Due to the growth in population in Hebburn and the inconvenience of travelling to the cemeteries at Jarrow and Hedworth, the Monkton and Jarrow Burial Board purchased 14 acres of land for Hebburn Cemetery. It opened in 1890. The entrance is a gothic arch with an avenue leading to two gothic chapels, one Church of Englnad the other Nonconformist. The chapels are linked by a gateway arch by Frederick West of Hebburn) and topped with a 75 foot high spire
Site Type: Broad
Cemetery
SITEDESC
Due to the growth in population in Hebburn and the inconvenience of travelling to the cemeteries at Jarrow and Hedworth, the Monkton and Jarrow Burial Board purchased 14 acres of land for Hebburn Cemetery. It opened in 1890. The entrance is a gothic arch with an avenue leading to two gothic chapels, one Church of England the other Nonconformist. The chapels are linked by a gateway arch by Frederick West of Hebburn) and topped with a 75ft high spire. The cemetery was extended in the 20th century and again by 1941-2.
Site Name
Hebburn Cemetery
Site Type: Specific
Mixed Cemetery
HER Number
5234
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 5234 >> F. Green, 1995, Historic Parks & Gardens in Tyne and Wear, Stage 2 Research; Simpson & Brown and South Tyneside Council, 2007, Hebburn Hall Conservation Area - First draft Character Appraisal; www.hebburn.org; www.norman.dunn247.com; www.999hebburn.co.uk
SURVIVAL
100%
YEAR1
2003
English, British
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Good
DAY1
06
District
S Tyneside
Easting
437600
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
1
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
565400
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Harton
Description
Consecrated in 1890. By 1894 17 of the total 31 acres had been laid out to the design of Mr. Bernard Cowen. Simple grid pattern with broad walks and avenues of mature trees. Hodgson described Harton Cemetery in 1924 as "probably one of the handsomest and most tastefully laid out in the north". The impressive buildings were by Henry Grieves. In the centre of the grounds are two mortuary chapels linked by an arched gateway with lantern tower and spire. A separate area was provided for the Jewish community. The lodge comprises of the superintendent's house and a boardroom for the cemetery committee.
SITEASS
Pevsner - several good buildings by Henry Grieves, 1888-91. In the midst of the cemetery, a very elaborate set-piece in free late Perp: a pair of mortuary chapels linked by an arched gateway surmounted by an elegant lantern tower (with ogee-capped buttresses) and spire. Gabled entrance gateway flanked by gabled side gates. In the lodge (some half-timbering in its gable) the superintendent's house and cemetery committee boardroom.
Site Type: Broad
Cemetery
SITEDESC
Consecrated in 1890. By 1894 17 of the total 31 acres had been laid out to the design of Mr. Bernard Cowen. Simple grid pattern with broad walks and avenues of mature trees. Hodgson described Harton Cemetery in 1924 as "probably one of the handsomest and most tastefully laid out in the north". The impressive buildings were by Henry Grieves. In the centre of the grounds are two mortuary chapels linked by an arched gateway with lantern tower and spire. A separate area was provided for the Jewish community. The lodge comprises of the superintendent's house and a boardroom for the cemetery committee {1 and 2}.
Site Name
Harton Cemetery
Site Type: Specific
Mixed Cemetery
HER Number
5233
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 5233 >> F. Green, 1995, A Guide to the Historic Parks and Gardens of Tyne and Wear, p 29
F. Green, 1995, Historic Parks & Gardens in Tyne and Wear, Stage 2 Research
G.B. Hodgson, 1924, The History of South Shields
Whellan, 1894, History of Durham
SURVIVAL
100%
YEAR1
2003
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Good
DAY1
06
District
Newcastle
Easting
425800
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MONTH1
1
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 26 NE 101
Northing
565700
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Jesmond
Description
Cemetery with a municipal design. First cemetery in Newcastle to be instigated by the Burial Board. The cemetery grounds were divided into wards often defined by avenues of trees. Consecrated in 1855. Opened in 1856. Fine elm tree central to the main entrance viewed through a gabled Gothic archway designed by Benjamin Green {1 and 2}. The Victorian Lodge was replaced in the 20th century. The cemetery was extended to Osborne Avenue, from just under 10 acres by another 1.3 hectares in 1881. A pedestrian gate gives access into the enlarged cemetery. When Carliol Gaol was demolished in 1924 the bodies of executed criminals were transferred into unmarked graves at All Saints. There have been nearly 90,000 burials here. The cemtery is surrounded by cast iron railings with fleur-de-lys heads. Thomas Harrison Hair (1810-1875) the artist best known for his Views of the Collieries of Northumberland and Durham, is buried here in an unmarked grave.
