. Gibbs, 1932, Neolithic man in Co. Durham, Antiquities of Sunderland, Vol. 19 (for 1929-32), p. 26
J.J. Wymer, 1977, Gazetteer of Mesolithic sites in England and Wales, CBA Research Report, No. 20, p. 410
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 73, no. 19
R. Young, 1987, Lithics and Subsistence in North-Eastern England, British Archaeological Report, British Series, Vol. 161, pp. 154-5,F25
YEAR1
1990
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
DAY1
15
DAY2
29
District
Sunderland
Easting
437600
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ34NE
MATERIAL
Tuff
MONTH1
05
MONTH2
02
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 34 NE 9
Northing
547600
parish
Hetton
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Neolithic -4,000 to -2,200
Place
Hetton-le-Hole
Description
Part of a Late Neolithic/Early Bronze Age stone axe was found in 1962 during ploughing at Carr House Farm. The axe, made of volcanic tuff and believed to originate from the Pike of Stickle source in Cumbria, was said to be in the possession of Murton Modern School or Easington Comprehensive in 1977.
SITEASS
Perhaps the TWCMS could discover if this object still exists.
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
"Part of a Late Neolithic/Early Bronze Age stone axe found in 1962 by I. Dryden (farmer's son) during ploughing at Carr House Farm. Professor Dunham examined the axe and classified it as Pike of Stickle (Group VI) type, made of volcanic tuff".(2) Source 2 quotes a letter to Sunderland Museum as the original report of this discovery, and goes on to say that in 1977 the axe was in "Murton Modern School". Source 3 gives dimensions, 123 mm long, 82 mm wide, 32 mm thick, - were these in the letter or had he seen the axe? - and changes the name of the school to Easington Comprehensive. A different school or renamed?
Site Name
Carr House Farm, stone axe
Site Type: Specific
Axehead
HER Number
251
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 251 >> CBA Annual Report, 1963, No. 13, June, p. 24
Ordnance Survey Archaeological Record Card, RPM, 1977, Late Neolithic/Early Br onxe Age stone axe, NE 34 NE 4
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 54, no. 4
YEAR1
1990
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
DAY1
15
DAY2
15
District
Sunderland
Easting
436800
Grid ref figure
6
HEIGHT_OD
129
Map Sheet
NZ34NE
MATERIAL
Flint
MONTH1
05
MONTH2
08
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 34 NE 8
Northing
548200
parish
Hetton
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Neolithic -4,000 to -2,200
Place
Great Eppleton
Description
Flakes and a scraper or spearhead from north-west of the water tanks at Great Eppleton were reported in 1932, but cannot now be traced.
Site Type: Broad
Artefact Scatter
SITEDESC
Gibbs recorded flakes and a scraper or spearhead from north-west of the water tanks at Great Eppleton. Young, though extending the O.S. 4 figure grid reference to 6, points out that it is only approximate. He also reports that the objects cannot now be traced.
Site Name
Great Eppleton, flints
Site Type: Specific
Flint Scatter
HER Number
250
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 250 >> G.B. Gibbs, 1932, Neolithic man in Co. Durham, Antiquities of Sunderland, Vol. 19 (for 1929-32), p. 26
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 54, no. 3
R. Young, 1987, Lithics and Subsistence in North-Eastern England, British Archaeological Report, British Series, Vol. 161, p. 208 F 82
YEAR1
1990
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
DAY1
01
DAY2
29
District
Sunderland
Easting
435370
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ34NE
MONTH1
05
MONTH2
02
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 34 NE 2
Northing
547710
parish
Hetton
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Bronze Age -2,600 to -700
Place
Hetton-le-Hole
Description
In 1816 the antiquarian Surtees recorded "a remarkable tumulus, consisting entirely of field-stones gathered together", situated in a field "on the right-hand side of the road from Eppleton to Hetton and only one field from Houghton-Lane". In the top of the cairn was a small oblong hollow known as the Fairies Cradle. Later authorities call this monument a 'barrow' and agree that it contained one or more pottery vessels
Site Type: Broad
Burial Cairn
SITEDESC
Surtees records "a remarkable tumulus, consisting entirely of field-stones gathered together", situated in a field "on the right-hand side of the road from Eppleton to Hetton and only one field from Houghton-Lane". In the top of the cairn was a small oblong hollow known as the Fairies Cradle. It is marked on O.S. 1st edition 1:2500 as "Fairies Cradle Maiden Hill (Tumulus)". Greenwell wrote "... a barrow was removed several years ago, when I believe some urns were met with; " and the VCH recorded the finding of "a vessel of pottery" when the mound was destroyed. Young lists it in his Group B, "Sites which upon destruction or complete excavation have proved to be barrows".
