English, British
Class
Domestic
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
02
District
Newcastle
Easting
419920
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ16SE
MONTH1
2
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563930
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Scotswood
Description
Scotswood House was the principal house of Scotswood in the early 19th century, owned by the Ord family and occupied by the tenant of the paper mill next to the railway bridge. The house is shown on Ordnance Survey maps of 1841, 1858 and 1896. The latter map also shows the gardens. Scotswood House was described as "on an eminence adorned with a neat garden and occupied by Mr Nathaniel Grace the tenant of Scotswood Paper Mill.”
Site Type: Broad
House
SITEDESC
This was the principal house of Scotswood in the early C19, owned by the Ord family and occupied by the tenant of the paper mill next to the railway bridge. The house is shown on Ordnance Survey maps of 1841, 1858 and 1896. The latter map also shows the gardens. Scotswood House was described as "on an eminence adorned with a neat garden and occupied by Mr Nathaniel Grace the tenant of Scotswood Paper Mill." {1}
Site Name
Scotswood House
Site Type: Specific
Country House
HER Number
4936
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4936 >> Pers. Comm. I. Ayris
YEAR1
2001
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
4292
DAY1
02
District
Newcastle
Easting
419760
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ16SE
MONTH1
2
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564100
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Scotswood
Description
The clearance in 1987 of buildings from Grady's Yard at the junction of Scotswood Road and Denton Road revealed more of the railway embankment below the line of the former Scotswood, Newburn and Wylam Railway, and two arched entrances within the embankment. These are approximately 40 metres west of the west entrance to the Scotswood Tunnel. The larger of the tunnels carried a railway under the main line whilst the smaller one provided pedestrian access. They were blocked off by landfill. Their northerly entrances are no longer tracable. The stonework of the entrances was in good condition. These features probably date to 1871-75 when this section of the Scotswood, Newburn and Wylam Railway was laid out. Grady's Yard was previously a Fireclay Works, and clay was brought to the works from drifts in the Denton Burn. The tunnels therefore formed an important link to the Fireclay Works and are a vestige of this once important industry.
Site Type: Broad
Railway Transport Site
SITEDESC
The recent (1987) clearance of buildings from Grady's Yard at the junction of Scotswood Road and Denton Road revealed more of the railway embankment below the line of the former Scotswood, Newburn and Wylam Railway and two arched entrances within the embankment. These are approximately 40m west of the west entrance to the Scotswood Tunnel. The larger of the tunnels carried a railway under the main line whilst the smaller one provided pedestrian access. They were blocked off by landfill. Their northerly entrances are no longer traceable as a result of alterations in the topography of the land in the area. The stonework of the entrances was in good condition. These features probably date to 1871-75 when this section of the Scotswood, Newburn and Wylam Railway was laid out. Grady's Yard was previously Fireclay Works. Much clay was brought to the works from the drifts within the valley of the Denton Burn. The tunnels therefore formed an important link to the Fireclay Works and should be seen as a vestige of this once important industry. {1}
Site Name
Scotswood, tunnels under Newburn & Wylam Railway
Site Type: Specific
Railway Tunnel
HER Number
4935
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 4935 >> Pers. Comm. I. Ayris, 1987
YEAR1
2001
English, British
Class
Maritime
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
01
District
Newcastle
Easting
418900
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ16SE
MONTH1
2
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564300
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Lemington
Description
The position of a boatyard known as Olivers Shipyard was once marked by a fair sized jetty on the riverside. The paddle boat "Jabez Bunting" named after the Methodist minister, was built here for Joblings of Bell’s Close. This shipyard was in addition to that on the site of the present Stella North Power Station where 2 vessels of about 90 tons were built in the 1860s - the "Lemington Antelope" and the "Harry Kells".
