English, British
ADDITINF
Y
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Claire MacRae
CONDITION
Good
DAY1
01
DAY2
15
District
Newcastle
Easting
420920
Grid ref figure
8
HEIGHT_OD
61
Map Sheet
NZ27SW
MONTH1
09
MONTH2
08
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 27 SW 7
Northing
574220
parish
Dinnington
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
Dinnington
SAMNUMBER
1003496
Description
A rectilinear enclosure with internal features (a possible hut circle) and single entrance visible on aerial photographs as a crop mark, with a ring ditch just west of the site. Fainter crop-marks in the vicinity suggest that this site may have had a more complex pattern of occupation, but its phasing is presently unclear. Likely to be of late Iron Age or Romano-British date. SCHEDULED ANCIENT MONUMENT
SITEASS
Field is still stubble, but ploughing is imminent. No change of use is proposed.
Site Type: Broad
Enclosure
SITEDESC
Rectilinear enclosure. MPP classification: Enclosure / Rectilinear / Symmetric / Rectangular / Not elongated / Corners curved / Straight sides 2 / Convex sides 2 / Ditches 1 / Length / Breadth / Complete / Internal features structural (hut circle) / Entrances 1 (terminal defined, aspect E). Thus much is reasonably clear, and there is a ring ditch just west of the site. I do not, however, feel that the APs support the following: "Two successive phases, one enclosure underlying part of a later and clearer one, both enclosures containing one large round house. Fainter crop-marks elsewhere in the vicinity suggest that this site too may have had a more complex pattern of occupation". Concentric ditches of probable late Iron Age - Romano British were identified during an evaluation to the north-east of the site in 2012. The ditches were located immediately to the east of the SAM.
Site Name
Gardener's Houses rectilinear enclosure
Site Type: Specific
Rectilinear Enclosure
SITE_STAT
Scheduled Monument
HER Number
176
Form of Evidence
Cropmark
Sources
<< HER 176 >> Aerial Photograph, N. McCord,1969, 15 Aug., A/063350/2 - Museum of Antiquities
Aerial Photograph, N. McCord,1969, A/063551/1-3 -Museum of Antiquities
Aerial Photograph, N. McCord,1969, 28 Aug., G/063567/36-38 -Museum of Antiquities
. McCord & G. Jobey, 1971, Notes on Air Reconnaissance in Northumberland and Durham, Archaeologia Aeliana, II 4, XLIX, p. 121
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 47, no. 3, and plate 3.5
Aerial Photograph, NAR T.Gates, 1989, 31.iii.1989, 3945/21-31 -Museum of Antiquities
J.A. Biggins, J. Biggins, R. Coxon & M. Watson, 1997, Survey of the Prehistoric Settlement at Gardener's Houses Farm... Durham Archaeological Journal, 13, 1997,
SURVIVAL
60-79%
YEAR1
1989
YEAR2
2016
English, British
ADDITINF
Y
AREA_HA
0.35
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Good
Crossref
174
DAY1
14
DAY2
30
District
Newcastle
Easting
423320
Grid ref figure
8
HEIGHT_OD
67
Map Sheet
NZ27SW
MONTH1
09
MONTH2
07
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 27 SW 6
Northing
571400
parish
Hazlerigg
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
Hazlerigg
SAMNUMBER
34619 02
Description
A trapezoidal ditched enclosure visible on aerial photographs, 70 m long and 50 m wide, visible as a crop mark, with a single entrance visible but no internal features apparent. Its similarity to comparable excavated sites in the north-east indicates that it is of late Iron Age or Romano-British date. Further settlement remains, including hut circles, lie outside the enclosure. The settlement is trapezoidal in plan, and is thought to be defined by a single ditch. A later survey measured each of the sides as 60 m, except for the western side which measures 50 m. Geophysical survey from the area within and imediately around the monument suggests that complex settlement remains survive, including the remains of a series of seven intercutting hut circles, a pair of intercutting hut circles, a lone hut circle, a ditch and a curvilinear ditch. Five of the seven intercutting hut circles are located within the trapezoidal enclosure, with the remaining two either cutting or cut by the northern side of the enclosure. The hut circles range from 7 m to 20 m in diameter. SCHEDULED ANCIENT MONUMENT
Site Type: Broad
Enclosure
SITEDESC
Trapezoidal ditched enclosure. MPP classification: Enclosure / Rectilinear / Asymmetric / Trapezoidal / Not elongated / Corners curved / Ditches 1 / Length 70 m / Breadth 50 m / Complete / Internal features none / Entrances 1 (terminal defined, aspect SE) {1}. Rectangular enclosed settlement, visible as crop mark. Their similarity to comparable excavated sites in the north east indicates that it is of late Iron Age or Romano-British date. Further settlement remains, including hut circles, lie outside the enclosures. The settlement is trapezoidal in plan, and is thought to be defined by a single ditch. Each of the sides measure 60m, except for the western side which measures 50m. The area within and immediately around the enclosure retains the complex remains of a palimpsest of settlement activity, evidenced as geophysical anomalies. The remains of settlement activity include a series of seven intercutting hut circles, a pair of intercutting hut circles, a lone hut circle, a ditch and a curvilinear ditch. Five of the seven intercutting hut circles are located within the trapezoidal enclosure, with the remaining two either cutting or cut by the northern side of the enclosure. The hut circles range from 7m to 20m in diameter and are thought largely to be non-contemporaneous {2}.