Site Name
Fairies Cradle or Castle cairn
Site Type: Specific
Burial Cairn
HER Number
249
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 249 >> R. Surtees, 1816, History of...Durham, Vol. I, pt. 2, p. 214
E. Mackenzie & M. Ross, 1834, History of...Durham, Vol. I, p. 369
Newcastle W.H.D. Longstaffe, 1852, Durham before the Conquest, Proceedings of the Archaeological Institute, Vol. I, p. 75, n. 6
W. Fordyce, 1857, History of...Durham, Vol. II, p. 580
W. Greenwell, 1877, British Barrows pp. 441-2
Transactions Architectural & Archaeological Society of Durham and Northumberland, 1884, A Prae-Historic cist burial at Sacriston, Vol. 3 (for 1880-1884), pp. 183-4
R. Young, 1980, An Inventory of Barrows in Co. Durham, Transactions Architectural & Archaeological Society of Durham and Northumberland, New series, Vol. 5, p. 8 no. 33
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 54, no. 2
Dept. Pal. & Dip. Durham, Ordnance Survey maps, 1st ed. 1:2500 Durham XX.8
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
1990
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
DAY1
03
DAY2
29
District
Sunderland
Easting
434500
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ35SW
MONTH1
05
MONTH2
02
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 35 SW 1
Northing
553000
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
West Herrington
Description
In 1273 Sir Thomas de Herrington granted his manor of Houghall to the Church of St. Cuthbert; and in return for the donation, Richard Hoton, Prior of Durham, and his Convent, agreed, by their charter dated ...Feb. 1291, to institute two perpetual chantries in the Church of Durham... one in the Chapel of Herverton, the other in the Chapel of West Herrington...". In 1414, after a dispute, the Rector of Houghton agreed to provide a second chaplain in the parish to celebrate Mass 2 or 3 times a week in the said chapel of West Herrington. The Chapel probably did not survive the dissolution of the Chantries... A church (with cemetery) built at West Herrington in 1840 and demolished in 1975 was said to have been built on the site of chantry chapel but this could not be proved.
SITEASS
Source 2 states that the 1840 chapel was built on a piece of ground said to have been unclaimed through any title and to have been the site of the chantry chapel. The burial ground was given by Lord Durham.
Site Type: Broad
Place of Worship
SITEDESC
"In 1273 Sir Thomas de Herrington granted his manor of Houghall to the Church of St. Cuthbert; and in return for the donation, Richard Hoton, Prior of Durham, and his Convent, agreed, by their charter dated ...Feb. 1291, to institute two perpetual chantries in the Church of Durham...and to provide for ever two perpetual Chaplains to celebrate Mass; the one in the Chapel of Herverton, and the other in the Chapel of West Herrington...". In 1414, after a dispute, the Rector of Houghton agreed to provide a second chaplain in the parish to celebrate Mass 2 or 3 times a week in the said chapel of West Herrington. "The Chapel, of which no vestiges remain, probably did not survive the dissolution of the Chantries...". A church (with cemetery) was built at West Herrington in 1840. It was demoted to cemetery chapel in the late19th century and demolished in 1975. It is said it was built on site of chantry chapel but this has not been proved. Dated C13th.
Site Name
West Herrington chapel
Site Type: Specific
Chantry Chapel
HER Number
248
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 248 >> R. Surtees, 1816, History of...Durham, Vol. I, p. 185
J.C. Hodgson, Bequest W. Hutchinson, 1787, History of...Durham II, MS note by ? Hodgson between pp. 568-9 -Newcastle Library Local Studies
Surtees Society, Royal Commission for the survey of Chantries in the Bishopric, 22, p. lxxi
YEAR1
1990
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
246
DAY1
03
DAY2
29
District
Sunderland
Easting
438800
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ35SE
MONTH1
05
MONTH2
02
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
551200
parish
Burdon
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Burdon
Description
The chaplain of St. Mary's chapel is listed as holding land in Burdon c. 1380.
Site Type: Broad
Place of Worship
SITEDESC
The chaplain of St. Mary's chapel is listed as holding land in Burdon in Hatfield's Survey, c. 1380. This is the only reference yet found. Dated C14th.
Site Name
Burdon chapel
Site Type: Specific
Chapel
HER Number
247
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 247 >> W. Greenwell, ed. 185,6 Bishop Hatfield's Survey, Surtees Society, 32, p. 144