Site Type: Broad
Marine Construction Site
SITEDESC
There was a fair sized jetty on the riverside, and a boatyard known as Olivers Shipyard. The paddle boat "Jabez Bunting" named after the Methodist minister, was built here for Joblings of Bells Close. There was a rather curious clause in the building contract which stated that the vessel must not be worked on Sundays. This shipyard was in addition to that on the site of the present Stella North Power Station where 2 vessels of about 90 tons were built in the 1860s - the "Lemington Antelope" and the "Harry Kells". {1}
Site Name
Oliver's Shipyard
Site Type: Specific
Shipyard
HER Number
4934
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4934 >> J. Armstrong, History of Newburn
YEAR1
2001
English, British
Class
Domestic
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
15
District
Newcastle
Easting
419750
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ17SE
MONTH1
1
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
571090
parish
Woolsington
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Woolsington
Description
An early 19th century plan of the Woolsington Estate shows 'West Bricks Nook', 'East Bricks Nook' and 'Brick Kiln Field'. This no doubt reflects the location of brick production, perhaps sited for the production of bricks for Woolsington Hall or its ranges. The lack of any indication of activity on the 1727 survey of Woolsington by John Robertson suggests the kiln was active after this period.
Site Type: Broad
Estate Building
SITEDESC
Early 19th century plan of the Woolsington Estate (NRO 1219) shows 'West Bricks Nook', 'East Bricks Nook' and 'Brick Kiln Field'. This no doubt reflects the location of brick production, perhaps sited for the production of bricks for Woolsington Hall or its ranges. The lack of any indication of activity on the 1727 survey of Woolsington by John Robertson suggests the kiln was active after this period.
Site Name
Woolsington, Brick Kiln Field
Site Type: Specific
Estate Building
HER Number
4932
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4932 >> The Archaeological Practice, 1997, Newcastle International Airport, Cultural Heritage Assessment
YEAR1
2001
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Domestic
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
15
District
Newcastle
Easting
424880
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MONTH1
1
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564340
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Newcastle
Description
Anderson Place was Newcastle's most spectacular house, the largest, it is said, in the country within a city wall. Originally the land belonged to the church but became the property of the merchant Robert Anderson in 1580. Robert Anderson built the "Newe House" on the site of the old monastery of the Grey Friars. In 1646 Charles I was kept prisoner here. The house was purchased in 1675 by Sir William Blackett, MP for Newcastle and eventual owner of Wallington in Northumberland. Enriched through shipping, coal and lead, he added the vast brick-built wings to the house with modern sash windows. It was sold in 1782 to a builder, George Anderson, whose son named it Anderson Place. The house stood just off Pilgrim Street, approximately on the site of the present Lloyds Bank, in a 13 acre estate. The house was demolished in 1834 when Richard Grainger rebuilt the city centre.
Site Type: Broad
House
SITEDESC
Anderson Place was Newcastle's most spectacular house, the largest, it is said, in the country within a city wall. Originally the land belonged to the church but became the property of the merchant Robert Anderson in 1580. Robert Anderson built the "Newe House" on the site of the old monastery of the Grey Friars. In 1646 Charles I was kept prisoner here. The house was purchased in 1675 by Sir William Blackett, MP for Newcastle and eventual owner of Wallington in Northumberland. Enriched through shipping, coal and lead, he added the vast brick-built wings to the house with modern sash windows. It was sold in 1782 to a builder, George Anderson, whose son named it Anderson Place. The house stood just off Pilgrim Street, approximately on the site of the present Lloyds Bank, in a 13 acre estate. The house was demolished in 1834 when Richard Grainger rebuilt the city centre. Dated C16th.
Site Name
Anderson Place
Site Type: Specific
Town House
HER Number
4931
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4931 >> V. Histon, 2000, Nightmare on Grey Street - Newcastle's darker side, p 8
T. Faukner & P. Lowery, 1996, Lost Houses of Newcastle and Northumberland; L. Wilkes and G. Dodds, 1964, Tyneside Classical - The Newcastle of Grainger, Dobson and Clayton; Grace McCombie, 2009, Newcastle and Gateshead - Pevsner Architectural Guide, p. 17; Atherton, B, 2013, To what extent can historical documents be used to reconstruct the architecture of the lost building Anderson Place in Newcastle upon Tyne? Unpub. Dissertation
YEAR1
2001
English, British
Class
Civil
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
15
District
Newcastle
Easting
425200
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
1
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564330
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Newcastle
Description
In 1820, Newgate gaol was deemed as "being out of repair, and inconvenient, insufficient and insecure". An application was made to Parliament for building a new Gaol and a new House of Correction. The architect was John Dobson. The ceremony of laying the foundation stone took place on 4th June 1823. The building contained an elliptical building for the residence of the keepers in order that they could inspect unseen the radiating wings of the prison. The building was enclosed by a thick wall, 25 feet high. The entrance was a strong tower on the west side, in which was an arched gateway 14 feet high. Above the outer entrance was a stone on to which the town's coat of arms was to be inscribed. Two gates secured the entrance, with a porter's lodge in between them. On the ground floor there was a coal cellar, wash house and storeroom. There was a committee room and living quarters and office for the governor, apartments for the prison matron and keeper of the house of correction. The gaol also had a chapel. The gaol was demolished in the 1920s.
