Site of kipper factory. Kipper tails were a cheap yet nutritious meal for low income families. J. Shiells, fish curer, is listed in Wards Directory of 1892. The business was operating from Foundry Lane from at least 1890. The Shiells moved to Newcastle from Scotland. The business closed during the Second World War due to poor supplies of fish, but it was reopened again after the War. The site was sold to Kelly Plant Hire in the 1970s. The kipper house, which was a tall wooden shed where the herrings were smoked and prepared, has gone, but the small brick office building survives. Tall stone walls survive fronting towards the Ouseburn. It is said that the drains to the Ouseburn still run orange from the fish dyes {Ouseburn Heritage 2002}.
Site Type: Broad
Food and Drink Industry Site
SITEDESC
Site of kipper factory. Kipper tails were a cheap yet nutritious meal for low income families. J. Shiells, fish curer, is listed in Ward's Directory of 1892. The business was operating from Foundry Lane from at least 1890. The Shiells moved to Newcastle from Scotland. The business closed during the Second World War due to poor supplies of fish, but it was reopened again after the War. The site was sold to Kelly Plant Hire in the 1970s. The kipper house, which was a tall wooden shed where the herrings were smoked and prepared, has gone, but the small brick office building survives. Tall stone walls survive fronting towards the Ouseburn. It is said that the drains to the Ouseburn still run orange from the fish dyes {Ouseburn Heritage 2002}.
Site Name
Shiell's Kipper House
Site Type: Specific
Smoke House
HER Number
5575
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
<< HER 5575 >> 2002, Ouseburn Heritage, Winter 2002, The Archaeological Practice Ltd.2006, Foundry Lane, Ouseburn, Newcastle upon Tyne, Archaeological Assessment
SURVIVAL
1-19%
YEAR1
2004
YEAR2
2014
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Fair
DAY1
30
District
Newcastle
Easting
426260
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MATERIAL
Brick
MONTH1
1
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564350
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Ouseburn
Description
Detached three-storey building on corner of Lime Street and Cut Bank. This was the coal depot of J.T. Potts. The Potts family acquired the property in 1898. Trade directories before this date list the property as "Montague Coal Depot" under the ownership of S. Wood. After 1898 the business is listed as T. Potts & Co, Coal Merchants. It was still in the Potts family in 1929. The offices were on the ground floor, with residential rooms above. Coal was stored in the yard to the rear. Access into the yard by coal wagons was through a passageway shown on the Ordnance Survey second edition.
SITEASS
Empty. Pebble dashed. Addition of metal security shutters. Yet still retains much of its original detailing, particularly its fenestration at first floor.
Site Type: Broad
Coal Mining Site
SITEDESC
Detached three-storey building on corner of Lime Street and Cut Bank. This was the coal depot of J.T. Potts. The Potts family acquired the property in 1898. Trade directories before this date list the property as "Montague Coal Depot" under the ownership of S. Wood. After 1898 the business is listed as T. Potts & Co, Coal Merchants. It was still in the Potts family in 1929. The offices were on the ground floor, with residential rooms above. Coal was stored in the yard to the rear. Access into the yard by coal wagons was through a passageway shown on the 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map. In 2009 the building is being restored.
Shown on Ordnance Survey second edition. J. Cook is listed as chemical manufacturer on Foundry Lane in Ward's Directory of 1892.
Site Type: Broad
Chemical Industry Site
SITEDESC
Shown on 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map. J. Cook is listed as chemical manufacturer on Foundry Lane in Ward's Directory of 1892.
Site Name
Ouseburn Chemical Works
Site Type: Specific
Chemical Works
HER Number
5573
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 5573 >> Pers. Comm. M. Greatbatch, 2004, Ouseburn Heritage Officer
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
2004
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
30
District
Newcastle
Easting
426280
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
1
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564460
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Ouseburn
Description
Shown on Ordnance Survey second edition. J. Spencer & Sons are listed as having a forge department on Foundry Lane in Ward's Directory of 1892. A locomotive was built here at the first Ouseburn foundry, Crowther's Ironworks, for the Lambton Wagonway in 1815.
Site Type: Broad
Metal Industry Site
SITEDESC
Shown on 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map. J. Spencer & Sons are listed as having a forge department on Foundry Lane in Ward's Directory of 1892. A locomotive was built here at the first Ouseburn foundry, Crowther's Ironworks, for the Lambton Wagonway in 1815.
