There is an ancient man-made hollow way cut down into the cliffs to the well-constructed stone quay which is made of large rectangular blocks of stone. The quay projects out from the south-western side of Velvet Beds/Camel Island. It is recorded on Robert Stotes plan of 1768 as a causeway linking the mainland with the island. This part of the island was then called "Stotfold". The quay has been called Roman in local folklore - thought to have been built to transport rock from Marsden Quarry for the building of Arbeia Roman Fort (prehistoric flints have been found on the island but to date no Roman finds), but is more likely to be early post medieval in date, although it was already "ancient" by the time of Stote's map. The quay was a favourite picnic spot in the late Victorian and Edwardian days when parties came to Marsden by boat. The Jarrow Chemical Company may have used the quay in the 1830s for loading keels with limestone for Epsom Salts. There are some iron rings high up on the north-east side of the island, which may be mooring rings or may relate to World War Two activity. Quay is marked as "Old" on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey mapping, so was out of use by 1855. The name Velvet Beds came from the short fine grass which once covered this area, which was springy underfoot. The name Camel Island is more recent, referring to the island's two humps.
Site Type: Broad
Landing Point
SITEDESC
There is an ancient man-made hollow way cut down into the cliffs to the well-constructed stone quay which is made of large rectangular blocks of stone. The quay projects out from the south-western side of Velvet Beds/Camel Island. It is recorded on Robert Stotes plan of 1768 as a causeway linking the mainland with the island. This part of the island was then called "Stotfold". The quay has been called Roman in local folklore - thought to have been built to transport rock from Marsden Quarry for the building of Arbeia Roman Fort (prehistoric flints have been found on the island but to date no Roman finds), but is more likely to be early post medieval in date, although it was already "ancient" by the time of Stote's map. The quay was a favourite picnic spot in the late Victorian and Edwardian days when parties came to Marsden by boat. The Jarrow Chemical Company may have used the quay in the 1830s for loading keels with limestone for Epsom Salts. There are some iron rings high up on the north-east side of the island, which may be mooring rings or may relate to World War Two activity. Quay is marked as "Old" on the 1st edition OS mapping, so was out of use by 1855. The name Velvet Beds came from the short fine grass which once covered this area, which was springy underfoot. The name Camel Island is more recent, referring to the island's two humps.
Site Name
Velvet Beds or Camel Island, quay and hollow way
Site Type: Specific
Quay
HER Number
2412
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 2412 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 4; The Arbeia Society, 2004, The Coast from South Shields to Whitburn - Archaeology and History, pp 17-18; South Tyneside Libraries, 1991, Pictures of Old Marsden - the Village that Vanished, p 18
SURVIVAL
100%
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2005
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
27
District
S Tyneside
Easting
438780
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
4
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564000
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Cleadon
Description
Limestone Quarry, marked as ‘Old’ on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan, so presumably was out of use by 1855.
Site Type: Broad
Mineral Extraction Site
SITEDESC
Limestone Quarry, marked as Old on the 1st edition OS mapping, so was out of use by 1855.
Site Name
Cleadon, Limestone Quarry
Site Type: Specific
Limestone Quarry
HER Number
2411
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2411 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 4
YEAR1
1994
English, British
AREA_STAT
Site of Special Scientific Interest
Class
Communications
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
27
DAY2
14
District
S Tyneside
Easting
439420
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
4
MONTH2
2
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
565850
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Marsden
Description
Beacons, number unclear, at Man Haven shown on Ordnance Survey first edition 1855. The National Trust information board reads: "This small delightful bay was once used before the building of the Tyne Piers for launching pilot cobles when the sea was too rough to cross the Tyne Bar. Once an active fishing bay, the three semi-redundant boat-houses are all that remains". In 2004 the Arbeia Society recorded a concrete platform with an iron winch at the foot of the pathway from the cliff top. Within the cliff face is a brick arch 3 metres x 3 metres filled in and cemented over. Two parallel sets of stone steps descend to the beach, parallel to a slipway with two remaining timbers and ironwork. Halfway down the path is a concrete platform with an iron winch on it. This is the roof on a pair of huts. There is a steel door 1 metres x 4.5 metres on a concrete base.
Site Type: Broad
Signalling Structure
SITEDESC
Beacons, number unclear, at Man Haven shown on Ordnance Survey first edition 1855. The National Trust information board reads: "This small delightful bay was once used before the building of the Tyne Piers for launching pilot cobles when the sea was too rough to cross the Tyne Bar. Once an active fishing bay, the three semi-redundant boat-houses are all that remains". In 2004 the Arbeia Society recorded a concrete platform with an iron winch at the foot of the pathway from the cliff top. Within the cliff face is a brick arch 3m x 3m filled in and cemented over. Two parallel sets of stone steps descend to the beach, parallel to a slipway with two remaining timbers and ironwork. Halfway down the path is a concrete platform with an iron winch on it. This is the roof on a pair of huts. There is a steel door 1m x 4.5m on a concrete base.