Site Type: Broad
Legal Site
SITEDESC
In 1820, Newgate gaol was deemed "as being out of repair, and inconvenient, insufficient and insecure". An application was made to Parliament for building a new Gaol and a new House of Correction. The architect was John Dobson - his most important civic enterprise. The ceremony of laying the foundation stone took place on 4th June 1823. Cost just over £35,000. The gaol contained an elliptical building for the residence of the keepers in order that they could inspect unseen the radiating wings of the prison. The building was enclosed by a thick wall, 25 feet tall. The entrance was a strong tower on the west side, in which was an arched gateway 14 feet high. Above the outer entrance, was a stone on to which the town's coat of arms was to be inscribed. Two gates secured the entrance with a porter's lodge in between them. The viewing vestibule was ascended by steps in the centre tower. On the ground floor there was a coal cellar, wash house and storeroom. There was a committee room and living quarters and office for the governor, apartments for the prison matron and keeper of the house of correction. The gaol also had a chapel. The gaol closed in 1925 and was demolished.
Labelled 'New Gaol' on Wood's map of 1827, 'New Prison - Tread Mill and Male Debtors' on Thomas Oliver's map of 1830, 'The Gaol' on OS first edition of 1879 and 'Her Majesty's Prison' on OS second edition 1898 onwards.
Brodie, Croom and O'Davies (2002) - Newcastle was a detached radial prison, a design which was employed for most large-scale prisons built between 1800 and 1835. It consisted of a number of wings (Newcastle's had 6) arranged around a central building which contained the governor's accommodation, the committee room and the chapel. The hub was polygonal or circular (Newcastle's was elliptical) in plan to allow the supervision of the yards around the house. Each wing contained dayrooms and workrooms on the ground floor with sleeping cells above. They were attached to the central block by iron walkways that allowed direct access from the sleeping cells to the chapel. The wings normally held two classes of inmate separated by a spine wall. The 'treadmill' labelled on Oliver's map of 1830 refers to a treadwheel. Sir William Cubitt had patented a new type of treadwheel in 1818, on which prison inmates walked around the exterior of a cylinder on a series of steps. By 1824 there were at least 75 wheels in 49 prisons. The treadwheels were used to create power to grind floor, pump water and to create unproductive labour. Some wheels were purely punitive. The 1823 Gaol Act specified that inmates sentenced to hard labour had to work a maximum of 10 hours a day. A treadwheel survives in the former gaol at Beaumaris in Wales. Further wings were added at Newcastle Gaol during the 1850s and early 1860s and another in 1871.
Site Name
New Gaol
Site Type: Specific
Gaol
HER Number
4930
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4930 >> J.R. Boyle, 1890, Vestiges of old Newcastle and Gateshead, p 218-224; T. Faulkner and A. Greg, 1987, John Dobson Newcastle Architect 1787-1865, pp 43-45; Thomas Oliver, 1844, Historical and Descriptive Reference to the Public Buildings on the Plan of the Borough of Newcastle upon Tyne and Gateshead; Wood's map of 1827, Thomas Oliver 1830; Allan Brodie, Jane Croom and James O'Davies, 2002, English Prisons - An Architectural Guide, Pages, 67, 108 and 110; Report of the Inspector of Prisons 28 (N), page 78
YEAR1
2001
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Agriculture and Subsistence
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
15
District
Gateshead
Easting
424830
EASTING2
2523
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ25NW
MONTH1
1
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
557620
NORTHING2
5766
parish
Lamesley
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Lamesley
Description
Earthworks relating to medieval ridge and furrow cultivation, possible house platforms and field divisions. Lamesley is one of the best surviving examples of a medieval landscape in Tyne and Wear.