Site Type: Broad
Cemetery
SITEDESC
Cemetery with a municipal design. First cemetery in Newcastle to be instigated by the Burial Board. The cemetery grounds were divided into wards often defined by avenues of trees. Consecrated in 1855. Opened in 1856. Fine elm tree central to the main entrance viewed through a gabled Gothic archway designed by Benjamin Green {1 and 2}. The Victorian Lodge was replaced in the 20th century. The cemetery was extended to Osborne Avenue, from just under 10 acres by another 1.3 hectares in 1881. A pedestrian gate gives access into the enlarged cemetery. When Carliol Gaol was demolished in 1924 the bodies of executed criminals were transferred into unmarked graves at All Saints. There have been nearly 90,000 burials here. The cemetery is surrounded by cast iron railings with fleur-de-lys heads. Thomas Harrison Hair (1810-1875) the artist best known for his Views of the Collieries of Northumberland and Durham, is buried here in an unmarked grave.
Site Name
All Saints Cemetery
Site Type: Specific
Inhumation Cemetery
SITE_STAT
Local List
HER Number
5232
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 5232 >> F. Green, 1995, A Guide to the Historic Parks and Gardens of Tyne and Wear, p 30
F. Green, 1995, Historic Parks & Gardens in Tyne and Wear, Stage 2 Research; Newcastle City Council, 2007, South Jesmond Conservation Area Character Statement, p 38-39; Alan Morgan, 2004, Beyond the Grave - Exploring Newcastle's Burial Grounds, pp 66-73; Alan Morgan, 2010, Jesmond from mines to mansions, page 118
SURVIVAL
100%
YEAR1
2003
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Domestic
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Poor
DAY1
03
District
Sunderland
Easting
437420
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35SE
MONTH1
1
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
552850
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Silksworth
Description
Fiona Green identifies the cave-like structure on the west side of the pond as an icehouse {1 and 2} (NZ 3739 5283), however this was apparently built by Charles D. Doxford (d. 1935) to house the generator that drove the cascade from the top of the rocks into the pond beneath. A more likely candidate for an icehouse or perhaps a game larder is the semi-subterranean brick structure with stone retaining walls, built into the bank to the immediate north-east of the pond. It retains some galvanized iron shelving.
SITEASS
This is in very poor condition. Visited structure in November 2001 and found it to be suffering from graffiti and vandalism. It is also a haven for antisocial behaviour so the Sunderland Antiquarian Society are proposing filling in the structure and the sunken pathway which leads to it with earth.
Site Type: Broad
Icehouse
SITEDESC
Fiona Green identifies the cave-like structure on the west side of the pond as an icehouse {1 and 2} (NZ 3739 5283), however this was apparently built by Charles D. Doxford (d. 1935) to house the generator that drove the cascade from the top of the rocks into the pond beneath. A more likely candidate for an icehouse or perhaps a game larder is the semi-subterranean brick structure with stone retaining walls, built into the bank to the immediate north-east of the pond. It retains some galvanized iron shelving.
Site Name
Silksworth, Doxford Park, icehouse
Site Type: Specific
Icehouse
HER Number
5231
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 5231 >> Pers. Comm. D. Smith, 2001, The Sunderland Antiquarian Society
F. Green, 1995, A Guide to the Historic Parks and Gardens of Tyne and Wear, p 21
F. Green, 1995, Historic Parks & Gardens in Tyne and Wear, Stage 2 Research
SURVIVAL
80-90%
YEAR1
2003
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Gardens Parks and Urban Spaces
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Poor
DAY1
03
District
Sunderland
Easting
437200
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35SE
MATERIAL
Brick
MONTH1
1
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
552910
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Silksworth
Description
Kitchen garden within Doxford Park with superb brick walls. Some were used as hot walls for growing fruit. Many flues are visible due the deterioration of the structure. The walled garden is shown on the Tithe Map of 1842. The hot wall still survives, which contained the flues which heated the wall for the cultivation of exotic fruit. Charles Doxford apparently liked melon for breakfast. The hot walls were heated by boilers located to the rear of the greenhouses, which heated a series of pipes that distributed the heat evenly across the walls. The kitchen garden was always located away from the main house as it was considered to be part of the services not part of the landscaped gardens. This is the only surviving example in Sunderland. The walls are in poor condition. Plant growth needs to be removed and the walls re-pointed. The western half of the walled garden is presently used as a maintenance depot, the eastern half is still a community garden. Ideally the whole structure should be returned to use as a kitchen garden. There is a pretty arch through the southern wall of the garden.
