English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
02
District
Newcastle
Easting
429470
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
9
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564580
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Walker
Description
The 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan shows a brickfield and clay pit on the site, but they are not shown on the 2nd edition plan, indicating that they were out of use by 1895.
Site Type: Broad
Brick and Tilemaking Site
SITEDESC
Wincomblee Brick and Tile Works; the 1st edition OS mapping shows a brickfield and clay pit on the site. These works were possibly out of use by 1895, as they are not shown on the 2nd edition OS mapping.
Site Name
Wincomblee Brick and Tile Works
Site Type: Specific
Brickworks
HER Number
4205
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4205 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 98
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
02
District
Newcastle
Easting
429750
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
9
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564580
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Walker
Description
A Gasometer appears on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan of the area but is not shown on the 2nd edition plan, indicating that it was out of use by 1895.
Site Type: Broad
Power Generation Site
SITEDESC
A Gasometer. Not shown on the 2nd edition OS mapping, so was out of use by 1895.
Site Name
Walker, Gasometer
Site Type: Specific
Gas Holder
HER Number
4204
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4204 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 98
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
4200,4206
DAY1
02
DAY2
14
District
Newcastle
Easting
429830
EASTING2
2974
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
9
MONTH2
1
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
564680
NORTHING2
6352
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Walker
Description
A waggonway serving Jane Pit in Walker Colliery (HER 4200) sunk in 1790. The line ran north-east to staiths at Wincomblee via West Engine Pit. The line also extended south from Jane Pit, moving coal to Walker Ironworks, looping around the facility. The waggonway then ran from Jane Pit to West Engine Pit in Walker Colliery. Engine Pit was sunk 100 fathoms to the High Main Seam in 1766 (Turnbull 2009, 105), closely followed by the adjacent Anne Pit (HER 42007). A long branch was also extended to the north-west from the middle of this waggonway which served Delight and Gosforth pits (HER 4210).
Site Type: Broad
Tramway Transport Site
SITEDESC
A waggonway serving Jane Pit in Walker Colliery (HER 4200) sunk in 1790. The line ran north-east to staiths at Wincomblee via West Engine Pit. The line also extended south from Jane Pit, moving coal to Walker Ironworks, looping around the facility. The waggonway then ran from Jane Pit to West Engine Pit in Walker Colliery. Engine Pit was sunk 100 fathoms to the High Main Seam in 1766 (Turnbull 2009, 105), closely followed by the adjacent Anne Pit (HER 42007). A long branch was also extended to the north-west from the middle of this waggonway which served Delight and Gosforth pits (HER 4210).
Site Name
Waggonway to Jane Pit and Walker Ironworks
Site Type: Specific
Wagonway
HER Number
4203
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4203 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 98; Alan Williams Archaeology, 2012, Waggonways North of the River Tyne: Tyne and Wear HER Enhancement Project 2011-12; Casson 1801: Map of the Rivers Tyne and Wear; Turnbull, L. 2009 Coals from Newcastle: An Introduction to the Northumberland and Durham Coalfield, p 105
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2013
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
01
District
Newcastle
Easting
429670
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
9
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564360
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Walker
Description
Wincomblee Copperas Works appears on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan of the area but is not shown on the 2nd edition plan, indicating that it was out of use by 1895.
SITEASS
Copperas is iron sulphate, resulting from atmospheric oxidation and decomposition of iron pyrites found in coal measures. When heated, oil of vitriol (concentrated sulphuric acid) is produced, which was used as a mordant in the dyeing industry in the eighteenth century and for making ink. Copperas was used from the mid C18 to late C19 in the Leblanc process for making soda. Its use declined when better ways of making sulphuric acid were discovered, when synthetic dyes were introduced and when the Solvay Process superseded the Leblanc (William Jones, 1996, Dictionary of Industrial Archaeology).
Site Type: Broad
Chemical Industry Site
SITEDESC
Wincomblee Copperas Works. This is not shown on the 2nd edition OS mapping, so probably out of use by 1895.
Site Name
Wincomblee Copperas Works
Site Type: Specific
Copperas Works
HER Number
4202
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4202 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 98
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
01
District
Newcastle
Easting
429780
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
9
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564140
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Walker
Description
A Powder Magazine appears on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan of the area but is not shown on the 2nd edition plan, indicating that it was out of use by 1895.
Site Type: Broad
Explosives Store
SITEDESC
A Powder Magazine. Not marked on the 2nd edition OS mapping, so probably out of use by 1895.
Site Name
Walker, Powder Magazine
Site Type: Specific
Powder Magazine
HER Number
4201
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4201 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 98
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
4203, 4206
DAY1
01
DAY2
29
District
Newcastle
Easting
429340
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
9
MONTH2
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563980
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Walker
Description
Jane Pit (Coal). Walker Colliery opened before 1765 and closed in 1920. Owners were Lambert & Co (1850s), N.G. Lambert & Co and then Walker Coal Company Ltd. Jane Pit opened in 1790.