Site Type: Broad
Cultivation Marks
SITEDESC
Earthworks relating to medieval ridge and furrow, possible house platforms and field divisions. Lamesley is one of the best surviving examples of a medieval landscape in Tyne and Wear.
Site Name
Lamesley, ridge and furrow
Site Type: Specific
Broad Ridge and Furrow
HER Number
4929
Form of Evidence
Earthwork
Sources
<< HER 4929 >> Pers. Comm. D. Heslop, 2000
YEAR1
2001
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
COMP2
Rachel Grahame
CONDITION
Destroyed
Crossref
5676
DAY1
15
DAY2
13
District
Newcastle
Easting
419650
Grid ref figure
8
HISTORY_TOPIC
World Wars
Map Sheet
NZ17SE
MONTH1
1
MONTH2
5
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
571140
parish
Woolsington
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
Second World War 1939 to 1945
Place
Woolsington
Description
A hangar, dating to the Second World War RAF use of the airport. Other RAF camp buildings, such as a wooden control tower on stilts, have gone. Tyne and Wear Museums have recorded this World War Two aircraft hangar in advance of airport redevelopment. The airport opened as the civilian Woolsington Airfield in 1935. It incorporated an art deco clubhouse (which still survives and is on the Local List), hangar, workshops, fuel garage and grass runway. The RAF Volunteer Reserve and the Civil Air Guard also used the airfield. At the onset of World War 2 it was taken over by the RAF and became a satellite station for the bases at Acklington and Ouston. In 1940 83 Maintenance Unit was established at RAF Woolsington along with 281 Squadron Air-Sea Rescue. Training Unit 62 trained radar operators for night fighter squadrons. 72 Fighter Squadron from RAF Acklington maintained detachments at Woolsington to mount night patrols. The Bellman hangar would have housed the RAF aircraft during the war. Bellman hangars were designed to be transportable and easily and quickly erected by unskilled labour. They were mass-produced to an Air Ministry design and are well documented by the Ministry of Defence. Today the hangar houses light aircraft. Recorded ahead of demolition in 2008 by TWM. It was noted as being a steel frame covered with corrugated metal sheeting.
Site Type: Broad
Air Transport Site
SITEDESC
A hangar, dating to the Second World War RAF use of the airport. Other RAF camp buildings, such as a wooden control tower on stilts, have gone {1}. Tyne and Wear Museums have recorded this World War Two aircraft hangar in advance of airport redevelopment. The airport opened as the civilian Woolsington Airfield in 1935. It incorporated an art deco clubhouse (which still survives and is on the Local List), hangar, workshops, fuel garage and grass runway. The RAF Volunteer Reserve and the Civil Air Guard also used the airfield. At the onset of World War 2 it was taken over by the RAF and became a satellite station for the bases at Acklington and Ouston. In 1940 83 Maintenance Unit was established at RAF Woolsington along with 281 Squadron Air-Sea Rescue. Training Unit 62 trained radar operators for night fighter squadrons. 72 Fighter Squadron from RAF Acklington maintained detachments at Woolsington to mount night patrols. The Bellman hangar would have housed the RAF aircraft during the war. Bellman hangars were designed to be transportable and easily and quickly erected by unskilled labour. They were mass-produced to an Air Ministry design and are well documented by the Ministry of Defence. Today the hangar houses light aircraft. This building was formerly on the Newcastle local list, but was recorded ahead of demolition in 2008 by TWM. It was noted as being a steel frame covered with corrugated metal sheeting.
