Custom House labelled on Meik and Morgan's Plan of the Town of Sunderland, 1851. Not labelled on the 1920s Ordnance Survey plan. Another Custom House is noted on Robson's 1827 plan off Moorgate Street (HER16228).
Site Type: Broad
Maritime Office
SITEDESC
Custom House labelled on Meik and Morgan's Plan of the Town of Sunderland, 1851. Not labelled on the 1920s Ordnance Survey plan. Another Custom House is noted on Robson's 1827 plan off Moorgate Street (HER16228).
Site Name
Sunderland, Low Quay, custom house
Site Type: Specific
Custom House
HER Number
16231
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
Archaeological Services Durham University, 2013, Warren Square, Sunderland, Tyne and Wear - archaeological assessment; Meik and Morgan's Plan of the Town of Sunderland, 1851
YEAR1
2014
English, British
Class
Education
COMP1
Claire MacRae
COMP2
Clare Henderson
DAY1
08
DAY2
31
District
Sunderland
Easting
440833
Grid ref figure
10
Map Sheet
NZ45NW
MONTH1
4
MONTH2
1
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
557534
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Sunderland
Description
School, possibly attached to church (HER4423) shown on Second Edition Ordnance Suvrey Plan, 1890s.
Site Type: Broad
School
SITEDESC
School, possibly attached to church (HER4423) shown on Second Edition Ordnance Survey Plan, 1890s.
Site Name
Prospect Row, school
Site Type: Specific
School
HER Number
16230
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
Archaeological Services Durham University, 2013, Warren Square, Sunderland, Tyne and Wear - archaeological assessment; Shown on Second Edition Ordnance Survey 1890s
YEAR1
2014
YEAR2
2021
English, British
Class
Education
COMP1
Claire MacRae
DAY1
08
District
Sunderland
Easting
440780
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ45NW
MONTH1
4
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
557540
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Sunderland
Description
School shown on Second Edition Ordnance Suvrey Plan, 1890s and later edition from the 1920s.
Site Type: Broad
School
SITEDESC
School shown on Second Edition Ordnance Survey Plan, 1890s and later edition from the 1920s.
Site Name
Mariner Square, school
Site Type: Specific
School
HER Number
16229
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
Archaeological Services Durham University, 2013, Warren Square, Sunderland, Tyne and Wear - archaeological assessment; Shown on Second Edition Ordnance Survey 1890s
YEAR1
2014
English, British
Class
Maritime
COMP1
Claire MacRae
DAY1
08
District
Sunderland
Easting
440760
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ45NW
MONTH1
4
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
557480
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Sunderland
Description
Custom House labelled on Robson's Plan of Sunderland, Bishopwearmouth and Monkwearmouth, 1827. Not labelled on subsequent plans but buildings appear to be present. Another Custom House is noted on Meik and Morgan's 1851 plan on Low Quay (HER16232).
Site Type: Broad
Maritime Office
SITEDESC
Custom House labelled on Robson's Plan of Sunderland, Bishopwearmouth and Monkwearmouth, 1827. Not labelled on subsequent plans but buildings appear to be present. Another Custom House is noted on Meik and Morgan's 1851 plan on Low Quay (HER16232).
Site Name
Thomas Street, custom house
Site Type: Specific
Custom House
HER Number
16228
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
Archaeological Services Durham University, 2013, Warren Square, Sunderland, Tyne and Wear - archaeological assessment; Robson's Plan of Sunderland, Bishopwearmouth and Monkwearmouth, 1827
YEAR1
2014
English, British
Class
Commercial
COMP1
Claire MacRae
DAY1
08
District
Sunderland
Easting
440720
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ45NW
MONTH1
4
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
557620
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Sunderland
Description
Cattle Market labelled on Robson's Plan of Sunderland, Bishopwearmouth and Monkwearmouth, 1827. Not labelled on subsequent plans.
Site Type: Broad
Market
SITEDESC
Cattle Market labelled on Robson's Plan of Sunderland, Bishopwearmouth and Monkwearmouth, 1827. Not labelled on subsequent plans.