Site Name
Hazlerigg rectilinear enclosure (south)
Site Type: Specific
Rectilinear Enclosure
SITE_STAT
Scheduled Monument
HER Number
175
Form of Evidence
Cropmark
Sources
<< HER 175 >> Aerial Photograph, N. McCord,1966, 20 July, A/044413/9, 10 -Museum of Antiquities
Aerial Photograph, N. McCord,1966, 21 July, A/044482/11 -Museum of Antiquities
Aerial Photograph, N. McCord,1966, 4 Aug, A/044693/6-7 -Museum of Antiquities
Aerial Photograph, T. Gates 1138072, 1138074- Historic Environment Record
N. McCord & G. Jobey, 1968, Notes on Air Reconnaissance in Northumberland and Durham, Archaeologia Aeliana, 4, XLVI, p. 61
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 47, no. 2, and plate 3.4
English Heritage, 2002, Amendment to Scheduled area
Timescape Archaeological Surveys, 2000, Newcastle Great Park, (Cell C) Phase 4
SURVIVAL
60-79%
YEAR1
1989
YEAR2
2002
English, British
ADDITINF
Y
AREA_HA
0.48
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Good
Crossref
175
DAY1
14
DAY2
30
District
Newcastle
Easting
423460
Grid ref figure
8
HEIGHT_OD
67
Map Sheet
NZ27SW
MONTH1
09
MONTH2
07
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 27 SW 6
Northing
571720
parish
Hazlerigg
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
Hazlerigg
SAMNUMBER
34619 01
Description
A rectilinear double-ditched enclosure visible on aerial photographs, 80 m long and 60 m wide with internal features (possible hut circles or traces of mining) and a single entrance, visible as a crop mark. Its similarity to comparable excavated sites in the north-east indicates that it is of late Iron Age or Romano-British date. Further settlement remains, including hut circles, lie outside the enclosure. A later measurement indicates that the outer of the two ditches encloses an area 75 metres by 75 metres, with an inner ditch set 10 metres inside it. The site has been investigated by geophysical survey and anomalies interpreted as the remains of two hut circles lie in close proximity to the enclosure. The first, immediately to the north of the northern side of the enclosure, measures 16 metres in diameter. The second, 30 m to the south east of the south-eastern corner of the enclosure, measures 14 m in diameter. SCHEDULED ANCIENT MONUMENT
Site Type: Broad
Enclosure
SITEDESC
Rectilinear double-ditched enclosure. MPP classification: Enclosure / Rectilinear / Symmetric / Rectangular / Not elongated / Corners curved / Straight sides 2 / Convex sides 2 / Ditches 2 / Length 80 m / Breadth 60 m / Complete / Internal features (EITHER structural (hut circles 3) OR traces of mining) / Entrances 1 (terminal defined aspect E). Rectangular enclosed settlement, visible as crop mark. Their similarity to comparable excavated sites in the north east indicates that it is of late Iron Age or Romano-British date. Further settlement remains, including hut circles, lie outside the enclosures. The settlement is sub-square in plan, with rounded corners and two close set ditches. The outer of the two ditches encloses an area 75m by 75m, with an inner ditch set 10m inside it. The site has been investigated by geophysical survey and anomalies interpreted as the remains of two hut circles lie in close proximity to the enclosure. The first, immediately to the north of the northern side of the enclosure, measures 16m in diameter. The second, 30m to the south east of the south eastern corner of the enclosure, measures 14m in diameter {2}.