SITEASS
Currently used as council depot, but part of the walled garden is once again being laid out as a kitchen garden. Brickwork in poor condition.
Site Type: Broad
Garden
SITEDESC
Kitchen garden within Doxford Park with superb brick walls. Some were used as hot walls for growing fruit. Many flues are visible due the deterioration of the structure {1}. The walled garden is shown on the Tithe Map of 1842. The hot wall still survives, which contained the flues which heated the wall for the cultivation of exotic fruit. Charles Doxford apparently liked melon for breakfast. The hot walls were heated by boilers located to the rear of the greenhouses, which heated a series of pipes that distributed the heat evenly across the walls. The kitchen garden was always located away from the main house as it was considered to be part of the services not part of the landscaped gardens. This is the only surviving example in Sunderland. The walls are in poor condition. Plant growth needs to be removed and the walls re-pointed. The western half of the walled garden is presently used as a maintenance depot, the eastern half is still a community garden. Ideally the whole structure should be returned to use as a kitchen garden. There is a pretty arch through the southern wall of the garden.
Site Name
Silksworth, Doxford Park, Walled Garden
Site Type: Specific
Kitchen Garden
HER Number
5230
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 5230 >> F. Green, 1995, A Guide to the Historic Parks and Gardens of Tyne and Wear, p 21; F. Green, 1995, Historic Parks & Gardens in Tyne and Wear, Stage 2 Research; Sunderland City Council, November 2009, Silksworth Hall Conservation Area Character Appraisal and Management Strategy, Consultation Draft
SURVIVAL
80-90%
YEAR1
2003
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Gardens Parks and Urban Spaces
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Poor
DAY1
03
District
Sunderland
Easting
437500
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ35SE
MONTH1
1
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
552800
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Silksworth
Description
Silksworth House (later Doxford House) garden is now a public park. Estate walls remain. The house and garden are now separated by a wall. A grassed embankment runs behind the house, sloping down to a long narrow pond. The pond is a central feature to the layout of the paths which lead to an area where a dene is formed by the steam feeding the pond. To the north is a kitchen garden (HER 5230). The walk to the kitchen garden is via a beech avenue {1}. The remains of a fountain survive in the pond {2}. Although some of the intimate relationship between the house and garden has been lost, excellent views of the house can still be had acrodd the open spaces of the park. The northern entrance to the park by the West Lodge still features some of the estate walls and a swathe of mature trees. To the north of the park there are open fields and the walled garden (HER 5230). Adjacent to the walled garden were glass houses, a mushroom house and a potting shed, a laundry, stores, workers cottages and a slaughter house. The southern part of the park are still discernible as the landscaped gardens of the house.
SITEASS
Park is in poor condition. Water level in the pond is low, exposing concrete edge. Park features require restoration. Park is a haven for antisocial activities.
Site Type: Broad
Park
SITEDESC
Silksworth House (later Doxford House) garden is now a public park. Estate walls remain. The house and garden are now separated by a wall. A grassed embankment runs behind the house, sloping down to a long narrow pond. The pond is a central feature to the layout of the paths which lead to an area where a dene is formed by the steam feeding the pond. To the north is a kitchen garden (HER 5230). The walk to the kitchen garden is via a beech avenue {1}. The remains of a fountain survive in the pond {2}. Although some of the intimate relationship between the house and garden has been lost, excellent views of the house can still be had across the open spaces of the park. The northern entrance to the park by the West Lodge still features some of the estate walls and a swathe of mature trees. To the north of the park there are open fields and the walled garden (HER 5230). Adjacent to the walled garden were glass houses, a mushroom house and a potting shed, a laundry, stores, workers cottages and a slaughter house. The southern part of the park are still discernible as the landscaped gardens of the house.
