Two portions (which do not join) of a sculptured slab, 14.5 x 14 inches, with die 10 x 2.5 inches. On the left is a goat, and on the right the feet of Mercury. Found in, or shortly before, 1894 near RIB nos. 1299 & 1301 (HER nos. 819 & 820), in the allotments at Philiphaugh west of the fort. An inscription reads: Deo M(ercurio) s(igil(lum) (?)) d(edicauit) et p(osuit) coh(ors) / II Ner(uioru)m pago / ...diorum; "To the god Mercury the second Cohort of Nervians from the district of... dedicated and set up this statuette". Spain added that Brand had noticed the upper part of a sculptured caduceus lying before the door of Bees Houses (Stote's House) in 1783, and suggested that this might have been another part of HER no. 822 as Brand had remarked that a mutilated statue of Mercury found between the farm house and the river "a few years before" was broken in pieces by a maid servant. Stote's House subsequently became Stott's House Farm.
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
Two portions (which do not join) of a sculptured slab, 14.5 x 14 ins, with die 10 x 2.5 ins. On the left is a goat, and on the right the feet of Mercury. Found in, or shortly before, 1894 near RIB 1299 and 1301 SMR 819, 820), in the allotments at Philiphaugh west of the fort. Deo M(ercurio) s(igil(lum) (?)) d(edicauit) et p(osuit) coh(ors) / II Ner(uioru)m pago / ...diorum "To the god Mercury the second Cohort of Nervians from the district of... dedicated and set up this statuette". Spain added that Brand had noticed the upper part of a sculptured caduceus lying before the door of Bees Houses (Stote's House) in 1783, and suggested that this might have been another part of SMR 822 as Brand had remarked that a mutilated statue of Mercury found between the farm house and the river "a few years before" was broken in pieces by a maid servant. Stote's House became Stott's House Farm. Dated C2.
Site Name
Wallsend vicus, Roman sculptured slab
Site Type: Specific
Sculpture
HER Number
822
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 822 >> R. Blair, 1895, Roman Inscriptions etc. Wallsend, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle, 2, VI (for 1893-4), p. 138 and pl.
G.R.B. Spain, ed. 1930, Inscribed and Sculptured Stones, Wallsend, Northumberland County History, XIII, p. 542 no. 6
R.G. Collingwood & R.P. Wright, 1965, The Roman Inscriptions of Britain, 1303
E.J. Phillips, 1977, Great Britain, Corpus Signorum Imperii Romani, Vol. I Fasc I nos. 202, 204, pp. 67-8 and pl. 53
P.T. Bidwell, N. Holbrook & M.E. Snape, 1991, The Roman Fort at Wallsend and its Environs, p. 5 nos. 16, 20
YEAR1
1992
YEAR2
1992
English, British
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
806
DAY1
18
District
Newcastle and N Tyneside
Easting
430000
EASTING2
29
Grid ref figure
4
Map Sheet
NZ36NW
MAP2
NZ26NE
MATERIAL
Sandstone
MONTH1
09
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
565000
NORTHING2
65
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
Wallsend
Description
Altar, 15 x 32 inches, with plain sides. Found before 1732 at Wallsend, later acquired by Brand, and in 1864 passed as part of the Brand Collection to the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle. An inscription reads:... / ... / Di)dius Seue / rus praef(ectus) s(oluit) l(ibens) m(erito) "... Didius Severus, prefect, willingly and deservedly fulfilled his vow".
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
Altar, 15 x 32 ins, with plain sides. Found before 1732 at Wallsend, later acquired by Brand, and in 1864 passed as part of the Brand Collection to the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle. ... / ... / Di)dius Seue / rus praef(ectus) s(oluit) l(ibens) m(erito) "... Didius Severus, prefect, willingly and deservedly fulfilled his vow".