Site Name
Ouseburn Iron Works
Site Type: Specific
Iron Works
HER Number
5572
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 5572 >> Pers. Comm. M. Greatbatch, 2004, Ouseburn Heritage Officer
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
2004
English, British
Class
Defence
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
COMP2
Claire MacRae
DAY1
31
DAY2
28
District
Newcastle
Easting
424500
Grid ref figure
8
HISTORY_TOPIC
World Wars
Map Sheet
NZ27SW
MATERIAL
Concrete
MONTH1
12
MONTH2
10
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
570420
parish
North Gosforth
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
Mid 20th Century 1933 to 1966
Place
Gosforth
Description
This was the Anti Aircraft Control Centre during WW2. In 1962 it became the Northumberland Records Office until 2007. The wartime control centre had been in the adjacent large house (HER 1873) which has now gone. Melton Park was still the command centre for the HAA Battery at Lizard Farm, Whitburn in 1952, the only battery in the area to be maintained in the Cold War period. Now demolished.
Site Type: Broad
Anti Aircraft Defence Site
SITEDESC
A bomb-proof concrete structure was built in 1951 to replace the WW2 operations room in Low Gosforth House (which was demolished in the early 1970s). Melton Park was still the command centre for Lizard Farm Heavy Anti-Aircraft Battery well into the 1950s, which was the only anti-aircraft site in the area to be kept in operation during the Cold War. Between 1962-2007 it was in use as Northumberland County Record Office. The building is a vast strong-room, partially sunk into the ground and walled, roofed and floored in reinforced concrete. The large central room where the operations table was once located, was once surrounded by a viewing gallery, later used as an exhibitions space by the Record Office. The Anti Aircraft Operation Room was turned down for listing in 2006 by English Heritage due to the alterations made in the 1960s. A building recording of the derelict building was undertaken in 2009 ahead of demolition.
Site Name
Melton Park, Anti Aircraft Operations Room
Site Type: Specific
Anti Aircraft Operations Room
HER Number
5571
Form of Evidence
Demolished Building
Sources
<< HER 5571 >> Alan Rudd, 1986, List of 20th century defence sites on Tyneside
J. Bailie, 1801, An Impartial History of … Newcastle upon Tyne; The Archaeological Practice Ltd. 2009, Former Northumberland Record Office, Melton Park, Newcastle upon Tyne, Archaeological Assessment and Historic Buildings Recording; The Archaeological Practice Ltd., 2010, Northumberland Record Office Site, Melton Park, Gosforth, Newcastle upon Tyne
YEAR1
2003
YEAR2
2014
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
31
DAY2
21
District
Newcastle
Easting
423890
Grid ref figure
8
HISTORY_TOPIC
World Wars
Map Sheet
NZ26NW
MONTH1
12
MONTH2
5
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
566860
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
First World War 1914 to 1918
Place
Gosforth
Description
An aircraft factory was established at Duke's Moor by Armstrong-Whitworth in 1913. They received contracts to build aircraft under license from the war office. RAF BE.2a machines (biplanes), followed by BE.2b and later BE.2c machines were built. The factory took over the former grandstand of Newcastle racecourse, which had become, after extensive alterations, the Roman Catholic Chadwick Memorial Industrial School for Boys after the town race meeting moved from the town moor to Gosforth in 1882. From 1910 to 1912 the building became a public skating rink. At the outbreak of War in August 1914, the war office instructed Armstrong-Whitworth to extend their works and placed an order for 250 BE.2c Biplanes. An erecting shop and two-bay hangar and a wood store and engine testing shed was built. A concrete platform led to the aerodrome on Duke's Moor. Chief Designer of the factory was Dutchman Frederick Koolhoven. His first plane for Armstrong-Whitworth was the FK.1 which made its maiden flight in September 1914. The plane was never produced however. Between November 1914 and March 1915, 1 Squadron RNAS C Flight was based here, equipped with four Bristol TB.8s. Koolhoven's next plane was the FK.2. A modified version of this, the FK.3 was actually produced from April 1916 and upgraded with a powerful 120 horse power Bearmore engine from June 1914. Armstrong-Whitworth's more successful plane design was the FK.8, a two-seater Corps reconnaissance aircraft. In June 1916 a new aerodrome was established on the town moor. Koolhoven left the company in 1917 and was replaced by F. Murphy. He designed two aircraft - the Armadillo and the Ara but neither made it into production. The Armstrong-Whitworth Air Department closed in October 1919, having made 1075 aircraft. The hangar and former grandstand have gone. A Kwik Fit garage now occupies the site. Part of this is stone built.