Site Type: Broad
Coal Mining Site
SITEDESC
Jane Pit (Coal). Walker Colliery opened before 1765 and closed in 1920. The shaft was deepened in the 1800s and made into the upcast shaft for Walker Colliery with two furnaces, one at each level worked. Only safety lamps were allowed in the mine. Owners were Lambert & Co (1850s), N.G. Lambert & Co and then Walker Coal Company Ltd.
Site Name
Walker Colliery, Jane Pit
Site Type: Specific
Colliery
HER Number
4200
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4200 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 98; Durham Mining Museum www.dmm.org.uk; Roy Thompson, 2004, Thunder Underground - Northumberland Mine Disasters 1815-65, p 100
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2005
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Claire MacRae
DAY1
01
DAY2
20
District
Newcastle
Easting
429720
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
9
MONTH2
8
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563650
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Walker
Description
In 1810, William Losh (of Alkali Works, HER ref. 4197) along with Thomas Wilson and Thomas Bell, opened an iron foundry and engineering works opposite the alkali works. The Walker Iron Works was the largest in the North of England and included the manufacture of rails for the first railways, steam engines for mills, collieries and ironworks, and iron boilers and ship plates. Towards the end of the 1800s rising costs of importing raw materials eventually led to the transfer of the Walker iron industry to Middlesborough and the iron works closed in 1891.
Site Type: Broad
Metal Industry Site
SITEDESC
Walker Iron Works. Probably out of use by 1895, as not shown on the 2nd edition OS mapping {1}. In 1810, William Losh (of Alkali Works, SMR 4197) along with Thomas Wilson and Thomas Bell, opened an iron foundry and engineering works opposite the alkali works. The Walker Iron Works was the largest in the North of England and included the manufacture of rails for the first railways, steam engines for mills, collieries and ironworks, and iron boilers and ship plates. Towards the end of the 1800s rising costs of importing raw materials eventually led to the transfer of the Walker iron industry to Middlesbrough and the iron works closed in 1891 {2}. Had 2 furnaces before 1850 and 5 by September 1868, 2 were blast furnaces. Had 50 puddling furnaces.
Site Name
Walker, Iron Works
Site Type: Specific
Iron Works
HER Number
4199
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4199 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 98
L. Michael, 1992, Bygone Walker; The Industrial Resources of the District of the Three Northern Rivers, The Tyne, Wear and Tees including the reports on the local manufacturers read before The British Association in 1863 (edited by Sir W.G. Armstrong, I. Lowthian Bell, John Taylor and Dr Richardson, 1864); Tyne and Wear Museums Archaeology, 2012, Nelson Road, Walker - Archaeological Assessment
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2014
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
01
District
Newcastle
Easting
429330
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
9
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563740
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Walker
Description
This Brickfield appears on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan of the area but is not shown on the 2nd edition plan, indicating that it was out of use by 1895.
Site Type: Broad
Brick and Tilemaking Site
SITEDESC
Brickfield. Probably out of use by 1895, as it is not shown on the 2nd edition OS mapping.
Site Name
Walker, brickfield
Site Type: Specific
Brickfield
HER Number
4198
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4198 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 98
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
01
DAY2
08
District
Newcastle
Easting
429580
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
9
MONTH2
6
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563580
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Walker
Description
Coal mining led to the establishment of the chemical industry in Walker due to the salt springs in the King Pit. William Losh moved his alkali works from Scotswood to Walker to take advantage of this valuable natural resource and set up the Walker Alkali Works by the river. Here he manufactured sulphuric acid, copperas, caustic soda and dyes. The Walker Alkali Works built the first Walker West School for the children of its workers. The chemical industry moved to Teeside in the late 1800s, eventually becoming ICI. Walker Alkali Works appears on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan of the area but is not shown on the 2nd edition plan, indicating that it was out of use by 1895.
Site Type: Broad
Chemical Industry Site
SITEDESC
Walker Alkali Works. This is not shown on the 2nd edition OS mapping, so these works were out of use by 1895 {1}. Coal mining led to the establishment of the chemical industry in Walker due to the salt springs in the King Pit. William Losh moved his alkali works from Scotswood to Walker to take advantage of this valuable natural resource and set up the Walker Alkali Works by the river. Here he manufactured sulphuric acid, copperas, caustic soda and dyes. The Walker Alkali Works built the first Walker West School for the children of their workers. The chemical industry moved to Teesside in the late 1800s, eventually becoming ICI {2}.
Site Name
Walker, Alkali Works
Site Type: Specific
Alkali Works
HER Number
4197
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4197 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 98
L. Michael, 1992, Bygone Walker; University of Newcastle upon Tyne Department of Extra-Mural Studies, 1961, The Old Tyneside Chemical Trade, chapter VI, pages 13-15
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2001
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
01
District
Newcastle
Easting
429440
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
9
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563460
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Walker
Description
This Brickfield appears on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan of the area but is not shown on the 2nd edition plan, indicating that it was out of use by 1895.
Site Type: Broad
Brick and Tilemaking Site
SITEDESC
A Brickfield. This is not shown on the 2nd edition OS mapping, so was probably out of use by 1895.
Site Name
Walker, brickfield
Site Type: Specific
Brickfield
HER Number
4196
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4196 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 98
YEAR1
1994