Site Name
Wallsend vicus, Roman altar
Site Type: Specific
Altar
HER Number
821
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 821 >> J. Horsley, 1732, Britannia Romana, p. 208
J. Brand, 1789, History of Newcastle, I, 604 n. g
R.G. Collingwood & R.P. Wright, 1965, The Roman Inscriptions of Britain, 1302
YEAR1
1992
English, British
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
806, 818
DAY1
18
District
Newcastle
Easting
429500
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MATERIAL
Sandstone
MONTH1
09
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
565700
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
Wallsend
Description
Two fragments of an altar, together 15 x 10 inches; on the left side decorated with part of a belted figure, on the right a knife and part of a hatchet. Found in, or shortly before, 1894 in the Wallsend allotments at Philiphaugh. An inscription reads: I(oui) O(ptimo) M(aximo) / (Cor)nel(ius) / Celer pr / aef(ectus) coh(ortis) / IIII L(ing)(onum) / ...; "To Jupiter, Best and Greatest, Cornelius Celer, prefect of the Fourth Cohort of Lingonians, set this up".
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
Two fragments of an altar, together 15 x 10 ins; on left side part of a belted figure, on right knife with part of a hatchet above. Found in, or shortly before, 1894 in the Wallsend allotments at Philiphaugh. I(oui) O(ptimo) M(aximo) / (Cor)nel(ius) / Celer pr / aef(ectus) coh(ortis) / IIII L(ing)(onum) / ... "To Jupiter, Best and Greatest, Cornelius Celer, prefect of the Fourth Cohort of Lingonians, set this up".
Site Name
Wallsend vicus, Roman altar
Site Type: Specific
Altar
HER Number
820
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 820 >> R. Blair, 1895, Roman Inscriptions etc. Wallsend, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle, 2, VI (for 1893-4), p. 138 and pl.
F. Haverfield, 1895, On an inscription at Wallsend, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle, 2, VI (for 1893-4), p. 223
G.R.B. Spain, ed. 1930, Inscribed and Sculptured Stones, Wallsend, Northumberland County History, XIII, pp. 541-2 no. 3
R.G. Collingwood & R.P. Wright, 1965, The Roman Inscriptions of Britain, 1301
P.T. Bidwell, N. Holbrook & M.E. Snape, 1991, The Roman Fort at Wallsend and its Environs, p. 5 no. 15
YEAR1
1992
English, British
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
806, 818
DAY1
18
District
Newcastle
Easting
429580
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MATERIAL
Sandstone
MONTH1
09
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 26 NE 6
Northing
565710
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
Wallsend
Description
An altar (17 x 36 inches), on a socketed base (24 x 6 inches), was found in 1892 in garden 20, belonging to Mr Arnott, in the newly made Wallsend allotments west of Wallsend Fort. These allotments were more precisely described as in front of Philiphaugh, c. 475 metres west of the fort. An inscription reads: I(oui) O(ptimo) M(aximo) / coh(ors) IIII Lin / gonum eq(uitata) / aii attendit / Iul(ius) Honor / atus c(enturio) leg(ionis) II / Aug(ustae) u(otum) s(oluit) l(ibens) m(erito); "To Jupiter, Best and Greatest, the Fourth Cohort of Lingonians, part-mounted, under the command of Julius Honoratus, centurion of the Second Legion Augusta, willingly and deservedly fulfilled its vow".
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
An altar (17 x 36 ins), on a socketed base (24 x 6 ins), was found in 1892 in garden 20, belonging to Mr Arnott, in the newly made Wallsend allotments west of Wallsend Fort. These allotments were more precisely described as in front of Philiphaugh (6), c. 475 m west of the fort.(5) I(oui) O(ptimo) M(aximo) / coh(ors) IIII Lin / gonum eq(uitata) / aii attendit / Iul(ius) Honor / atus c(enturio) leg(ionis) II / Aug(ustae) u(otum) s(oluit) l(ibens) m(erito) "To Jupiter, Best and Greatest, the Fourth Cohort of Lingonians, part- mounted, under the command of Julius Honoratus, centurion of the Second Legion Augusta, willingly and deservedly fulfilled its vow". The grid ref is that on the OS card.