Site Name
Marsden, Man Haven, beacons and crane house
Site Type: Specific
Beacon
HER Number
2410
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2410 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 4; The Arbeia Society, 2004, Archaeological Survey of the coast from South Shields to Whitburn
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2005
English, British
AREA_STAT
Site of Special Scientific Interest
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
27
District
S Tyneside
Easting
439010
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
4
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
565520
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Marsden
Description
Limestone Quarry on Harton Down Hill, marked as ‘Old’ on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan, so presumably was out of use by 1855.
Site Type: Broad
Mineral Extraction Site
SITEDESC
Limestone Quarry on Harton Down Hill, marked as Old on 1st edition OS mapping so was out of use by 1855.
Site Name
Marsden, Limestone Quarry
Site Type: Specific
Limestone Quarry
HER Number
2409
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2409 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 4
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
27
District
S Tyneside
Easting
439150
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
4
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
565450
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Marsden
Description
Limestone Quarry on Harton Down Hill, marked as ‘Old’ on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan, so presumably was out of use by 1855.
Site Type: Broad
Mineral Extraction Site
SITEDESC
Limestone Quarry on Harton Down Hill, marked as Old on the 1st edition OS mapping, so was out of use by 1855.
Site Name
Marsden, Limestone Quarry
Site Type: Specific
Limestone Quarry
HER Number
2408
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2408 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 4
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Maritime
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
27
District
S Tyneside
Easting
439220
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
4
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
565390
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Marsden
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey Map evidence shows the location of Coast Guard Station on Harton Down Hill.
Site Type: Broad
Navigation Aid
SITEDESC
Coast Guard Station on Harton Down Hill.
Site Name
Marsden, Coast Guard Station
Site Type: Specific
Coastguard Station
HER Number
2407
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2407 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 4
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
27
District
S Tyneside
Easting
439160
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
4
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
565350
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Marsden
Description
Limestone Quarries, marked as ‘Old’ on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan, so presumably was out of use by 1855.
Site Type: Broad
Mineral Extraction Site
SITEDESC
Limestone Quarries, marked as Old on the 1st edition OS mapping so was out of use by 1855.
Site Name
Marsden, Limestone Quarry
Site Type: Specific
Limestone Quarry
HER Number
2406
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2406 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 4
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
27
District
S Tyneside
Easting
439270
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
4
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
565020
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Marsden
Description
Limestone Quarry, marked as ‘Old’ on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan, so presumably was out of use by 1855.
Site Type: Broad
Mineral Extraction Site
SITEDESC
Limestone Quarry, marked as Old on the 1st edition OS mapping, so was out of use by 1855.
Site Name
Marsden, Limestone Quarry
Site Type: Specific
Limestone Quarry
HER Number
2405
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2405 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 4; Northern Archaeological Associates, 2015, The Cleadon Village Atlas
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Clare Henderson
Crossref
2482
DAY1
12
DAY2
19
District
S Tyneside
Easting
439609
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
10
Map Sheet
NZ36SE
MONTH1
9
MONTH2
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564588
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Marsden
Description
Limestone Quarries are marked on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan. On the 2nd edition Ordnance Survey plan this site has been engulfed by another quarry (HER ref. 2482), perhaps an expansion of the existing one.
Site Type: Broad
Mineral Extraction Site
SITEDESC
Limestone Quarries marked on the 1st edition OS mapping. Actually appears to be just one, but this is not clear. On the 2nd edition OS mapping this site has been engulfed by another quarry (SMR 2482). This later site has been given another number as it is unclear whether it was a new site or the expansion of an existing one.
Site Name
Marsden, Limestone Quarries
Site Type: Specific
Limestone Quarry
HER Number
2404
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2404 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 4; Northern Archaeological Associates, 2015, The Cleadon Village Atlas
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2021
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
2482
DAY1
27
District
S Tyneside
Easting
439440
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36SE
MONTH1
4
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564480
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Cleadon
Description
A Lime Kiln is marked here on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan along with what appears to be its accompanying quarry. On the 2nd edition Ordnance Survey plan this site has been engulfed by a quarry (HER ref. 2482), suggesting that the kiln was out of use by 1895.
SITEASS
Lime kiln - stone or brick structure for calcining brooken limestone to make powdered quicklime for agricultural, construction and industrial uses. Limestone was broken up and fed into the top of the kiln onto a charcoal fire. After burning, the powdered lime was raked out through an opening at the front of the kiln. By the early C20 bulk production using machinery for crushing the stone and burning it in Hoffman kilns saw the demise of lime kilns (William Jones, 1996, Dictionary of Industrial Archaeology, AB Searle, 1935, Limestone and its products, R. Williams, 1990, Lime kilns and limeburning, Shire Publications).
Site Type: Broad
Chemical Industry Site
SITEDESC
A Lime Kiln is marked here on the 1st edition OS mapping. What appears to be its accompanying quarry is also shown. On the 2nd edition OS mapping this site has been engulfed by quarry (SMR 2482), suggesting that the kiln was out of use by 1895.
Site Name
Cleadon, Lime Kiln
Site Type: Specific
Lime Kiln
HER Number
2403
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2403 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 4