Site Name
Hazlerigg rectilinear enclosure (north)
Site Type: Specific
Rectilinear Enclosure
SITE_STAT
Scheduled Monument
HER Number
174
Form of Evidence
Cropmark
Sources
<< HER 174 >> Aerial Photograph, N. McCord,1966,- 20 July, A/044413/8, 13-17, 19-20 -Museum of Antiquities
Aerial Photograph, N. McCord,1966, 21 July, A/044482/13 -Museum of Antiquities
Aerial Photograph, N. McCord,1966, 4 Aug., A/044693/2-4 -Museum of Antiquities
Aerial Photograph, N. McCord,1966, A/044715/37, 38 -Museum of Antiquities
Aerial Photograph, T. Gates, 1138069-1138071- Historic Environment Record
N. McCord & G. Jobey, 1968, Notes on Air Reconnaissance in Northumberland and Durham, Archaeologia Aeliana, 4, XLVI, p. 66 and plate IX no. 1
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 47 no. 1, and plate 3.3
English Heritage, 2002, Amendment to Scheduled area
Timescape Archaeological Surveys, 2000, Newcastle Great Park, (Cell C), Phase 4
SURVIVAL
60-79%
YEAR1
1989
YEAR2
2002
English, British
ADDITINF
Y
AREA_HA
0.33
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
CONDITION
Good
DAY1
13
DAY2
16
District
Gateshead
Easting
419200
Grid ref figure
6
HEIGHT_OD
46
Map Sheet
NZ16SE
MONTH1
09
MONTH2
05
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 16 SE 28
Northing
561100
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
Damhead Wood
SAMNUMBER
9
Description
A rectilinear double-ditched enclosure 79 m long and 42 m wide with some internal features and an entrance visible on aerial photographs. The top of a beehive quern was recovered from this site, and in 1988 was in the possession of a resident of Old Sunniside. SCHEDULED ANCIENT MONUMENT
SITEASS
No apparent threat. But some ruts in wet ground on the E edge.
Site Type: Broad
Enclosure
SITEDESC
Rectilinear double-ditched enclosure. MPP classification: Enclosure / rectilinear / symmetric / rectangular / not elongated / corners angled / straight sides 5 / ditches 2 / length 79 m / breadth 42 m / complete internal features ?structural (not definite enough on available photos to be described) / entrances 1 (terminal defined, aspect E).
The top of a beehive quern was recovered from this site, and on 22.vi.1988 was in the possession of Mr. Noel Tate, then at Old Sunniside.
Site Name
Damhead Wood rectilinear enclosure
Site Type: Specific
Rectilinear Enclosure
SITE_STAT
Scheduled Monument
HER Number
173
Form of Evidence
Cropmark
Sources
<< HER 173 >> Aerial Photograph, J.K. St. Joseph, 1952, - J x 37-39- Museum of Antiquities Cambridge University Aerial Photo Collection
Aerial Photograph, N. McCord,1971, Winlaton Mill, 14 July, A/076378/1-6 -Museum of Antiquities
Aerial Photograph, N. McCord, 1971, Winlaton Mill, 3 Aug., A/076715. 31, 32 -Museum of Antiquities
Aerial Photograph, N. McCord,1971, Winlaton Mill, A/076690/11-14 -Museum of Antiquities
A.J. Challis & D.W. Harding, 1975, Later Prehistory from Trent to Tyne, British Archaeological Report, Vol. 20, 49, 169
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 23 no. 2, and plate 2.3
Aerial Photograph, Cambridge University Aerial Photo Collection - 1972, crop marks, 0.75 m West of Whickham, 20 July, 78/194613
SURVIVAL
60-79%
YEAR1
1989
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
Y
AREA_HA
0.58
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Claire MacRae
CONDITION
Good
DAY1
08
DAY2
08
District
Gateshead
Easting
411400
Grid ref figure
8
HEIGHT_OD
167
Map Sheet
NZ16SW
MONTH1
09
MONTH2
05
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 16 SW 18
Northing
561480
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
Buck's Nook
SAMNUMBER
1005917
Description
A sub-rectangular ditched enclosure visible on aerial photographs, 84 m long and 68.5 m wide, but without visible internal features or entrances. SCHEDULED ANCIENT MONUMENT
SITEASS
In HBMC Field Warden's notes of 1983 it was said that the site had been under regular cultivation for more than 10 years, and in 1985 that it had been put down to permanent grass until the pasture was exhausted.