Site Name
Wallsend vicus, Roman altar
Site Type: Specific
Altar
HER Number
819
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 819 >> Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle, 1893, Exhibited, 2, V (for 1891-2), 164-6
F. Haverfield, 1894, A New Altar from Wallsend dedicated to Jupiter, Archaeologia Aeliana, 2, XVI, 76-80
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle, 1907, 3, II (for 1905-06), 279
G.R.B. Spain, ed. 1930, Inscribed and Sculptured Stones, Wallsend, Northumberland County History, XIII, p. 541 no. 1
R.G. Collingwood & R.P. Wright, 1965, The Roman Inscriptions of Britain, 1299
P.T. Bidwell, N. Holbrook & M.E. Snape, 1991, The Roman Fort at Wallsend and its Environs, p. 4 no. 14
YEAR1
1992
English, British
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
806
DAY1
29
District
Newcastle
Easting
429500
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MONTH1
09
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
565700
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
Wallsend
Description
One or more temples may have existed on the west side of Philiphaugh. Altars, dedication slabs and sculpture - representing at least three deities - were recovered during the digging of allotments in 1892. In one allotment (no. 17) "the tenant declared that nine inches below the surface his allotment is traversed by the foundations of two broad walls, one running from west to east, and the other from north to south". There is no precise location - the stones came from the "south end" of the allotments, and lay "about one hundred yards from the line of the Roman Wall". Lewis infers the existence of a temple to Mercury; Phillips suggests the statue of Minerva may have stood on a parade ground since it was found with an official dedication to Jupiter Optimus Maximus. The allotments are now covered by buildings.
SITEASS
Though the allotments are now covered by buildings any redevelopment here should be preceded by excavation.
Site Type: Broad
Place of Worship
SITEDESC
One or more temples may have existed on the west side of Philiphaugh. Altars, dedication slabs and sculpture - representing at least three deities - were recovered during the digging of allotments in 1892. In one allotment (no. 17) "the tenant declared that nine inches below the surface his allotment is traversed by the foundations of two broad walls, one running from west to east, and the other from north to south". There is no precise location, - the stones came from the "south end" of the allotments, and lay "about one hundred yards from the line of the Roman Wall". Lewis infers the existence of a temple to Mercury; Phillips suggests the statue of Minerva may have stood on a parade ground since it was found with an official dedication to Jupiter Optimus Maximus.
Site Name
Wallsend vicus, Roman temple(s)
Site Type: Specific
Temple
HER Number
818
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 818 >> Newcastle Daily Journal, 1892, 9 May, 15 July 1892
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle, 1893, Exhibited, 2, V (for 1891-2), pp. 164-6, 187-8
F. Haverfield, 1894, A New Altar from Wallsend dedicated to Jupiter, Archaeologia Aeliana, 2, XVI, 76-80
G.R.B. Spain, ed. 1930, Inscribed and Sculptured Stones, Wallsend, Northumberland County History, XIII, 541-3
M.J.T. Lewis, 1966, Temples in Roman Britain, 127
E.J. Phillips, 1977, Great Britain, Corpus Signorum Imperii Romani, Vol. I Fasc I p. 70
P.T. Bidwell, N. Holbrook & M.E. Snape, 1991, The Roman Fort at Wallsend and its Environs, pp. 3-4, no. 10
SURVIVAL
0
YEAR1
1992
English, British
Class
Water Supply and Drainage
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
198
DAY1
18
District
N Tyneside
Easting
430000
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ36NW
MONTH1
09
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
566000
General Period
UNCERTAIN
Specific Period
Uncertain
Place
Wallsend
Description
During his excursion to the Wall in 1807, Dr. John Lingard was told by Mrs. Buddle "that in digging a cellar under the dining room of Mr. Buddle's house, a deep well was found with great quantities of bones, and horns of animals of the ox, stag and boar kinds in it...". John Buddle's house (Wallsend House) lay just within the west wall of the fort.
Site Type: Broad
Water Storage Site
SITEDESC
During his excursion to the Wall in 1807, Dr John Lingard was told by Mrs. Buddle "that in digging a cellar under the dining room of Mr. Buddle's house, a deep well was found with great quantities of bones, and horns of animals of the ox, stag and boar kinds in it...". John Buddle's house (Wallsend House) lay just within the west wall of the fort.
Site Name
Wallsend Fort, well under Wallsend House
Site Type: Specific
Well
HER Number
817
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 817 >> R.C. Bosanquet, ed. 1929, Dr. John Lingard's Notes on the Roman Wall, Archaeologia Aeliana, 4, VI, p.