Site Name
Newcastle Airport, Bellman hangar
Site Type: Specific
Hangar
HER Number
4928
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 4928 >> The Archaeological Practice, 1997, Newcastle International Airport, Cultural Heritage Assessment
J. Sleight, Small Enough to Conquer the Sky - Jim Denyer, 'Mr Newcastle Airport'; Tyne and Wear Museums, 2008, The Bellman Hangar, Newcastle International Airport - Historic Building Recording
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
2001
YEAR2
2022
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
COMP2
Rachel Grahame
CONDITION
Destroyed
Crossref
5676
DAY1
15
DAY2
13
District
Newcastle
Easting
419420
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ17SE
MONTH1
1
MONTH2
5
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
570910
parish
Woolsington
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
Mid 20th Century 1933 to 1966
Place
Woolsington
Description
An attractive and unusual art deco building of 1935 by Sir Stephen Easten (paralleled stylistically by a more grandiose airport building at Birmingham). The symmetry of the frontage of the building which faces west onto the airport apron has been broken by additions as has the southern wing which has been extended. The adjacent hangar to the north of the clubhouse is also of pre-war date; constructed along with the clubhouse in 1935. When the airport was officially opened in July 1935, the opening day programme described the clubhouse as containing "a large lounge, dining room, hall, buffet, sanitary conveniences for both sexes, residential accommodation for the steward and sleeping quarters for a limited number of visitors". Along with the adjacent hangar there were originally workshops, offices, ambulance room, petrol and oil stores, a garage for fire tender and a sewage disposal plant.
Site Type: Broad
Air Transport Site
SITEDESC
An attractive and unusual art deco building of 1935 by Sir Stephen Easten (paralleled stylistically by a more grandiose airport building at Birmingham). The symmetry of the frontage of the building which faces west onto the airport apron has been broken by additions as has the southern wing which has been extended. The adjacent hangar to the north of the clubhouse is also of pre-war date; constructed along with the clubhouse in 1935. When the airport was officially opened in July 1935, the opening day programme described the clubhouse as containing "a large lounge, dining room, hall, buffet, sanitary conveniences for both sexes, residential accommodation for the steward and sleeping quarters for a limited number of visitors". Along with the adjacent hangar there were originally workshops, offices, ambulance room, petrol and oil stores, a garage for fire tender and a sewage disposal plant.
This building was formerly on the Newcastle local list, but was demolished c.2010 (Google Earth Pro aerial photos).
Site Name
Newcastle Airport, Aero Club House & hangar
Site Type: Specific
Terminal Building
HER Number
4927
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
<< HER 4927 >> The Archaeological Practice, 1997, Newcastle International Airport, Cultural Heritage Assessment
J. Sleight, Small Enough to Conquer the Sky - Jim Denyer, 'Mr Newcastle Airport'
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
2001
YEAR2
2022
English, British
Class
Agriculture and Subsistence
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
4850
DAY1
15
District
Newcastle
Easting
420710
EASTING2
2005
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ27SW
MONTH1
1
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
570310
NORTHING2
7108
parish
Woolsington
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Woolsington
Description
Extensive tracts of broad ridge and furrow cultivation, some cropmarks, some earthworks, can be seen on aerial photographs to the south of Sunnyside Farm and north of Woolsington Park.
Site Type: Broad
Cultivation Marks
SITEDESC
Extensive tracts of broad ridge and furrow cultivation; some cropmarks, some earthworks, can be seen on aerial photographs to the south of Sunnyside Farm and north of Woolsington Park.
In 2018 ridge and furrow was identified in a geophysical survey of the site for the proposed Kingston Village. The presence of medieval to post-medieval ridge and furrow was identified during an evaluation conducted in 2019.
Site Name
Sunnyside Farm, medieval ridge and furrow
Site Type: Specific
Broad Ridge and Furrow
HER Number
4926
Form of Evidence
Earthwork
Sources
<< HER 4926 >> The Archaeological Practice, 1997, Newcastle International Airport, Cultural Heritage Assessment; Tyne and Wear Musuems, 2008, Newcastle Airport, Southside Development - Archaeological Evaluation; Archaeological Services, Durham University 2018. Kingston Village, Newcastle upon Tyne, geophysical survey, report 4912; Archaeological Services Durham University, 2019. Kingston Village, Newcastle upon Tyne: archaeological evaluation, report 4978; Durham University 2019. Kingston Village, Newcastle upon Tyne, heritage statement report 4906;
YEAR1
2001