Site Type: Broad
Enclosure
SITEDESC
Sub-rectangular ditched enclosure. MPP classification: Enclosure / rectilinear / asymmetric / rectangular / not elongated / corners curved / straight sides 4 / ditches 1 / length 84 m / breadth 68.5 m / complete / internal features none / entrances none
Site Name
Buck's Nook (or North View) rectilinear enclosure
Site Type: Specific
Rectilinear Enclosure
SITE_STAT
Scheduled Monument
HER Number
172
Form of Evidence
Cropmark
Sources
<< HER 172 >> Aerial Photograph, N. McCord, 1967, Bucks Nook, 20 July, A/050605/25, 26 -Museum of Antiquities
Aerial Photograph, N. McCord, 1967, Bucks Nook, 17 Aug., G/051133/32, 37 -Museum of Antiquities; RAF CPE/UK/2352 3222 04-OCT-1947; NMR OS/74047 21 07/MAY-1974
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 19 no. 2 and plate 2.1; https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1005917
SURVIVAL
60-79%
YEAR1
1989
YEAR2
2017
English, British
ADDITINF
Y
Class
Domestic
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Clare Henderson
CONDITION
Fair
DAY1
02
DAY2
09
District
Gateshead
Easting
423135
Grid ref figure
10
Map Sheet
NZ25NW
MONTH1
08
MONTH2
10
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
557713
parish
Lamesley
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Ravensworth
Description
The name "Raueneswrthe" first appears before 1128, and in later medieval references is usually given as "Rauenshelme". The vill is first mentioned before 1328. An early map (probably 18th century) shows strips in the open fields east of the village, while a slightly later map (pre-1818) shows the same fields divided and enclosed. On both maps the houses are arranged around a green or wide street, roughly on the site of today's crossroads. The Tithe Map of 1846 is very similar and suggests that "Old Ravensworth" consisted of 3 farms, north-east, south-east and south-west of the crossroads, with a possible smallholding to the north-west. The 1851 census lists 10 households in Old Ravensworth - the 3 farmers, 3 coalminers, 1 stonemason, 1 blacksmith, 1 agricultural labourer and 1 shoemaker. On the 1st edition Ordnance Survey map (1858) the north-east farm (Ravensworth Town Farm) is absent, and by 1919 the south-west one (Ravensworth Farm) had also gone. The 2 stone houses north-west of the crossroads and the farm house to the south-east have been renovated and altered, but the latter retains an original chimney buttress.
SITEASS
Autumn 1991: some new building SW of crossroads, ? farm buildings. Opencast to NW and NE, though space for excavation in NE, and this has produced stone walls, cobble floor, med and C17 pottery.
Site Type: Broad
Settlement
SITEDESC
The name "Raueneswrthe" first appears before 1128. In later medieval references it is usually given as "Rauenshelme". The vill is first mentioned before 1328, and its earliest representation is on 2 maps, undated but before 1818. One shows strips in the open fields E of the village, the other the same fields divided and enclosed. The houses are arranged around a green or wide street, roughly on the site of today's crossroads. The Tithe Map of 1846 is very similar, and the Award suggests that "Old Ravensworth" consisted of 3 farms, NE, SE and SW of the crossroads, and a ? smallholding on NW. The 1851 census lists 10 households in Old Ravensworth - the 3 farmers, + 3 coalminers 1 stone mason, 1 blacksmith, 1 agricultural labourer and 1 shoemaker. On 1st ed. O.S. (1858) the NE farm (Ravensworth Town Farm) was no longer there, and by 1919 the SW one (Ravensworth Farm) had gone. The 2 NW stone houses have been renovated; the SE farm house, though much altered, retains a large W chimney buttress. Dated C12th.
