The 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan shows the location of this Brickfield. The 2nd edition Ordnance Survey plan shows buildings on the site, which is marked as a Brick Works.
Site Type: Broad
Brick and Tilemaking Site
SITEDESC
A Brickfield. The 2nd edition OS mapping shows buildings on the site, which is marked as a Brick Works.
Site Name
Walker, brickfield
Site Type: Specific
Brickfield
HER Number
4216
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4216 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 98
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Claire MacRae
Crossref
4265, 4206
DAY1
02
DAY2
14
District
Newcastle
Easting
429410
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MONTH1
09
MONTH2
09
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
565320
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Walker
Description
East Pit (Coal). Shown on Oliver's Plan of 1840. Marked as an Old Shaft on the 2nd edition OS mapping. Walker Colliery opened before 1765 and closed in 1920. Owners were Lambert & Co (1850s), N.G. Lambert & Co and then Walker Coal Company Ltd.
Site Type: Broad
Coal Mining Site
SITEDESC
East Pit (Coal). Shown on Oliver's Plan of 1840. Marked as an Old Shaft on the 2nd edition OS mapping. Walker Colliery opened before 1765 and closed in 1920. Owners were Lambert & Co (1850s), N.G. Lambert & Co and then Walker Coal Company Ltd.
Site Name
Walker Colliery, East Pit
Site Type: Specific
Colliery
HER Number
4215
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4215 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 98; Durham Mining Museum www.dmm.org.uk; Oliver, Plan of Walker Estate in the County of Northumberland, 1840, D/NCP/19/4
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2015
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Claire MacRae
DAY1
02
DAY2
05
District
Newcastle
Easting
428910
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MONTH1
09
MONTH2
11
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
565190
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Walker
Description
Delight Pit. Date of first working uncertain but a report book contains a document from 1824 containing queries by Matthias Dun regarding the best methods of working Charlotte, Delight and Engine Pits, Walker Colliery. The pit was in decline by 1912 the OS plan shows that the pithead and ancillary buildings were no longer present. Site now occupied by St Albans School.
Site Type: Broad
Coal Mining Site
SITEDESC
Delight Pit. Date of first working uncertain but a report book contains a document from 1824 containing queries by Matthias Dun regarding the best methods of working Charlotte, Delight and Engine Pits, Walker Colliery. The pit was in decline by 1912 the OS plan shows that the pithead and ancillary buildings were no longer present. Site now occupied by St Albans School.
Site Name
Delight Pit
Site Type: Specific
Colliery
HER Number
4214
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4214 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 98; Pre-Construct Archaeology, 2008, Sir Charles Parsons School, Westbourne Avenue, Walker - Archaeological Assessment
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2015
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
02
District
Newcastle
Easting
428460
EASTING2
2904
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MAP2
NZ26SE
MONTH1
09
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
565360
NORTHING2
6463
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Walker
Description
The line of a possible old wagonway is shown on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan.
Site Type: Broad
Tramway Transport Site
SITEDESC
The line of a possible old wagonway, shown on the 1st edition OS mapping.
Site Name
Walker, Wagonway?
Site Type: Specific
Wagonway
HER Number
4213
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4213 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 98
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
3056
DAY1
07
District
Sunderland
Easting
432190
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NW
MONTH1
02
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
555720
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Usworth
Description
A bleach works is listed in Pigot's National Commercial Directory 1834 as Washington Bleach Mill, the bleacher being Robson Clark. Hugh Lee Pattinson took over the bleach works to build his chemical works (HER 3056) in 1837 or 1842.
SITEASS
Chemical bleaching using chlorine was discovered in 1785 by Claude Louis Berthollet in France. The method came to Britain within a couple of years. Continuous bleaching was introduced by temporarily sewing the pieces of fabric together to form a long ribbon of cloth which was drawn through the various processes by powered winches. The cloth snaked through overhead porcelain 'eyes' between vats and kiers where it was steeped to keep it clear of the factory floor (William Jones, 1996, Dictionary of Industrial Archaeology, SH Higgins, 1924, A history of bleaching, AE Musson and E Robinson, 1969, Science and technology in the industrial revolution, chapter eight).
Site Type: Broad
Chemical Industry Site
SITEDESC
A bleach works is listed in Pigot's National Commercial Directory 1834 as Washington Bleach Mill, the bleacher being Robson Clark. Hugh Lee Pattinson took over the bleach works to build his chemical works (HER 3056) in 1837 or 1842.
Site Name
Usworth, bleach works
Site Type: Specific
Bleach Works
HER Number
6747
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 6747 >> Archaeo-Environment Ltd, 2004, Desk Top Assessment of the former Washington Chemical Works; Pigot and Co, 1834, National Commercial Directory; S. Miller and G. Nairn, 1998, The People's History Around Washington, pp 94-5
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
2005
English, British
Class
Domestic
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
COMP2
Claire MacRae
Crossref
3056
DAY1
07
DAY2
10
District
Sunderland
Easting
432200
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NW
MONTH1
02
MONTH2
09
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
555890
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Usworth
Description
Shown on Ordnance Survey first edition. Pattinson Town (named after the founder of Washington Chemical Works, Hugh Lee Pattinson) comprised of originally one row of terraced houses, each with a long garden. From a valuation of the works carried out in 1856, we know that these houses were workers cottages consisting of 3 rooms each, with a pantry, coal house, piggery and attached garden. There 28 cottages in all, 2 cottages occupied by cartmen. There was also a manager's house with 8 rooms and a garden, a foreman's house and a clerk's house. A footpath lead from the cottages to the works. By 1896 there was an additional row of cottages with allotments on the north side of the road for the residents. Demolished by 1964.