Site Name
Silksworth, Doxford House garden (Doxford Park)
Site Type: Specific
Landscape Park
HER Number
5229
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 5229 >> F. Green, 1995, A Guide to the Historic Parks and Gardens of Tyne and Wear, p 21
F. Green, 1995, Historic Parks & Gardens in Tyne and Wear, Stage 2 Research; Sunderland City Council, November 2009, Silksworth Hall Conservation Area Character Appraisal and Management Strategy, Consultation Draft
SURVIVAL
80-90%
YEAR1
2003
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Transport
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
5226,5527
DAY1
03
DAY2
26
District
Gateshead
Easting
422030
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MATERIAL
Sandstone
MONTH1
1
MONTH2
5
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
561320
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Whickham
Description
Late 18th century-early 19th century. Two central bays ashlar, remainder coursed squared sandstone. Lakeland slate roof. L-plan, 2 storey. Central gable has two segmental-headed carriage entrances under small square windows. Painted clock dial in stone surround in gable peak. Square louvred bell cote. One-storey sections either side have two high round-headed doors; square headed stair entrance left of gable. Outer stair to loft door. LISTED GRADE 2
SITEASS
Archaeologically recorded in 2004 in advance of conversion to housing.
Site Type: Broad
Stable
SITEDESC
Late 18th century-early C19. Two central bays ashlar, remainder coursed squared sandstone. Lakeland slate roof. L-plan, 2 storey. Central gable has two segmental-headed carriage entrances under small square windows. Painted clock dial in stone surround in gable peak. Square louvred bell cote. One-storey sections either side have two high round-headed doors; square headed stair entrance left of gable. Outer stair to loft door {1}.
Site Name
Dunston Hill House, Stables
Site Type: Specific
Stable
SITE_STAT
Listed Building Grade II
HER Number
5228
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
<< HER 5228 >> Dept. of National Heritage, of Buildings of Special Architectural or Historic Interest, 5/146
City of Newcastle upon Tyne Archaeology Unit, 1991, Dunston Hill Assessment; Archaeological Services University of Durham, 2004, The Stables Block, Dunston Hill, Gateshead - building recording; W. Bourn, 1893, Whickham Parish:its history, antiquities and industries; W. Bourn, 1902, Annals of the parish of Whickham in chronological order from the 12th to the end of the 19th Century; R.E Carr and C.E. Carr, 1893, The History of the Family of Carr of Dunston Hill, Co. Durham, Vol 1; Gateshead Post 4/12/1980 p 23
SURVIVAL
80-90%
YEAR1
2003
YEAR2
2005
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Gardens Parks and Urban Spaces
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
5226, 5228
DAY1
03
District
Gateshead
Easting
422070
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MONTH1
1
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
561250
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Whickham
Description
John Carr bought the Dunston Hill estate in 1704 from the Claverings and Shaftoes. In 1713-14 he acquired more land from Cuthbert Ellison and W. Grey. His son Ralph continued this enlargement. The view of the park from the house is currently obscured by hospital buildings, however an appreciation of the layout and site of the house can be gained by viewing it from the Team Valley. The park is now used as grazing land but the remains of a ha-ha are evident and magnificent trees are dispersed through the fields. The walled garden is currently being developed with new buildings. The park once boasted an icehouse (HER 3728) and a large orchard. The initial layout of the park was the work of John Carr. Many oak and ash trees were planted. Ralph continued his father's work by more planting and by twice enlarging the park. He planted fruit trees such as walnut, chestnut and cherry. In 1750 he diverted the Whickham and Dunston turnpike road and made a further alteration to the Whickham road in 1762, in order to make additions to the park. Ralph's son John diverted the road again to its present position from Glebe Farm to the top of Carr's Bank and removed the kitchen gardens from the north to the west of the house. LOCAL LIST
Site Type: Broad
Park
SITEDESC
John Carr bought the Dunston Hill estate in 1704 from the Claverings and Shaftoes. In 1713-14 he acquired more land from Cuthbert Ellison and W. Grey. His son Ralph continued this enlargement. The view of the park from the house is currently obscured by hospital buildings, however an appreciation of the layout and site of the house can be gained by viewing it from the Team Valley. The park is now used as grazing land but the remains of a ha-ha are evident and magnificent trees are dispersed through the fields. The walled garden is currently being developed with new buildings. The park once boasted an icehouse (SMR 3728) and a large orchard {1}. The initial layout of the park was the work of John Carr. Many oak and ash trees were planted. Ralph continued his father's work by more planting and by twice enlarging the park. He planted fruit trees such as walnut, chestnut and cherry. In 1750 he diverted the Whickham and Dunston turnpike road and made a further alteration to the Whickham road in 1762, in order to make additions to the park. Ralph's son John diverted the road again to its present position from Glebe Farm to the top of Carr's Bank and removed the kitchen gardens from the north to the west of the house {2}.