Site Name
Old Ravensworth village
Site Type: Specific
Shrunken village
HER Number
171
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 171 >> H.E. Bell, ed. 1939, Calendar of Deeds given...by Lord Ravensworth, Archaeologia Aeliana, 4, XVI, pp. 44, no. 1, and 54, no. 33
Gateshead Library, (date unknown) Old Ravensworth, CAB A 2/7A-B
R. Surtees, 1820, History of the County Palatine of Durham, II, p. 208
Dept.Pal & Dip 5 The College Durham, Tithe Award - 1846, Lamesley
Ordnance Survey maps, 1858, 1:2500: 1st ed. 1858; 2nd ed. 1898; 3rd ed. 1919; 1939 -Gateshead Library
Gateshead Library Census return, 1851, Old Ravensworth
Group Annual Report, 7, p. 43
SURVIVAL
20-39%
YEAR1
1989
YEAR2
2020
English, British
ADDITINF
Y
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Domestic
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
CONDITION
Poor
DAY1
12
DAY2
15
District
Sunderland
Easting
440500
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ45NW
MONTH1
09
MONTH2
11
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 45 NW 9
Northing
557300
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Sunderland
Description
Initially the settlement seems to have been referred to as "the port of Wearmouth". In 1180-83 Bishop Hugh Puiset granted a borough charter to "Wearmouth", and though it is not certain whether this meant Bishopwearmouth or Sunderland it is usually assumed it was the latter. The whole borough of Sunderland was at lease c.1380 and was in serious decline in 1565, but revived by the growing coal trade from the late 16th century. The shape of the early settlement is clear from early maps. It consisted of the High Street, parallel to the river, running between Coney warren (?Barrack Street) at the east to Sans Street at the west. On the south side long burgages and lanes extended from High Street back to the later Coronation St and Prospect Row, with the Town Moor beyond. On the north side short alleys connected High St with Low St, and Low St with the quays. The skeletal outline survives, but the detail has gone as the result of slum clearance and later rebuilding.
SITEASS
There are, at the present time, vacant/waste sites available at the W end. Principal questions: date of origin; is Low Street on reclaimed ground; were the burgages of High Street laid out in the late C12 (as has been suggested).
Site Type: Broad
Settlement
SITEDESC
Initially the settlement seems to have been referred to as "the port of Wearmouth". In 1180-83 Bishop Hugh Puiset granted a borough charter to "Wearmouth", and though it is not certain whether this meant Bishopwearmouth or Sunderland it is usually assumed it was the latter. The whole borough of Sunderland was at lease c. 1380. It was in serious decline in 1565, and was only revived by the growing coal trade of the late C16-C17. The shape of the early settlement is clear from 18th century maps. It consisted of the High Street, parallel to the river, running between Coney warren (? Barrack Street) at the E to Sans Street at the W. On the S side long burgages and lanes extended from High Street back to the later Coronation St and Prospect Row, with the Town Moor beyond. On the N side short alleys connected High St with Low St, and Low St with the quays. The skeletal outline survives, but the detail has gone as the result of slum clearance and rebuilding in19th century and C20, and the E half is indeed totally obscured by the Garths. Dated C12th.
Site Name
Sunderland Borough
Site Type: Specific
Town
HER Number
170
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 170 >> W. Greenwell, ed. 1852, Boldon Buke, Surtees Society, Vol. 25, pp. 46, xli-xlii
W. Greenwell, ed. 1856, Bishop Hatfield's Survey, Surtees Society, Vol. 32, p. 137
M.H. Dodds, 1915, The Bishop's Boroughs, Archaeologia Aeliana, 3, XII, pp. 81-185
