English, British
Class
Maritime
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
2427,2355
DAY1
27
District
S Tyneside
Easting
437390
EASTING2
3670
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
4
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
567200
NORTHING2
6797
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
South Shields
Description
Ballast hills on the Bents, and the area now occupied by the Marine Parks, South Shields. The ballast was brought to the hills from ships on the river via railway HER 2447 and from St Hilda's Colliery via ballast railway HER 2427. Many of the ships brought ballast dredged from the River Thames, and dumped it at South Shields when they took on a cargo of coal, chemicals and limestone. Ballast consists of gravel, sand and sometimes chalk. Ballast had been disposed of on land since at least 18th century. There were regulations against dumping it into the river as the Tyne was already shallow in places and there was a sand bar across the river mouth. When ballast dumping ceased, the ballast hills in South Shields were levelled to create the North and South Marine Parks (HER 1842).
Site Type: Broad
Ballast Hill
SITEDESC
Ballast hills on the Bents, and the area now occupied by the Marine Parks, South Shields. The ballast was brought to the hills from ships on the river via railway HER 2447 and from St Hilda's Colliery via ballast railway HER 2427. Many of the ships brought ballast dredged from the River Thames, and dumped it at South Shields when they took on a cargo of coal, chemicals and limestone. Ballast consists of gravel, sand and sometimes chalk. Ballast had been disposed of on land since at least 18th century. There were regulations against dumping it into the river as the Tyne was already shallow in places and there was a sand bar across the river mouth. When ballast dumping ceased, the ballast hills in South Shields were levelled to create the North and South Marine Parks (HER 1842).
Site Name
The Bents, Ballast Hills
Site Type: Specific
Ballast Hill
HER Number
2452
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2452 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 4; The Arbeia Society, 2004, Archaeological Survey of the coast from South Shields to Whitburn; Dick Keys and Ken Smith, 2005, Tall Ships on the Tyne, p 6
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
2393,2316
DAY1
27
District
S Tyneside
Easting
435560
EASTING2
3620
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MAP2
NZ36SE
MONTH1
4
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
565010
NORTHING2
6141
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
South Shields
Description
A Toll Road from East Boldon to South Shields. Its northern end formed a junction with the Gateshead to South Shields road (HER ref. 2287). Tolls included Biddick Check Chain, (HER ref. 2393) and Boldon North Bridge (HER ref. 2316).
Site Type: Broad
Road Transport Site
SITEDESC
Toll Road from East Boldon to South Shields. Northern end was at junction with the Gateshead to South Shields road (SMR 2287). Tolls included Biddick Check Chain, (SMR 2393) and Boldon North Bridge, (SMR 2316).
Site Name
East Boldon to South Shields Road
Site Type: Specific
Toll Road
HER Number
2451
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2451 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 4
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
2449
DAY1
27
DAY2
29
District
S Tyneside
Easting
435570
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
4
MONTH2
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
565640
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
South Shields
Description
Templetown Colliery, was connected to St. Hilda's and Harton Drops (HER 2236) by the Harton Colliery Railway, (SMR 2449). Also known as Manor Wallsend or Chapter Main, Templetown Colliery was opened in 1805 by Simon Temple junior, who had leased the Coal Royalties from the Dean and Chapter of Durham, then owned by a Mr Brown, then in 1813 by a Mr Devey. The colliery was taken over by Robert and John William Brandling in 1819 and closed in 1826 although it was kept open as an air shaft for St. Hilda's Colliery (HER 2355).
Site Type: Broad
Coal Mining Site
SITEDESC
Templetown Colliery, was connected to St. Hilda's and Harton Drops (HER 2236) by the Harton Colliery Railway, (SMR 2449). There were two pits - Church Pit and Engine Pit. Also known as Manor Wallsend or Chapter Main, Templetown Colliery was opened in 1805 by Simon Temple junior, who had leased the Coal Royalties from the Dean and Chapter of Durham, then owned by a Mr Brown, then in 1813 by a Mr Devey. The colliery was taken over by Robert and John William Brandling in 1819 and closed in 1826 although it was kept open as an air shaft for St. Hilda's Colliery (HER 2355).