J. Hodgson, 1840, History of Northumberland, Part 2, Vol. III, p. 171n.
J.C. Bruce & C.M.Daniels, 1978, Wallsend (Segedunum), Handbook to the Roman Wall, 13th ed., p. 58
SURVIVAL
0
YEAR1
1992
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
198, 806
DAY1
25
District
N Tyneside
Easting
430030
EASTING2
3004
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NW
MONTH1
09
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
565820
NORTHING2
6584
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
Wallsend
Description
MacLauchlan reported that "Remains of two roads down to the mouth of this western valley were found, not very continuous, but nearly parallel to each other, the smaller one of gravel; the larger, and more easterly one, was paved". Bidwell et al. show this running north north-east towards the south corner of the fort from a point north-east of the Ship Inn.
Site Type: Broad
Road Transport Site
SITEDESC
MacLauchlan reported that "Remains of two roads down to the mouth of this western valley were found, not very continuous, but nearly parallel to each other, the smaller one of gravel; the larger, and more easterly one, was paved". Bidwell et al. show this running NNE towards the S corner of the fort from a point NE of the Ship Inn, between the 2 above grid refs.
Site Name
Wallsend vicus, road
Site Type: Specific
Road
HER Number
816
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 816 >> H. MacLauchlan, 1858, Memoir of a Survey of the Roman Wall, p. 7 no. 1
P.T. Bidwell, N. Holbrook & M.E. Snape, 1991, The Roman Fort at Wallsend and its Environs, p. 4 no. 11
SURVIVAL
0
YEAR1
1992
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
198
DAY1
25
District
N Tyneside
Easting
430040
EASTING2
3004
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NW
MONTH1
09
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
566240
NORTHING2
6611
General Period
UNCERTAIN
Specific Period
Uncertain
Place
Wallsend
Description
MacLauchlan and Bruce both recorded a road running north from near the north-east angle of the fort to beyond the Newcastle-North Shields railway. Because of its alignment Bidwell et al. thought it was unlikely to be Roman. Bruce wrote: "The only trace of the northern division of the station that remains, consists of the road which has apparently led from SEGEDUNUM to the outposts at Blake-Chesters and Tynemouth. This causeway extends from the station to the north of the Shields railway; it is formed of a mass of rubble about two feet deep, and is eleven yards wide. It cannot be ploughed, and nothing that requires any depth of earth will grow upon it". MacLauchlan notes that Reay "remembers a stony way, like the remains of a road, running for about 50 yards in the direction of the north-east angle of the station, in a garden immediately north of the railway, and which, had it been continuous, must have crossed the railroad a few yards to the east of the archway under the railway...".
SITEASS
This feature does not show on the early C19 maps.
Site Type: Broad
Road Transport Site
SITEDESC
MacLauchlan and Bruce both recorded a road running N from near the NE angle of the fort to beyond the Newcastle-North Shields railway. Because of its alignment Bidwell et al. thought it was unlikely to be Roman. Bruce wrote: "The only trace of the northern division of the station that remains, consists of the road which has apparently led from SEGEDUNUM to the outposts at Blake-Chesters and Tynemouth. This causeway extends from the station to the north of the Shields railway; it is formed of a mass of rubble about two feet deep, and is eleven yards wide. It cannot be ploughed, and nothing that requires any depth of earth will grow upon it". MacLauchlan: Reay "remembers a stony way, like the remains of a road, running for about 50 yards in the direction of the north-east angle of the station, in a garden immediately north of the railway, and which, had it been continuous, must have crossed the railroad a few yards to the east of the archway under the railway...".