Site Type: Broad
Terrace
SITEDESC
Shown on Ordnance Survey first edition. Pattinson Town (named after the founder of Washington Chemical Works, Hugh Lee Pattinson) comprised of originally one row of terraced houses, each with a long garden. From a valuation of the works carried out in 1856, we know that these houses were workers cottages consisting of 3 rooms each, with a pantry, coal house, piggery and attached garden. There 28 cottages in all, 2 cottages occupied by cartmen. There was also a manager's house with 8 rooms and a garden, a foreman's house and a clerk's house. A footpath lead from the cottages to the works. By 1896 there was an additional row of cottages with allotments on the north side of the road for the residents. Demolished by 1964. The foundation course of part of a wall and some paving was revealed during an archaeological evaluation excavation in 2014.
Site Name
Pattinson Town
Site Type: Specific
Terrace
HER Number
6746
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 6746 >> Ordnance Survey first edition map 1850; Archaeo-Environment Ltd, 2004, Desk Top Assessment of the former Washington Chemical Works; Archaeological Services Durham University, 2014, Washington Chemical Works, Tyne and Wear - Archaeological Evaluation
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
2005
YEAR2
2014
English, British
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
725
DAY1
04
District
N Tyneside
Easting
435380
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ37SE
MATERIAL
Sandstone
MONTH1
02
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
572050
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Whitley Bay
Description
Built in 1864 by Salvin, at the expense of the Duke of Northumberland. Snecked sandstone. Three-stage tower with mask corbel table under an octagonal spire. Stained glass - west window to William died 1883, son of W.B. Wilkinson of Newcastle, who in 1854 patented a successful reinforced concrete. North aisle first window by Wailes & Strang. Third window dated 1901 by Camm & Co of Smethwick. Lychgate 1894 by W.S Hicks. The boundary wall includes a grade two listed drinking fountain. LISTED GRADE 2
Site Type: Broad
Place of Worship
SITEDESC
Built in 1864 by Salvin, at the expense of the Duke of Northumberland. Snecked sandstone. Three-stage tower with mask corbel table under an octagonal spire. Stained glass - west window to William died 1883, son of W.B. Wilkinson of Newcastle, who in 1854 patented a successful reinforced concrete. North aisle first window by Wailes & Strang. Third window dated 1901 by Camm & Co of Smethwick. Lychgate 1894 by W.S Hicks. The boundary wall includes a grade two listed drinking fountain.
Site Name
Church of St. Paul
Site Type: Specific
Church
SITE_STAT
Listed Building Grade II
HER Number
6745
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
The Archaeological Practice, 2004, The Coliseum, Whitley Bay, Archaeological Assessment; N. Pevsner and I. Richmond, second edition revised by G. McCombie, P. Ryder and H. Welfare, 1992, The Buildings of England: Northumberland, p 625; Department of National Heritage, List of Buildings of Special Architectural or Historic Interest, 5/181 and 5/180
SURVIVAL
100%
YEAR1
2005
English, British
Class
Commercial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
725
DAY1
04
District
N Tyneside
Easting
435480
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ37SE
MONTH1
02
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
572110
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
Early 20th Century 1901 to 1932
Place
Whitley Bay
Description
Attractive shop on corner of Whitley Road and Park Avenue with huge windows, some with arched fanlights above. Curved corner window has a balcony/balustrade. Looks contemporary in date to the front of the Coliseum Theatre two doors up, which was erected in the 1930s. LOCAL LIST
Site Type: Broad
Shop
SITEDESC
Attractive shop on corner of Whitley Road and Park Avenue with huge windows, some with arched fanlights above. Curved corner window has a balcony/balustrade. 1926. Built 1926, as shown in tile work. An impressive building with good positioning on the corner in Whitley Bay town centre. Local Register status only applies to the corner block.
Site Name
256 Whitley Road, Belvedere shop
Site Type: Specific
Shop
SITE_STAT
Local List
HER Number
6744
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
The Archaeological Practice, 2004, The Coliseum, Whitley Bay, Archaeological Assessment; North Tyneside Council, November 2008, Register of Buildings and Parks of Special Local Architectural and Historic Interest SDP (Local Development Document 9)
SURVIVAL
100%
YEAR1
2005
English, British
Class
Civil
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
725
DAY1
04
District
N Tyneside
Easting
435560
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ37SE
MATERIAL
Brick
MONTH1
02
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
572160
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
Early 20th Century 1901 to 1932
Place
Whitley Bay
Description
The Northumberland Constabulary fire station opened in 1909. It is shown on the Ordnance Survey third edition map of 1919. Still there. "Council Cottage" was demolished to make way for it.
Site Type: Broad
Fire Station
SITEDESC
The Northumberland Constabulary fire station opened in 1909. It is shown on the 3rd edition Ordnance Survey map of 1919. Still there. "Council Cottage" was demolished to make way for it.
Site Name
Whitley Bay, fire station
Site Type: Specific
Fire Station
HER Number
6743
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
The Archaeological Practice, 2004, The Coliseum, Whitley Bay, Archaeological Assessment
SURVIVAL
100%
YEAR1
2005
English, British
Class
Domestic
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
725
DAY1
04
District
N Tyneside
Easting
435540
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ37SE
MATERIAL
Brick
MONTH1
02
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
572170
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Whitley Bay
Description
A long north-south building is shown at this location on the Ordnance Survey second edition map of 1898. It may be Mr Wilkin's Cottage. Still in existence.
Site Type: Broad
House
SITEDESC
A long north-south building is shown at this location on the 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map of 1898. It may be Mr Wilkin's Cottage. Still in existence. Brick with slate roof.
Site Name
The Barracks, former pitman's cottage
Site Type: Specific
Detached House
HER Number
6742
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
The Archaeological Practice, 2004, The Coliseum, Whitley Bay, Archaeological Assessment