Site Name
Barrack Street, cattle market
Site Type: Specific
Livestock Market
HER Number
16227
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
Archaeological Services Durham University, 2013, Warren Square, Sunderland, Tyne and Wear - archaeological assessment; Robson's Plan of Sunderland, Bishopwearmouth and Monkwearmouth, 1827
YEAR1
2014
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Claire MacRae
DAY1
08
District
Newcastle
Easting
424840
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MATERIAL
Stone, brick
MONTH1
4
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564190
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Newcastle
Description
Stone retaining wall with brick elements located to the rear of the main buildings fronting onto High Bridge Street. The wall separates the higher area of Half Moon Yard to the west from a lower yard on its eastern side. The wall is first illustrated on Oliver's map of 1830 apparently as a dividing wall between two adjoining ranges arranged along this line. The wall was originally constructd in uncoursed, roughly squared masonry, with a distinct batter, making the wall wider towards its base. This would indicate that the wall has always retained the ground behind it, rather than this ground being built up against it. Two brickwork elements have been added to the wall at its southern extent and close to the centre. These relate to later structures built over and onto the earlier wall. Four brick-arched, bricked up, fireplaces survive along the length of the wall. The wall also contains three buttressing pilasters, one in brick and two stone. The fireplaces match with rooms illustrated on the 1858 OS map. A wall to the north side of the rear yard is later than the retaining wall and appears to be a basement wall. Again the positioning of features on this wall relate to building ranges on the 1858 OS map. It is clear that both walls were lower ground floor or basement walls built to retain ground to the north and west of the yard as well as provide one face to the rooms of buildings along the side of the yard.
Site Type: Broad
Barrier
SITEDESC
Stone retaining wall with brick elements located to the rear of the main buildings fronting onto High Bridge Street. The wall separates the higher area of Half Moon Yard to the west from a lower yard on its eastern side. The wall is first illustrated on Oliver's map of 1830 apparently as a dividing wall between two adjoining ranges arranged along this line. The wall was originally constructd in uncoursed, roughly squared masonry, with a distinct batter, making the wall wider towards its base. This would indicate that the wall has always retained the ground behind it, rather than this ground being built up against it. Two brickwork elements have been added to the wall at its southern extent and close to the centre. These relate to later structures built over and onto the earlier wall. Four brick-arched, bricked up, fireplaces survive along the length of the wall. The wall also contains three buttressing pilasters, one in brick and two stone. The fireplaces match with rooms illustrated on the 1858 OS map.
A wall to the north side of the rear yard is later than the retaining wall and appears to be a basement wall. Again the positioning of features on this wall relate to building ranges on the 1858 OS map. It is clear that both walls were lower ground floor or basement walls built to retain ground to the north and west of the yard as well as provide one face to the rooms of buildings along the side of the yard.
Site Name
High Bridge, retaining wall
Site Type: Specific
Retaining Wall
HER Number
16226
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
Archaeological Research Services Ltd. 2013, No 15-29 High Bridge, Newcastle upon Tyne; Shown on Oliver's Plan of Newcastle 1830; Shown on First Edition Ordnance Survey 1858
YEAR1
2014
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Commercial
COMP1
Claire MacRae
DAY1
07
District
Newcastle
Easting
424870
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MATERIAL
Brick
MONTH1
4
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564180
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Newcastle
Description
These buildings were recorded in 2013 by ARS. No 25-29 appears to have been built between 1884-1886 - replacing earlier buildings. They appear to have been used as the offices and production area for two local newspapers which first appear in Kelly's directory of 1886. Printing rooms and warehouses associated with this function were located in the courtyard behind the building, whilst living accommodation was provided at attic level for the caretaker. It is subsequently referred to as 'High Bridge Buildings'. From the 1926 directory High Bridge Buildings seems to have been incorporated into Ward's Buildings which stretch as far as no.39. Several developments on the ground and first floor levels of the building are associated with the conversion of offices to shops on the ground floor and of individual offices to an open-plan layout on the first floor. Aside from these aspects the building retains a significant proportion of its original features including fireplaces, timber panelling, bannister and cornicing.
SITEASS
2013: No. 25 former RPM records, No.27 vacant office and No. 29 former Metro Taxis (basement) and Retro (ground floor)
Site Type: Broad
Commercial Office
SITEDESC
These buildings were recorded in 2013 by ARS. No 25-29 appears to have been built between 1884-1886 - replacing earlier buildings. They appear to have been used as the offices and production area for two local newspapers which first appear in Kelly's directory of 1886. Printing rooms and warehouses associated with this function were located in the courtyard behind the building, whilst living accommodation was provided at attic level for the caretaker. It is subsequently referred to as 'High Bridge Buildings'. From the 1926 directory High Bridge Buildings seems to have been incorporated into Ward's Buildings which stretch as far as no.39. Several developments on the ground and first floor levels of the building are associated with the conversion of offices to shops on the ground floor and of individual offices to an open-plan layout on the first floor. Aside from these aspects the building retains a significant proportion of its original features including fireplaces, timber panelling, bannister and cornicing.