Site Name
Templetown Colliery (Chapter Main Colliery)
Site Type: Specific
Colliery
HER Number
2450
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2450 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 4
N.T. Sinclair, & I.S. Carr, 1990, Railways of South Shields, p.3; Durham Mining Museum www.dmm.org.uk
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2005
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Claire MacRae
Crossref
2236,2450
DAY1
27
DAY2
20
District
S Tyneside
Easting
435550
EASTING2
3560
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
4
MONTH2
5
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
566360
NORTHING2
6565
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
South Shields
Description
The Templetown Wagonway/Harton Coal Company Railway ran between Templetown Colliery (HER 2450) and the Harton and St. Hilda's Drops on the line of the earlier Templetown Wagonway. Along with other elements of the system, this line was electrified in 1908. The original wagonway probably opened in 1810 when the Colliery opened. Bell (1843) shows the waggonway running south-west and joining with the waggonway from Manor Wallsend Colliery and then on to Manor Wallsend Staiths. Section from Hilda Hole mineral sidings to Harton High Staith (HER 2236) dismantled. The poles for carrying the overhead electricity wires are still in place.
Site Type: Broad
Railway Transport Site
SITEDESC
The Templetown Wagonway/Harton Coal Company Railway ran between Templetown Colliery (HER 2450) and the Harton and St. Hilda's Drops on the line of the earlier Templetown Wagonway. Along with other elements of the system, this line was electrified in 1908. The original wagonway probably opened in 1810 when the Colliery opened. Bell (1843) shows the waggonway running south-west and joining with the waggonway from Manor Wallsend Colliery and then on to Manor Wallsend Staiths. Section from Hilda Hole mineral sidings (NZ 356 660) to Harton High Staith (HER 2236) dismantled. The poles for carrying the overhead electricity wires are still in place.
Site Name
Harton Coal Company Railway (Templetown waggonway)
Site Type: Specific
Railway
HER Number
2449
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2449 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 4
N.T. Sinclair, & I.S. Carr, 1990, Railways of South Shields, p.3,17-21
Tyne and Wear Industrial Monuments Trust, 1978, Sites of interest in the inner Shields plan area; Alan Williams Archaeology, 2013, Waggonways to the South Bank of the River Tyne and to the River Wear; Hair, T.H, 1844, Views of the Collieries
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2015
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
27
District
S Tyneside
Easting
435700
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
4
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
565450
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
South Shields
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey Map evidence shows the location of Tyne Dock Forge.
SITEASS
The forge or hammer mill was the workshop where the hot metal is shaped by hammering or rolling. Early forges comprised a finery hearth and a chafery, each with its own air bellows, and tilt hammers. Brittle cast-iron pigs were converted into malleable wrought iron and forged (shaped) bars of various sizes suitable for use by blacksmiths as the basis for iron structures. Waterwheels provided the power for operating the bellows and tilt hammers. Later forges included reverberatory type metal melting furnaces, shingling and steam hammers, rolling mills, power shears etc (William Jones, 1996, Dictionary of Industrial Archaeology).
Site Type: Broad
Metal Industry Site
SITEDESC
Tyne Dock Forge.
Site Name
Tyne Dock Forge
Site Type: Specific
Forge
HER Number
2448
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2448 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 4
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
2349
DAY1
12
District
S Tyneside
Easting
436720
EASTING2
3624
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
7
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
567840
NORTHING2
6792
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
South Shields
Description
This ballast railway replaced an adjacent line (HER ref. 2349) in the 1830s and appears on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan to be depositing ballast onto the beach below Lawe Bank. It ran through a tunnel from Salmon's Quay and across the site of Arbeia Roman Fort. It closed in 1856.
Site Type: Broad
Railway Transport Site
SITEDESC
Ballast Railway. This appears, on the 1st edition OS mapping to be depositing ballast onto the beach below Lawe Bank. This Wagonway replaced the adjacent line (SMR 2349) in the 1830s. It ran through a tunnel from Salmon's Quay and across the site of Arbeia Roman Fort. It closed in 1856.