M. Clay, G.E. Milburn & S.T. Miller, 1984, An Eye Plan of Sunderland and Bishopwearmouth, 1785-1790
W. Hutchinson,1823, The History of...Durham, Vol. II, pp. 647-678
R. Surtees, 1816, The History of...Durham, Vol. I, pp. 253-268, 297
S. & R. Buck, 1728,The Perspective and Ichnography of the Town of Sunderland...
Burleigh and Thompson, 1737 - Sunderland Museum
T. Forster, 1742, Survey of Sunderland Moor TWCMS B 8176- Sunderland Museum
J.W. Corder, The Corder MSS, Sunderland Parish, Sunderland Library Local Studies
W. Page, ed. 1905, Victoria County History, I, pp.. 307, 313n
Rev. T. Randell, 1903, History of the Parish Boundaries in...Sunderland and...neighbourhood, Antiquities of Sunderland, II, pp. 1-16
G.W. Bain, 1903, The Natural Boundary between Bishopwearmouth and Sunderland Parishes, Antiquities of Sunderland, II, pp. 17-27
B. Morton, 1905, The History of the Sunderland Moor... Antiquities of Sunderland, IV, pp. 23-35
J.T. Kitts, 1912, The old-time Fields and Gardens of Sunderland, Antiquities of Sunderland, XI, pp. 53-68
T. Corfe, 1973, Sunderland
J. Fordyce, 1857, History of...Durham, Vol. 2, pp. 391-548
G. Garbutt, 1819, A Historical View...of Sunderland
W.C. Mitchell, 1919, History of Sunderland,
E. Mackenzie & M. Ross, 1834, Historical...View...of Durham, Vol. 2, pp. 257-324
W. Lewin, 1715, A Scheme of the New Town of Sunderland, TWCMS B 8167-Sunderland Museum
1826, Sunderland,Sunderland Library Local Studies
Thomas Robson and sons, 1844, Sunderland, Sunderland Library Local Studies
Ordnance Survey maps, 1855, Sunderland, 1st ed. 1:2500, 8.14 and 8.15 -Sunderland Library Local Studies
Photo 19th century, Sunderland -Sunderland Library Local Studies
Photo 19th century, Sunderland- Sunderland Museum
M. Beresford, 1967, New Towns of the Middle Ages, pp. 431-2
W.H.D. Longstaffe, 1889, Unused Evidences relating to SS. Cuthbert and Bede, Archaeologia Aeliana, 2, XIII, pp. 278-283
R. Brown, 1855, An Inquiry into the Origin of the Name 'Sunderland'; Archaeologia Aeliana, 1, IV, pp. 277-83
S. Speak, 1993, Wylam Wharf/Low Street, Sunderland
W.B. Griffiths, 1994, Wylam Wharf, Sunderland. Interim Account of Excavations...
Northern Archaeological Associates, 2003, Low Street, Sunderland, Archaeological Assessment; M.M. Meikle and C.M. Newman, 2007, Sunderland and its Origins - monks to mariners; Ian Nairn, 1964, A Townscape Gazetteer - County Durham, Architectural Review, Vol. 135 (1964) p 120
SURVIVAL
20-39%
YEAR1
1989
YEAR2
1995
English, British
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
CONDITION
Poor
Crossref
166, 168
DAY1
18
DAY2
15
District
Newcastle
Easting
424630
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ27SW
MATERIAL
Sandstone
MONTH1
08
MONTH2
11
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 27 SW 2
Northing
570110
parish
North Gosforth
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
North Gosforth
Description
An uninscribed altar in local buff sandstone, 185 m high x 0.71 m wide x 0.41 m deep, very much weathered. The front of the capital and the front right corner of the base have been broken away, but in the top of the capital there is a rectangular mortice hole, perhaps cut in the medieval period for use as a socket for a cross. Some relief carving survives, including a knife and an axe on the left side of the shaft and a jug and long-handled patera on the right. Said to have been found within the walls of the church and now in the Museum of Antiquities.
Site Type: Broad
Altar
SITEDESC
Uninscribed altar in local buff sandstone. The front of the capital and the front right corner of the base have been broken away. In the top of the capital there is a rectangular mortice hole, perhaps cut in the medieval period for use as a socket for a cross. The stone is very much weathered. Some relief carving survives. "On the left side of the shaft are a knife and an axe, on the right a jug and long-handled patera". 1.185 m high x 0.71 m wide x 0.41 m deep. Though (5) thought (1) had seen the altar "immured upside down in the east wall of the chapel", the latter's statement is ambiguous and he does not illustrate the stone. (2) found the altar on the ground within the walls of the church. (3) illustrates the altar but does not say where it was, and he thought it had been found after (1) had published his account since he did not mention it. In 1968 (4) saw the altar within the body of the church, though its date of accession to the Museum of Antiquities suggests not. Dated C2-C3.