Site Name
25-29 High Bridge
Site Type: Specific
Newspaper Office
HER Number
16225
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
Archaeological Research Services Ltd. 2013, No 15-29 High Bridge, Newcastle upon Tyne - archaeological building recording; Various building plans relating to 25-29 High Bridge TWAS MD.NC/BC/plan/T186/10404; Goad Fire Insurance Plan 1927
YEAR1
2014
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Commercial
COMP1
Claire MacRae
DAY1
07
District
Newcastle
Easting
424870
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MATERIAL
Brick
MONTH1
4
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564170
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Newcastle
Description
The building was recorded in 2013 by ARS. No 23 as constructed between 1886-1898- (more likely closer to 1886) replacing earlier buildings. It is difficult to recognise in the trade directories due to renumbering and demolition of buildings on the street. Fire Insurance Plans of 1927 state that the building was in use as a clothing warehouse. The ground floor may have originally functioned as a shop as the present shop front appears original. A number of original features, including a fireplace, exist on the first floor.
Site Type: Broad
Shop
SITEDESC
The building was recorded in 2013 by ARS. No 23 as constructed between 1886-1898 (more likely closer to 1886) replacing earlier buildings. It is difficult to recognise in the trade directories due to renumbering and demolition of buildings on the street. Fire Insurance Plans of 1927 state that the building was in use as a clothing warehouse. The ground floor may have originally functioned as a shop as the present shop front appears original. A number of original features, including a fireplace, exist on the first floor.
Site Name
23 High Bridge
Site Type: Specific
Shop
HER Number
16224
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
Archaeological Research Services Ltd. 2013, No 15-29 High Bridge, Newcastle upon Tyne - archaeological building recording; Goad Fire Insurance Plan 1927
YEAR1
2014
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Commercial
COMP1
Claire MacRae
DAY1
07
District
Newcastle
Easting
424860
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MATERIAL
Brick
MONTH1
4
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564160
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
Early 20th Century 1901 to 1932
Place
Newcastle
Description
These buildings were recorded in 2013 by ARS. No 15-21 appears to have been built c.1927 - replacing earlier buildings. They appear in Ward's directory 1928 as High Bridge House. (In earlier trade directories No. 15, 17, 19 and 21 are listed either seperately or in pairs). By 1938 it had eleven occupants engaged in various trades including carpet manufacturing, warehousing and retail. This building is of Art Deco style and is 6 storeys in height with a flat roof. The main entrance into No.21 bears a black marble plaque with 'High Bridge House' written in white. Two small granite steps lead up to the door the first of which also bears the name 'High Bridge House'. Internally the building has lost the majority of its internal fixtures and fittings. Several stud partition walls have been inserted to create office space and openings have been created between this and adjoining buildings at first and second floor level.
SITEASS
2013: No. 15 Hype tattoo studio with former Thought Consultancy above, No. 17 High Bridge Jewellers, No. 19 former Greybear, No. 21 Union
Site Type: Broad
Shop
SITEDESC
These buildings were recorded in 2013 by ARS. No 15-21 appears to have been built c.1927 - replacing earlier buildings. They appear in Ward's directory 1928 as High Bridge House. (In earlier trade directories No. 15, 17, 19 and 21 are listed either seperately or in pairs). By 1938 it had eleven occupants engaged in various trades including carpet manufacturing, warehousing and retail. This building is of Art Deco style and is 6 storeys in height with a flat roof. The main entrance into No.21 bears a black marble plaque with 'High Bridge House' written in white. Two small granite steps lead up to the door the first of which also bears the name 'High Bridge House'. Internally the building has lost the majority of its internal fixtures and fittings. Several stud partition walls have been inserted to create office space and openings have been created between this and adjoining buildings at first and second floor level.
Site Name
15-21 High Bridge
Site Type: Specific
Shop
HER Number
16223
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
Archaeological Research Services Ltd. 2013, No 15-29 High Bridge, Newcastle upon Tyne - archaeological building recording
YEAR1
2014
English, British
Class
Domestic
COMP1
Claire MacRae
DAY1
07
District
N Tyneside
Easting
424390
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ27SW
MONTH1
4
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
572110
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Bronze Age -2,600 to -700
Place
Wideopen
Description
Multi-phased enclosure settlement typical of the coastal lowland Iron Age in south Northumberland. Radiocarbon analysis shows that the site was occupied, at least intermittently, throughout the Iron Age, and may have origins in the late Bronze Age. The earliest evidence for activity on the site come from a radiocarbon date taken from oak charcoal from the fill of a roundhouse ditch 5968-5750BC although this may represent evidence of transient late Mesolithic activity. The settlement is sub-rectangular in shape, defined by a large ditch. It comprises thirteen roundhouse plots, often reused several times, probably with two or three houses inhabited at once. Ploughing has removed most of the evidence for structural features such as postholes, wall slots and floors. The principle surviving features are deep penannular ditches defining each plot. An intermittent gully around the settlement is indicative of a timber palisade enclosing the site. This has been radiocarbon dated to the early Iron Age. Later, a double-ditched enclosure with a sub-enclosure in the southern part was constructed around the settlement. Palaeoenvironmental data indicates that spelt wheat and 6-row hulled barley were the main cereal crops used at the site. An unusual 'fire-shovel' was found by ASUD during the archaeologcal investigation, likely to have been a multi-purpose hearth tool - possibly a high status item. Other finds included prehistoric and later pottery, flints and quern stones. The settlement was abandoned around the turn of the millennium, probably before the Roman incursion. C.800-400BC Early unenclosed dwelling and subsequent small-scale palisaded enclosure (no evidence for assocaited dwellings). C.400-200BC Mid Iron Age abandonment of palisade, multiple phases of unenclosed roundhouses. C.200-100BC Mid-late Iron Age ditch enclosure of settlement. C.100AD Abandonment.