Site Name
Ballast Railway
Site Type: Specific
Railway
HER Number
2447
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2447 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 4
N.T. Sinclair, & I.S. Carr, 1990, Railways of South Shields, p.4
J.W. Thornborrow, 1964, Excavations in South Shields in 1962, South Shields Archaeology and History Society, Vol II no , p 17
J.W. Thornborrow, 1964, Excavations in South Shields in 1962, South Shields Archaeology and History Society, Vol II no , p 17
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
29
District
S Tyneside
Easting
435940
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
4
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
567380
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
South Shields
Description
These saw mills are not shown on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan, so were built after 1855.
SITEASS
Saw mills replaced saw pits, and were water powered at first. Mechanised sawing was by frame saws which imitated the action of the old sawpit using straight rip saws. Later circular saws came into use (William Jones, 1996, Dictionary of Industrial Archaeology).
Site Type: Broad
Wood Processing Site
SITEDESC
Saw Mills. These are not shown on the 1st edition OS mapping, so were built after 1855.
Site Name
Saw Mills
Site Type: Specific
Saw Mill
HER Number
2446
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2446 >> 2nd edition, Ordnance Survey map, 1898, 6 inch scale, Durham, 4, NW
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Maritime
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
2290
DAY1
29
DAY2
10
District
S Tyneside
Easting
435940
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
4
MONTH2
5
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
567440
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
South Shields
Description
This ship repairing yard is not shown on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan, so was built after 1855. It was built over part of the northern end of the North Eastern Railway, Pontop and South Shields Branch (HER ref. 2290).
Site Type: Broad
Marine Construction Site
SITEDESC
Ship Repairing Yard. This is not shown on 1st edition OS mapping, so was built after 1855. Built over part of the northern end of the North Eastern Railway, Pontop and South Shields Branch (SMR 2290) {1}. Map Evidence

Second Edition Ordnance Survey, Sheet 9
Area of land described as Ship Repairing Yard. No docks or other major structures.

Third Edition Twenty Five Inches to One Mile Ordnance Survey, Sheet 9
No obvious major alteration to yard.

Fourth Edition Twenty Five Inches to One Mile Ordnance Survey, Sheet 9
Little obvious alteration to the site, which is still described as Ship Repairing Yard {2}.
Site Name
Ship Repairing Yard
Site Type: Specific
Shipyard
HER Number
2445
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2445 >> 2nd edition, Ordnance Survey map, 1898, 6 inch scale, Durham, 4, NW
The Archaeological Practice, 2002, Shipbuilding on Tyne and Wear - Prehistory to Present. Tyne & Wear Historic Environment Record.
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2002
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
2336
DAY1
29
District
S Tyneside
Easting
435950
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
4
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
567500
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
South Shields
Description
This brewery is not shown on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan, so was built after 1855. It is on the site of the former Stanhope and Tyne Drops (HER ref. 2336).
Site Type: Broad
Food and Drink Industry Site
SITEDESC
Brewery. This is not shown on the 1st edition OS mapping, so was built after 1855. On the site of the former Stanhope and Tyne Drops, (SMR 2336).
Site Name
South Shields, brewery
Site Type: Specific
Brewery
HER Number
2444
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2444 >> 2nd edition, Ordnance Survey map, 1898, 6 inch scale, Durham, 4, NW
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
29
District
S Tyneside
Easting
435910
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
4
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
567610
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
South Shields
Description
Engineering Works. These is not shown on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan, so presumably were built after 1855.
Site Type: Broad
Engineering Industry Site
SITEDESC
Engineering Works. These are not shown on 1st edition OS mapping, so were built after 1855.
Site Name
South Shields, Engineering Works
Site Type: Specific
Engineering Works
HER Number
2443
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2443 >> 2nd edition, Ordnance Survey map, 1898, 6 inch scale, Durham, 4, NW
YEAR1
1994