Site Type: Broad
Vehicle Factory
SITEDESC
An aircraft factory was established at Duke's Moor by Armstrong-Whitworth in 1913. They received contracts to build aircraft under license from the war office. RAF BE.2a machines (biplanes), followed by BE.2b and later BE.2c machines were built. The factory took over the former grandstand of Newcastle racecourse, which had become, after extensive alterations, the Roman Catholic Chadwick Memorial Industrial School for Boys after the town race meeting moved from the town moor to Gosforth in 1882. From 1910 to 1912 the building became a public skating rink. At the outbreak of War in August 1914, the war office instructed Armstrong-Whitworth to extend their works and placed an order for 250 BE.2c Biplanes. An erecting shop and two-bay hangar and a wood store and engine testing shed was built. A concrete platform led to the aerodrome on Duke's Moor. Chief Designer of the factory was Dutchman Frederick Koolhoven. His first plane for Armstrong-Whitworth was the FK.1 which made its maiden flight in September 1914. The plane was never produced however. Between November 1914 and March 1915, 1 Squadron RNAS C Flight was based here, equipped with four Bristol TB.8s. Koolhoven's next plane was the FK.2. A modified version of this, the FK.3 was actually produced from April 1916 and upgraded with a powerful 120 horse power Bearmore engine from June 1914. Armstrong-Whitworth's more successful plane design was the FK.8, a two-seater Corps reconnaissance aircraft. In June 1916 a new aerodrome was established on the town moor. Koolhoven left the company in 1917 and was replaced by F. Murphy. He designed two aircraft - the Armadillo and the Ara but neither made it into production. The Armstrong-Whitworth Air Department closed in October 1919, having made 1075 aircraft. The hangar and former grandstand have gone. A Kwik Fit garage now occupies the site. Part of this is stone built.
Site Name
Grandstand Road, Aircraft Factory
Site Type: Specific
Aircraft Factory
HER Number
5570
Form of Evidence
Demolished Building
Sources
<< HER 5570 >> Pers. Comm. A. Malkin, 2003; Dukes Moor Aerodrome, North East Aviation Research (The North East Aircraft Museum research & archive website) www.neaviationresearch.org.uk/Airfields/Histories/DukesMoor.htm
YEAR1
2003
YEAR2
2012
English, British
Class
Defence
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
31
District
Newcastle
Easting
416000
Grid ref figure
6
HISTORY_TOPIC
World Wars
Map Sheet
NZ16NE
MONTH1
12
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
566800
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
20th Century 1901 to 2000
Place
Throckley
Description
Anderson shelter in back garden, entirely above ground, but now demolished.
Site Type: Broad
Civil Defence Site
SITEDESC
Anderson shelter in back garden - entirely above ground - now demolished.
Site Name
8 Northway, Anderson Shelter
Site Type: Specific
Anderson Shelter
HER Number
5569
Form of Evidence
Demolished Building
Sources
<< HER 5569 >> Pers. Comm. M. Greatbatch, 2004, Ouseburn Heritage Officer
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
2003
English, British
Class
Defence
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
30
District
Sunderland
Easting
441000
Grid ref figure
4
HISTORY_TOPIC
World Wars
Map Sheet
NZ45SW
MONTH1
12
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
553000
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
Second World War 1939 to 1945
Place
Ryhope
Description
Searchlight Battery - During WW2 many of the Tyneside searchlights were manned by the 225th Anti Aircraft Artillery (Searchlight Batallion) USA. Their headquarters was at Debdon Gardens in Newcastle (HER 5559). Many of the searchlight sites were used as low security POW camps after the American troops left, accomodating the prisoners who were working on local farms. Until radar was invented, searchlights were the only means by which aimed anti-aircraft fire and fighter interception were possible at night. The searchlights forced the enemy aircraft to fly higher, thus reducing their bombing accuracy. They also guided disabled allied aircraft back to base. During WW1 searchlights were emplaced to defend London and other vulnerable points. In 1916 a searchlight belt was established 25 miles inland from Sussex to Northumberland. In WW2 almost the whole country was covered in a grid of searchlights. A searchlight site would comprise of a circular earthwork around 9.14 metres in diameter for a 90cm light, a predictor emplacement, at least one light anti aircraft machine gun pit and a number of huts for the detachment and generator. These sites only generally survive as crop marks, unless the huts or foundations survive {"20th Century Defences in Briatin, An Introductory Guide", 1995, Handbook of The Defence of Briatin Project}.