Site Type: Broad
Settlement
SITEDESC
Multi-phased enclosure settlement typical of the coastal lowland Iron Age in south Northumberland. Radiocarbon analysis shows that the site was occupied, at least intermittently, throughout the Iron Age, and may have origins in the late Bronze Age. The earliest evidence for activity on the site come from a radiocarbon date taken from oak charcoal from the fill of a roundhouse ditch 5968-5750BC although this may represent evidence of transient late Mesolithic activity. The settlement is sub-rectangular in shape, defined by a large ditch. It comprises thirteen roundhouse plots, often reused several times, probably with two or three houses inhabited at once. Ploughing has removed most of the evidence for structural features such as postholes, wall slots and floors. The principle surviving features are deep penannular ditches defining each plot. An intermittent gully around the settlement is indicative of a timber palisade enclosing the site. This has been radiocarbon dated to the early Iron Age. Later, a double-ditched enclosure with a sub-enclosure in the southern part was constructed around the settlement. Palaeoenvironmental data indicates that spelt wheat and 6-row hulled barley were the main cereal crops used at the site. An unusual 'fire-shovel' was found by ASUD during the archaeological investigation, likely to have been a multi-purpose hearth tool - possibly a high status item. Other finds included prehistoric and later pottery, flints and quern stones. The settlement was abandoned around the turn of the millennium, probably before the Roman incursion.
Occupation phase 1: A curvilinear gully can be assigned to a period of possible early un-enclosed activity on the site. It may be the remains of a roundhouse ring-gully representing very early Iron Age, or possibly late Bronze Age settlement.
Phase 2: After the phase 1 feature was out of use and backfilled, an oval palisaded enclosure was constructed. An inner palisade may have also existed. It is proposed that the outer palisade enclosed an area c.45m x 40m, and the inner palisade an area of c.25m x 20m. The palisades may have been used contemporaneously. One roundhouse is located within both palisade enclosures.
Phase 3: Phase of probable unenclosed settlement. This phase comprises three possible roundhouses and several ditches and gullies. Despite the removal of the enclosure palisades, the settlement remains centred in the same place. This open settlement may have begun as early as the 8th century BC.
Phase 4: Open settlement. Several roundhouse ring ditches were completely re-dug on the same plots. Radiocarbon dates indicate short lifespans for the houses. Some evidence for the spread of houses away from the nucleus.
Phase 5: No radiocarbon dates. Several roundhouses assigned to this phase by ASUD.
Phase 6: Probable that enclosure of this site occurred in the late Iron Age contemporary with neighbouring settlements. The earlier outer ditch was superseded by a linear boundary ditch along the west side and the inner/sub-enclosures along the south. C. 200-100BC
Phase 7: Inner enclosure/sub enclosure. The outer ditch had been backfilled prior to the construction of the sub-enclosure. It is probable that the sub-enclosure was unoccupied as there is only evidence for a short curvilinear ditch which could have co-existed within it. The sub-enclosure was re-established several times, initially with fences, then later with recut ditches. Recovery of a mortar, pestle, organic remains and burnt bone may reflect processing or consumption of food within the enclosure. The east entrance through the inner enclosure ditches was 8m wide. A timber gateway probably led into the enclosure narrowing the entrance to 2.2m.
Phase 8: Two roundhouses represent the final phase of occupation of the settlement. C.100AD abandonment.
Site Name
Wideopen, enclosed settlement
Site Type: Specific
Enclosed Settlement
HER Number
16222
Form of Evidence
Physical Evidence
Sources
Tyne & Wear Museums Archaeology Department, November 2002, East Wideopen, North Tyneside - Archaeological Assessment; Tyne & Wear Museums, East Wideopen, North Tyneside - Archaeological Desk-based Assessment; TWM Archaeology, 2009, East Wideopen, Tyne & Wear - Archaeological Geophysical Survey; TWM Archaeology, 2009, East Wideopen, Tyne and Wear - Archaeological Evaluation Interim Report; TWM Archaeology, February 2010, East Wideopen, Tyne and Wear - Archaeological Evaluation; Archaeological Services Durham University, 2014, East Wideopen, North Tyneside, Tyne and Wear, post-excavation full analysis