Site Name
Dunston Hill Park
Site Type: Specific
Landscape Park
SITE_STAT
Local List
HER Number
5227
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 5227 >> F. Green, 1995, A Guide to the Historic Parks and Gardens of Tyne and Wear, p 13 & 24
City of Newcastle upon Tyne Archaeology Unit, 1991, Dunston Hill Assessment
F. Green, 1995, Historic Parks & Gardens in Tyne and Wear, Stage 2 Research; Gateshead Local List X20/LLG/26
SURVIVAL
60-79%
YEAR1
2003
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Domestic
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Poor
Crossref
5227
DAY1
03
DAY2
26
District
Gateshead
Easting
422070
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MATERIAL
Sandstone
MONTH1
1
MONTH2
5
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 26 SW 10
Northing
561250
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Whickham
Description
Large house, later converted to a hospital. Rear north wing for John Carr (1667-1739) enlarged for Ralph Carr (1711-1807) - rainwater head 1750; John Carr (1764-1817) faced the house with stone, renewed the roof, changed the entrance from east to north and built the dining room and kitchen wing. Sandstone ashlar with rusticated quoins and basement; Welsh slate roof. Basement and 2 storeys. Central doorway holds sash in architrave under pulvinated frieze and cornice. Architraves to all windows. Rear wing has 3-light canted bay and round-headed stair window; Tuscan doorcase. Interior - early 18th century stair with turned balusters and wide handrail. High quality stucco ceiling decoration in main rooms on ground floor. Cornices throughout. Regency style alcoves and architraves to corridor. John Carr of White House bought the estate in 1704. The former hospital outpatients department adjoined to the south of the 18th century house is dated 1885 on lintel. Sandstone ashalr, welsh slate roof, wood and glass ridge ventilators. One storey, half-hexagonal ends. Door in right return has inscription JR-C-E85 on lintel . There were three main phases of building after John Carr acquired the property in 1704. Unknown if he started on a virgin site. The later history of the house is obscure. Unknown in what year the Carrs left and it became a hospital, although oral tradition says this happened at the start of WW1. It was a Ministry of Pensions Hospital until 1956 when it came under the administration of Gateshead and District Hospital Management Committee. LISTED GRADE 2*
SITEASS
Archaeologically recorded in 2004 in advance of conversion into residential units. The hospital boiler house was originally an C18 stable and carriage shed with a room for the groom.
Site Type: Broad
House
SITEDESC
Large house, later converted to a hospital. Rear north wing for John Carr (1667-1739) enlarged for Ralph Carr (1711-1807) - rainwater head 1750; John Carr (1764-1817) faced the house with stone, renewed the roof, changed the entrance from east to north and built the dining room and kitchen wing. Sandstone ashlar with rusticated quoins and basement; Welsh slate roof. Basement and 2 storeys. Central doorway holds sash in architrave under pulvinated frieze and cornice. Architraves to all windows. Rear wing has 3-light canted bay and round-headed stair window; Tuscan doorcase. Interior - early 18th century stair with turned balusters and wide handrail. High quality stucco ceiling decoration in main rooms on ground floor. Cornices throughout. Regency style alcoves and architraves to corridor. John Carr of White House bought the estate in 1704. The former hospital outpatients department adjoined to the south of the 18th century house is dated 1885 on lintel. Sandstone ashalr, welsh slate roof, wood and glass ridge ventilators. One storey, half-hexagonal ends. Door in right return has inscription JR-C-E85 on lintel {1}. There were three main phases of building after John Carr acquired the property in 1704. Unknown if he started on a virgin site. The later history of the house is obscure. Unknown in what year the Carrs left and it became a hospital, although oral tradition says this happened at the start of WW1. It was a Ministry of Pensions Hospital until 1956 when it came under the administration of Gateshead and District Hospital Management Committee {2}. 2004-5 converted into residential units.
