English, British
ADDITINF
N
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
73
DAY1
17
DAY2
25
District
Sunderland
Easting
439220
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
06
MONTH2
10
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 35 NE 25
Northing
556940
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Bishopwearmouth
Description
When the Hat and Feather Inn, Low Row, was rebuilt, a stretch of paved roadway was found about twelve feet below street level. Within a few feet of the ancient pavement was found a quern of millstone grit, fifteen inches wide and six inches in diameter, with its bowl eight inches wide and three-and-a-half inches deep. At the bottom of the bowl is an iron spike or pivot, by which the upper stone was kept in position as it was turned round in the process of grinding the corn or grain. The quern is considered to be medieval in origin and is now in the Sunderland Museum collection.
SITEASS
The description sounds a bit odd, and the dimensions strange. Check, and get a museum accession number.
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
When the Hat and Feather Inn, Low Row, was rebuilt, a stretch of paved roadway was found c. 12 feet below street level. "Within a few feet of the ancient pavement was also found among the loose stones an ancient Quern (now in the possession of this Society), of millstone grit, fifteen inches wide and six inches in diameter, with bowl eight inches wide and three-and-a-half inches deep. At the bottom of the bowl is an iron spike or pivot, by which the upper stone was kept in position as it was turned round in the process of grinding the corn or grain". The O.S. adds, first, that the Inn's predecessor was demolished in 1902, and secondly that the quern is medieval and in Sunderland Museum.
Site Name
Low Row, medieval quern
Site Type: Specific
Rotary Quern
HER Number
74
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 74 >> J. Robinson, 1907, Roman Road and Remains at Bishopwearmouth, Antiquities of Sunderland,Vol. V (for 1904), p. 5-6
Mention Ordnance Survey archaeological record cards, JHO, 1952, paved roadway: Medieval quern
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1995
English, British
ADDITINF
Y
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Transport
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
74, 4476
DAY1
06
DAY2
25
District
Sunderland
Easting
439220
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
06
MONTH2
10
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 35 NE 25
Northing
556940
General Period
UNCERTAIN
Specific Period
Uncertain
Place
Bishopwearmouth
Description
During the rebuilding of the ancient 'Hat and Feather' Inn, Low Row, a licensed house of early 18th century or earllier origin, the contractors came upon a section of an ancient roadway at a depth of about twelve feet below the level of the present street, in the Inn yard, adjoining the disused burial ground of Bishopwearmouth Church. The pavement was...of cobble stones, in a splendid state of preservation. At the same depth, and close to the ancient pavement, were the thick walls of what had been the boundary or retaining wall of a burn. No information is provided to indicate why it was not the floor of the cellar.
SITEASS
Very suspect - why couldn't it just have been the floor of the cellar ? Did he think it was Roman because of the quern (SMR 74)?
Site Type: Broad
Road Transport Site
SITEDESC
"Recently during the rebuilding of the ancient 'Hat and Feather' Inn, Low Row, a licensed house which has existed for upwards of 200 years, the contractors came upon some interesting remains of antiquity. At a depth of about twelve feet below the level of the present street, on that portion of the building which was the Inn yard, and adjoining the disused burial ground of Bishopwearmouth Church, a section of an ancient roadway was brought to light. The pavement was...of cobble stones, in a splendid state of preservation. At the same depth, and close to the ancient pavement, were the thick walls of what had been the boundary or retaining wall of the burn. The rush of water may yet be heard...".
Mr A.A. Bell of Sunderland claims in the 1970s to have seen the corner of a Roman mosaic in the cellar of what was Bell's Cycles (part of Victoria Buildings HER 11067 and same block as the Hat and Feather, now Green's Public House HER 4476). The mosaic apparently lay 18 inches below the cellar floor. The digger driver who dug out the cellar floor claimed to have seen decorated border tiles and what looked like the hem of a gown. He also claimed to have found a second mosaic outside the police station when the roundabout was being built. Mr Bell claims that in the 1960s gas workers found another paved road near to the Empire Theatre at a depth of 12 feet. Unfortunately no archaeologist was called out at the time to inspect the findings and no record or photographs exist to prove or disprove these finds.