Site Type: Broad
Anti Aircraft Defence Site
SITEDESC
Searchlight Battery - During WW2 many of the Tyneside searchlights were manned by the 225th Anti Aircraft Artillery (Searchlight Battalion) USA. Their headquarters was at Debdon Gardens in Newcastle (HER 5559). Many of the searchlight sites were used as low security POW camps after the American troops left, accommodating the prisoners who were working on local farms. Until radar was invented, searchlights were the only means by which aimed anti-aircraft fire and fighter interception were possible at night. The searchlights forced the enemy aircraft to fly higher, thus reducing their bombing accuracy. They also guided disabled allied aircraft back to base. During WW1 searchlights were emplaced to defend London and other vulnerable points. In 1916 a searchlight belt was established 25 miles inland from Sussex to Northumberland. In WW2 almost the whole country was covered in a grid of searchlights. A searchlight site would comprise of a circular earthwork around 9.14m in diameter for a 90cm light, a predictor emplacement, at least one light anti aircraft machine gun pit and a number of huts for the detachment and generator. These sites only generally survive as crop marks, unless the huts or foundations survive {"20th Century Defences in Britain, An Introductory Guide", 1995, Handbook of The Defence of Britain Project}.
Site Name
Ryhope, Ryhope Road, Searchlight Battery TT226
Site Type: Specific
Searchlight Battery
HER Number
5568
Form of Evidence
Demolished Building
Sources
<< HER 5568 >> 2003, Searchlight Sites on Tyneside - 18 November 1944, www.skylighters.org
Council For British Archaeology, 1995, Twentieth Century, Defences in Britain - An Introductory Guide Handbook of The Defence of Britain Project, p 62-63
YEAR1
2003
English, British
Class
Defence
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
30
District
Sunderland
Easting
434000
Grid ref figure
4
HISTORY_TOPIC
World Wars
Map Sheet
NZ34NE
MONTH1
12
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
550000
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
Second World War 1939 to 1945
Place
Houghton-le-Spring
Description
Searchlight Battery - During WW2 many of the Tyneside searchlights were manned by the 225th Anti Aircraft Artillery (Searchlight Batallion) USA. Their headquarters was at Debdon Gardens in Newcastle (HER 5559). Many of the searchlight sites were used as low security POW camps after the American troops left, accomodating the prisoners who were working on local farms. Until radar was invented, searchlights were the only means by which aimed anti-aircraft fire and fighter interception were possible at night. The searchlights forced the enemy aircraft to fly higher, thus reducing their bombing accuracy. They also guided disabled allied aircraft back to base. During WW1 searchlights were emplaced to defend London and other vulnerable points. In 1916 a searchlight belt was established 25 miles inland from Sussex to Northumberland. In WW2 almost the whole country was covered in a grid of searchlights. A searchlight site would comprise of a circular earthwork around 9.14 metres in diameter for a 90cm light, a predictor emplacement, at least one light anti aircraft machine gun pit and a number of huts for the detachment and generator. These sites only generally survive as crop marks, unless the huts or foundations survive {"20th Century Defences in Briatin, An Introductory Guide", 1995, Handbook of The Defence of Briatin Project}.
Site Type: Broad
Anti Aircraft Defence Site
SITEDESC
Searchlight Battery - During WW2 many of the Tyneside searchlights were manned by the 225th Anti Aircraft Artillery (Searchlight Battalion) USA. Their headquarters was at Debdon Gardens in Newcastle (HER 5559). Many of the searchlight sites were used as low security POW camps after the American troops left, accommodating the prisoners who were working on local farms. Until radar was invented, searchlights were the only means by which aimed anti-aircraft fire and fighter interception were possible at night. The searchlights forced the enemy aircraft to fly higher, thus reducing their bombing accuracy. They also guided disabled allied aircraft back to base. During WW1 searchlights were emplaced to defend London and other vulnerable points. In 1916 a searchlight belt was established 25 miles inland from Sussex to Northumberland. In WW2 almost the whole country was covered in a grid of searchlights. A searchlight site would comprise of a circular earthwork around 9.14m in diameter for a 90cm light, a predictor emplacement, at least one light anti aircraft machine gun pit and a number of huts for the detachment and generator. These sites only generally survive as crop marks, unless the huts or foundations survive {"20th Century Defences in Britain, An Introductory Guide", 1995, Handbook of The Defence of Britain Project}.