Site Name
North Gosforth, Roman altar from the Chapel
Site Type: Specific
Altar
HER Number
169
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 169 >> J. Bell, 1832, An Account of the Remains of a Chapel ...near Low Gosforth House... Archaeologia Aeliana, 1, II, pp. 243-45
Rev. R.E. Hooppell, 1882, On the Ruins of an Early Church at North Gosforth, near Newcastle... JBAA, Vol. 38, pp. 117-121
S. Holmes, 1883, ...Recent Investigations at the Ruimed Chapel of North Gosforth, Archaeologia Aeliana, 2, IX, pp. 205-210
B.H. Pritchard, 1968, Ordnance Survey archaeological record card
E.J. Phillips, 1977, Corpus Signorum Imperii Romani Great Britain, Vol. I, Fasc.I, no. 303, p. 110 and plate 81
SURVIVAL
60-79%
YEAR1
1989
YEAR2
1995
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Unknown
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
CONDITION
Fair
Crossref
166, 169
DAY1
17
DAY2
15
District
Newcastle
Easting
424630
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ27SW
MATERIAL
Sandstone
MONTH1
08
MONTH2
11
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 27 SW 2
Northing
570110
parish
North Gosforth
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
North Gosforth
Description
A building-stone, 17 x 9 inches, was found in 1826 built upside down into the external plinth at the east end of North Gosforth Chapel in the grounds of Low Gosforth House. It was probably brought from the Roman Wall, which lies about 4 miles to the south, and is now in the Museum of Antiquities. Its inscription reads 'coh(ortis) VII / [...]' 'From the seventh cohort...' .
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
"Building-stone, 17 x 9 in, found in 1826 built upside down into the external plinth at the east end of North Gosforth Chapel in the grounds of Low Gosforth House, Newcastle upon Tyne. It was probably brought from the Wall, which lies about 4 miles to the south. Now in the Museum of Antiquities, Newcastle upon Tyne... coh(ortis) VII / [...] 'From the seventh cohort...' (2) assigns it to Risingham". It was presumably removed from the chapel, and its place in the east wall filled, by the Office of Works. (7) notes it as in the Museum of Antiquities in 1968.
Site Name
North Gosforth, Roman building stone from the Chapel
Site Type: Specific
Centurial Stone
HER Number
168
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 168 >> J. Bell, 1832, An Account of the Remains of a Chapel ...near Low Gosforth House... Archaeologia Aeliana, 1, II, pp. 243-45
A. Huebner,1873, Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum, VII, 1028
Rev. R.E. Hooppell, 1882, On the Ruins of an Early Church at North Gosforth, near Newcastle... JBAA, Vol. 38, pp. 117-121
S. Holmes, 1883, ...Recent Investigations at the Ruimed Chapel of North Gosforth, Archaeologia Aeliana, 2, IX, pp. 205-210
M.H. Dodds, 1930, Northumberland County History, XIII, p. 564, no. 1
R. G. Collingwood & R.P. Wright, 1965, The Roman Inscriptions of Britain, p. 438, no. 1324
B.H. Pritchard, 1968, Ordnance Survey archaeological record card
SURVIVAL
20-39%
YEAR1
1989
YEAR2
1995
English, British
ADDITINF
Y
AREA_STAT
Site of Special Scientific Interest
Class
Gardens Parks and Urban Spaces
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Clare Henderson
CONDITION
Fair
Crossref
164, 165
DAY1
21
DAY2
24
District
Newcastle
Easting
424902
Grid ref figure
10
Map Sheet
NZ27SW
MAP2
NZ27SE
MONTH1
08
MONTH2
03
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
571178
parish
North Gosforth
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Gosforth
Description
In 1566 Sir Robert Brandling acquired North Gosforth, and in 1760 Charles Brandling moved the family seat there from Felling, and employed James Payne to design Gosforth House. About half the township was then turned into a park as a setting for the house. This entailed taking the land out of agriculture, probably removing the hedges which had enclosed the open fields, and possibly even clearing a farm, or the village of North Gosforth. Then, over quite a long period, there was a lot of planting of trees, in large and small plots, and - as well as the house - the building of a park wall with gates and lodges, stables, walled gardens, a steward's house and an ice-house. The extensive eastern plantations and the lake, with a boathouse, may date from the time of Charles John Brandling (1802-26). In 1852 the Rev. R.H. Brandling sold the property to Thomas Smith, and in 1880 it was resold to be turned into a racecourse. LOCAL LIST