Site Name
Low Row, Green's Public House, paved roadway
Site Type: Specific
Road
HER Number
73
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 73 >> J. Robinson, 1907, Roman Road and Remains at Bishopwearmouth, Antiquities of Sunderland,Vol. V (for 1904), p. 5
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1995
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
DAY1
06
DAY2
25
District
Sunderland
Easting
440420
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ45NW
MONTH1
06
MONTH2
10
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 45 NW 26
Northing
555510
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
Hendon
Description
A coin of Constantinius II (337-361A.D.) was found at 74 Hastings Street, Sunderland and is recorded in the Sunderland Museum Accession Register as being in the posession of a local member of the public.
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
"Coin of Constantinius II (337-361) found at 74 Hastings Street, Sunderland. In possession of W Scott, 10 Capetown Rd, Hylton Castle". Information derived from Sunderland Museum. Dated C4.
Site Name
Hendon, Roman coin
Site Type: Specific
Coin
HER Number
72
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 72 >> Ordnance Survey archaeological record cards, 1976, Roman coin
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1995
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
DAY1
06
DAY2
25
District
Sunderland
Easting
440500
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ45NW
MONTH1
06
MONTH2
10
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 45 NW 25
Northing
558600
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
Roker
Description
Two Constantinian coins were found opposite Roker Park Road South (the seaward end) in a garden below an octagonal bus shelter in 1935. The finds information is derived from the Sunderland Museum Accession Register, but the coins are probably now lost.
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
"Two Constantinian coins found opposite Roker Park Road South (the seaward end) in a garden below an octagonal bus shelter 1935. Now lost". Information derived from the Sunderland Museum Accession Register, which recorded C Burke 45 Bede St, Roker, as the original informant. Dated C4.
Site Name
Roker, Roman coins
Site Type: Specific
Coin
HER Number
71
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 71 >> Ordnance Survey archaeological record cards, 1976, 2 Roman coins
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1995
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
DAY1
06
DAY2
25
District
Sunderland
Easting
440800
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ45NW
MONTH1
06
MONTH2
10
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 45 NW 24
Northing
558600
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
Roker
Description
A coin of Constantine I (307-37A.D.) found c.1958 at the now demolished Durham District Omnibus garages - i.e. quite close to the sea shore. The find is recorded in the Sunderland Museum Accession Register and is probably still in the collection of the Museum.
SITEASS
Is it really in the Museum? If so, does it have an accession no. ?
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
"Coin of Constantine I (307-37) found circa 1958, at the now demolished Durham District Omnibus garages, by Mrs. H. McCririe, 10 Worcester terrace, Sunderland. In Sunderland Museum 1963". Information derived from Sunderland Museum record. Find spot appears quite close to the shore. Dated C4.
Site Name
Roker, Roman coin
Site Type: Specific
Coin
HER Number
70
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 70 >> Ordnance Survey archaeological record cards, 1976, Roman coin
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1995
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
DAY1
06
DAY2
25
District
Sunderland
Easting
441000
Grid ref figure
4
Map Sheet
NZ45NW
MATERIAL
Bronze
MONTH1
06
MONTH2
10
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 45 NW 23
Northing
556000
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
Hendon
Description
A probable Roman coin found on Hendon beach 1961 and recorded in the Sunderland Museum Accession Register. The present location of the coin is unknown.
SITEASS
This does not appear to be a museum donation - was it kept by the finder ?
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
'"AE 3 found on Hendon beach 1961". (Presumably Roman)'. Information derived from Sunderland Museum.