Site Name
Houghton-le-Spring, Searchlight Battery TT224
Site Type: Specific
Searchlight Battery
HER Number
5567
Form of Evidence
Demolished Building
Sources
<< HER 5567 >> 2003, Searchlight Sites on Tyneside - 18 November 1944, www.skylighters.org
Council For British Archaeology, 1995, Twentieth Century, Defences in Britain - An Introductory Guide Handbook of The Defence of Britain Project, p 62-63
YEAR1
2003
English, British
Class
Defence
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
30
District
Sunderland
Easting
436000
Grid ref figure
4
HISTORY_TOPIC
World Wars
Map Sheet
NZ34NE
MONTH1
12
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
546000
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
Second World War 1939 to 1945
Place
Easington Lane
Description
Searchlight Battery - During WW2 many of the Tyneside searchlights were manned by the 225th Anti Aircraft Artillery (Searchlight Batallion) USA. Their headquarters was at Debdon Gardens in Newcastle (HER 5559). Many of the searchlight sites were used as low security POW camps after the American troops left, accomodating the prisoners who were working on local farms. Until radar was invented, searchlights were the only means by which aimed anti-aircraft fire and fighter interception were possible at night. The searchlights forced the enemy aircraft to fly higher, thus reducing their bombing accuracy. They also guided disabled allied aircraft back to base. During WW1 searchlights were emplaced to defend London and other vulnerable points. In 1916 a searchlight belt was established 25 miles inland from Sussex to Northumberland. In WW2 almost the whole country was covered in a grid of searchlights. A searchlight site would comprise of a circular earthwork around 9.14 metres in diameter for a 90cm light, a predictor emplacement, at least one light anti aircraft machine gun pit and a number of huts for the detachment and generator. These sites only generally survive as crop marks, unless the huts or foundations survive {"20th Century Defences in Briatin, An Introductory Guide", 1995, Handbook of The Defence of Briatin Project}.
Site Type: Broad
Anti Aircraft Defence Site
SITEDESC
Searchlight Battery - During WW2 many of the Tyneside searchlights were manned by the 225th Anti Aircraft Artillery (Searchlight Battalion) USA. Their headquarters was at Debdon Gardens in Newcastle (HER 5559). Many of the searchlight sites were used as low security POW camps after the American troops left, accommodating the prisoners who were working on local farms. Until radar was invented, searchlights were the only means by which aimed anti-aircraft fire and fighter interception were possible at night. The searchlights forced the enemy aircraft to fly higher, thus reducing their bombing accuracy. They also guided disabled allied aircraft back to base. During WW1 searchlights were emplaced to defend London and other vulnerable points. In 1916 a searchlight belt was established 25 miles inland from Sussex to Northumberland. In WW2 almost the whole country was covered in a grid of searchlights. A searchlight site would comprise of a circular earthwork around 9.14m in diameter for a 90cm light, a predictor emplacement, at least one light anti aircraft machine gun pit and a number of huts for the detachment and generator. These sites only generally survive as crop marks, unless the huts or foundations survive {"20th Century Defences in Britain, An Introductory Guide", 1995, Handbook of The Defence of Britain Project}. A Desk Based Assessment of Murton Lane in 2006 located the battery and probable service road on an 1948 RAF aerial photograph. Evaluation in 2008 however failed to record any evidence of the battery, although a service trench possibly associated with it was found.
Site Name
Easington Lane, Searchlight Battery TT223
Site Type: Specific
Searchlight Battery
HER Number
5566
Form of Evidence
Demolished Building
Sources
<< HER 5566 >> 2003, Searchlight Sites on Tyneside - 18 November 1944, www.skylighters.org
Council For British Archaeology, 1995, Twentieth Century, Defences in Britain - An Introductory Guide Handbook of The Defence of Britain Project, p 62-63; Archaeological Services Durham University, 2006, Easington Lane - Archaeological Assessment; Aerial Photograph held by NMR RAF/58/B/26 Frame 5142 9th May 1948; T. Frain, Tyne and Wear Museums, 2008, Easington Lane, Tyne and Wear - Archaeological Evaluation