Site Name
Dunston Hill House
Site Type: Specific
Country House
SITE_STAT
Listed Building Grade II*
HER Number
5226
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
<< HER 5226 >> Dept. of National Heritage, of Buildings of Special Architectural or Historic Interest, 5/145 and 5/147
City of Newcastle upon Tyne Archaeology Unit, 1991, Dunston Hill Assessment
Simpson & Brown Architects, 1995, Dunston Hill House, History of the Building & Site Inspection; W. Bourn, Whickham Parish; R.E Carr and C.E. Carr, 1893, The History of the family of Carr of Dunston Hill, County Durham, Vol 1; A.W. Purdue, 1999, Merchants and Gentry in North-East England 1650-1830 - the Carrs and the Ellisons; G. McCombie and P.F. Ryder, 2004, Dunston Hill, Whickham, The Mansion House - A Report of Archaeological Recording and Architectural-Historical Research and Assessment
SURVIVAL
80-90%
YEAR1
2003
YEAR2
2005
English, British
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
COMP2
Clare Henderson
Crossref
229
DAY1
30
DAY2
18
District
Sunderland
Easting
442006
Grid ref figure
10
HISTORY_TOPIC
Civil War
Map Sheet
NZ45SW
MONTH1
12
MONTH2
11
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
551961
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Stuart 1603 to 1714
Place
Ryhope
Description
Two broken off leg bones were found protruding from the cliff face at Ryhope Dene in February 1987 by a local resident. A rescue excavation took place five days later to remove the burial. The burial lay under circa 2 metres of windblown sand immediately south of the mouth of Ryhope Burn. The cliff is in a constant state of erosion. The grave was c.0.35 metres deep and was sub-oval with no indication of a coffin. The alignment was east to west with head to the west. Some crushing and deformation had taken place after burial, probably caused by the overlying soils slumping into the burn. The bones were soft and crumbly. No indication of clothing fibres or fastenings. A piece of straight bronze wire, c.5 metres in length was located next to the left hand. The feet and lower shin bones had been removed by erosion. The amount of overburden suggests a date of several hundred years. Originally buried some distance inland. The course of the Ryhope Burn has altered since the burial, it now runs through a disused quarry.
SITEASS
Further burials may appear in this area. Bones were found with Roman pottery in the 1930s (see SMR 229). This skeleton was examined by Sue Anderson of Durham University, who concluded that the estimated age of the individual was 20-25 years, or possibly slightly older, at time of death. The individual was probably male. He suffered no obvious pathological lesions, except for bad tooth delay, which is generally associated with an increase in the use of sugar in the diet, suggesting a date of C17 or later.
Site Type: Broad
Burial
SITEDESC
Two broken off leg bones were found protruding from the cliff face at Ryhope Dene in February 1987 by a local resident. A rescue excavation took place five days later to remove the burial. The burial lay under circa 2m of windblown sand immediately south of the mouth of Ryhope Burn. The cliff is in a constant state of erosion. The grave was c.0.35m deep and was sub-oval with no indication of a coffin. The alignment was east to west with head to the west. Some crushing and deformation had taken place after burial, probably caused by the overlying soils slumping into the burn. The bones were soft and crumbly. No indication of clothing fibres or fastenings. A piece of straight bronze wire, c5mm in length was located next to the left hand. The feet and lower shin bones had been removed by erosion. The amount of overburden suggests a date of several hundred years. Originally buried some distance inland. The course of the Ryhope Burn has altered since the burial, it now runs through a disused quarry.
Site Name
Ryhope Dene, inhumation
Site Type: Specific
Inhumation
HER Number
5225
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 5225 >> Tyne and Wear Museums Service, 1987, Excavation at Ryhope Dene, Co. Durham