Site Name
Wallsend, road
Site Type: Specific
Road
HER Number
815
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 815 >> J.C. Bruce, 1851, The Roman wall, p. 116 and fig. 4 opp. p. 113
H. MacLauchlan , 1858, Memoir of a Survey of the Roman Wall, p. 7 n. 1
P.T. Bidwell, N. Holbrook & M.E.Snape, 1991, The Roman Fort at Wallsend and its Environs, p. 4 no. 12
SURVIVAL
0
YEAR1
1992
English, British
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
806, 813
DAY1
23
District
N Tyneside
Easting
430010
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NW
MATERIAL
Sandstone
MONTH1
09
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
565850
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
Wallsend
Description
In 1851 Bruce recorded and illustrated an altar found a few years earlier south of the south-west corner of the fort. "When discovered it was lying on the ground surrounded by a ring of twelve stones. Each stone was about one foot high and eight or ten inches broad; all twelve stones were roughly dressed. Coins were found under the altar and under several of the stones...". It is thought to denote the existence of a temple. The altar is uninscribed, 2 feet 8 inches x 1 foot 4 inches. It "is pierced by a circular hole, 6 inches in diameter, through the centre of the die...The opening is surrounded by twelve incised lines radiating from this central hole, and the design is perhaps meant for a rayed sun. The hole would allow a ray of light to pass through if inclined at not more than 45 degrees to the axis of the hole, and the altar could have been used in connection with sunrise and sunset".
Site Type: Broad
Altar
SITEDESC
In 1851 Bruce recorded and illustrated an altar found a few years earlier S of the SW corner of the fort. "When discovered it was lying on the ground surrounded by a ring of twelve stones. Each stone was about one foot high and eight or ten inches broad; all twelve stones were roughly dressed. Coins were found under the altar and under several of the stones...". It is thought to denote the existence of a temple. The altar is uninscribed, 2'8" x 1'4". It "is pierced by a circular hole, 6" in diam., though the centre of the die...The opening is surrounded by twelve incised lines radiating from this central hole, and the design is perhaps meant for a rayed sun. The hole would allow a ray of light to pass through if inclined at not more than 45 degrees to the axis of the hole, and the altar could have been used in connection with sunrise and sunset".
Site Name
Wallsend vicus, Roman altar from ?temple
Site Type: Specific
Altar
HER Number
814
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 814 >> J.C. Bruce, 1851, The Roman Wall, p. 115 and pl.
H. MacLauchlan , 1858, Memoir of a Survey of the Roman Wall, p. 7 n. 1 and fig. 4
G.R.B. Spain, ed. 1930, Inscribed and Sculptured Stones, Wallsend, Northumberland County History, XIII, p. 542 no. 4
P.T. Bidwell, N. Holbrook & M.E. Snape, 1991, The Roman Fort at Wallsend and its Environs, p. 5 no. 23, (and p. 3 no. 6)
YEAR1
1992
English, British
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
806, 814
DAY1
22
District
N Tyneside
Easting
430010
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NW
MONTH1
09
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 36 NW 8.3
Northing
565850
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
Wallsend
Description
It is suggested that there may have been a temple or shrine near the south-west corner of the fort. This statement is based on the discovery of an altar (HER no. 814), published and illustrated by Bruce, and located by Bruce and MacLauchlan. The altar was found "lying on the ground surrounded by a ring of twelve stones. Each stone was about one foot high and eight or ten inches broad: all twelve stones were roughly dressed. Coins were found under the altar and under several of the stones...". This account is more detailed than MacLauchlan's, but no original source is given.
Site Type: Broad
Place of Worship
SITEDESC
It is suggested that there may have been a temple or shrine near the south- west corner of the fort.(4) This statement is based on the discovery of an altar(SMR 814), published and illustrated by Bruce(1), and located by Bruce and MacLauchlan.(2) The altar was found "lying on the ground surrounded by a ring of twelve stones. Each stone was about one foot high and eight or ten inches broad: all twelve stones were roughly dressed. Coins were found under the altar and under several of the stones...".(3) This account is more detailed than MacLauchlan's, but no original source is given.
Site Name
Wallsend vicus, Roman temple or shrine
Site Type: Specific
Temple
HER Number
813
Form of Evidence
Implied Evidence
Sources
<< HER 813 >> J.C. Bruce, 1851, The Roman Wall, p. 115 and pl.
H. MacLauchlan, 1858, Memoir of a Survey of the Roman Wall p. 7 n. 1
G.R.B. Spain, ed. 1930, Inscribed and Sculptured Stones, Wallsend, Northumberland County History, XIII, p. 542 no. 4
P.T. Bidwell, N. Holbrook & M.E. Snape, 1991, The Roman Fort at Wallsend and its Environs, p. 3 no. 6