SITEASS
Parts of the Park are now at risk from redevelopment by the High Gosforth Park Co. for housing etc. There should be a proper study of the Park as a piece of C18-19 landscape with its associated buildings. Local list - Gosforth Park is a landscaped area of over 1000 acres in the north of the city and was landscaped by the Brandling family in the later eighteenth century. In 1852 the Brandling family went bankrupt and the house and much of the land was acquired by a shipbuilder, Thomas Smith. The park is bounded by a wall and has fine lodges at the entrances. The large stone gateposts by the west lodge are by John Dobson and feature the Brandling arms carved in high relief. The race course was established in 1880 and Brandling House (built 1755-1764) was made into the back premises of the racecourse grandstand. Today Gosforth Park is a popular and important recreational area. Within its boundaries the racecourse, a garden centre, a golf course, a lake, an exhibition centre and a campsite can be found. The site is crossed by roads and paths, and holds important areas of woodland and water as well as listed buildings and significant archaeology. Wildlife such as deer inhabit the site.
Site Type: Broad
Park
SITEDESC
In 1566 Sir Robert Brandling acquired North Gosforth, and in 1760 Charles Brandling moved the family seat there from Felling, and employed James Payne to design Gosforth House. About half the township was then turned into a park as a setting for the house. This entailed taking the land out of agriculture, probably removing the hedges etc. which had enclosed the open fields, and possibly even clearing a farm, or the village of North Gosforth. Then, over quite a long period, there was a lot of planting of trees, in large and small plots, and - as well as the house - the building of a park wall with gates and lodges, stables, walled gardens, a steward's house and an ice-house. The extensive eastern plantations and the lake, with boathouse etc., may date from the time of Charles John Brandling (1802-26). In 1852 the Rev. R.H. Brandling sold the estate to Thomas Smith for £25,000 and the park was let to Joseph Stoker, and in 1880 it was resold to be turned into a racecourse.
Site Name
Gosforth Park
Site Type: Specific
Landscape Park
SITE_STAT
Local List, Site of Special Scientific Interest
HER Number
167
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 167 >> W. Hutchinson, 1776, A View of Northumberland, II, pp. 323-325
E. Mackenzie, 1825, View of the County of Northumberland, II, p. 471
M.H. Dodds, 1930, North Gosforth Township, Northumberland County History, XIII, pp. 352-55
Seymour-Bell, 19th century Gosforth 11/nos. 9-13 -Newcastle Library Local Studies
Northumberland Records Office - 1852 - 380
Aerial Photograph, RCHME RAF 1958 - 0376, 0377, F 21
Aerial Photograph, Newcastle Planning Dept. Fairey Surveys Ltd. 1974, Tyne and Wear County, 18: 7 112, 115, 116; 19: 193-197; 20: 469-474
L. Allason-Jones &A. Osler, 1986, The Gosforth (Tyne and Wear) Boat Northern Archaeology, Vol. 7, part 2, pp. 17-29
F. Green, 1995, A Guide to the Historic Parks and Gardens of Tyne and Wear p 20
F. Green, 1995, Historic Parks & Gardens in Tyne & Wear, Stage 2 Research; Archaeological Services Durham University, 2013, Newcastle Race Course at High Gosforth Park, North Gosforth, Tyne and Wear - archaeological desk based assessment; AJT Environmental Consultants, 2000, Environment Statement - archaeological assessment by The Archaeological Practice; R Welford, 1975 edition, A history of the Parish of Gosforth; Durham Record Office, 1881-2, Records of the High Gosforth Park Co., D/X/674/273; AAG Archaeology, 2016, Gosforth Park Walled Gardens - Building Recording
SURVIVAL
60-79%
YEAR1
1989
YEAR2
2021
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