Site Name
Hendon, Roman coin
Site Type: Specific
Coin
HER Number
69
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 69 >> Ordnance Survey archaeological record cards, 1976, Possible Roman coin
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1995
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
DAY1
06
DAY2
25
District
Sunderland
Easting
441080
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ45NW
MONTH1
06
MONTH2
10
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 45 NW 22
Northing
555860
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
Hendon
Description
A coin of Postumus (258-267A.D.) found in 1965, apparently close to the high tide mark, certainly near the coast. The find information is recorded in the Sunderland Museum Accession Register, but the present location of the coin is unknown.
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
"Coin of Postumus (258-267) found in 1965". Information from Sunderland Museum Accession Register. The find spot appears to be close to the high tide mark, but the nature of the shore at this point is not known. Dated C3.
Site Name
Hendon, Roman coin
Site Type: Specific
Coin
HER Number
68
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 68 >> Ordnance Survey archaeological record cards, 1977, Roman coin
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1995
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Maritime Craft
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
DAY1
05
DAY2
25
District
Sunderland
Easting
439100
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
06
MONTH2
10
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 35 NE 33
Northing
557300
General Period
EARLY MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Early Medieval 410 to 1066
Place
Sunderland
Description
According to local tradition Galley Gill marks the place where Danish invaders found shelter for their vessels when plundering the district in Viking times. When the Lambton Coal Staiths were made, the remains of what was identified as a Danish galley were discovered embedded in the ground at the base of the limestone cliff in the old Gill.
SITEASS
A good example of Mitchell's Myths, but the O.S. will have it.
Site Type: Broad
Watercraft
SITEDESC
"According to local tradition Galley Gill marks the place where Danish invaders found shelter for their vessels when plundering our district in remote ages. When the Lambton Coal Staiths were made, the remains of a Danish galley were discovered embedded in the ground at the base of the limestone cliff in the old Gill".
Site Name
Galley Gill, Danish galley
Site Type: Specific
Watercraft
HER Number
67
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 67 >> W.C. Mitchell, 1919, History of Sunderland, p. 35
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1995
English, British
ADDITINF
Y
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
63, 64, 65
DAY1
17
DAY2
22
District
Sunderland
Easting
440060
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ45NW
MONTH1
06
MONTH2
01
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
556970
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Sunderland
Description
When the Quakers moved their headquarters from High Street to Nile Street in 1822/3 they opened a new burying ground immediately north of the new meeting house, along the west side of the houses fronting the west side of Nile Street. This cemetery was in use between 1823 and 1856/7, when it was closed by Order in Council. The ground stretched over 530 yards, though the area used for interments was 184 feet x 34 feet. The graves were 9 feet for adults, 7 feet for children. In 1850 the Society agreed to place stones over the graves with names in full and date of death inscribed on them. From 1858 the Quakers used the Chester Road (Bishopwearmouth) Cemetery.
SITEASS
No information seems to be available about any exhumations from this burial ground.
Site Type: Broad
Cemetery
SITEDESC
When the Quakers moved their headquarters from High Street to Nile Street in 1822/3 they opened a new burying ground immediately north of the new meeting house, along the west side of the houses fronting the west side of Nile Street. This cemetery was in use between 1823 and 1 May 1856 (or 1857?), when it was closed by Order in Council. The ground stretched over 530 yards, though the area used for interments was 184 feet x 34 feet. The graves were 9 feet for adults, 7 feet for children. In 1850 the Society agreed to place stones over the graves with names in full and date of death inscribed on them. From 1858 the Quakers used the Chester Road (Bishopwearmouth) Cemetery.
Site Name
Nile Street, Quaker Burial Ground 2
Site Type: Specific
Friends Burial Ground
HER Number
66
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 66 >> Sunderland Museum Ordnance Survey maps, Ordnance Survey 1st ed. 1:500, sheet 23
Quaker exhibition display boards, Quakers 1, 3, 5 -Sunderland Museum
C.B. Walker, 1979, The East End of Sunderland, Antiquities of Sunderland, Vol. 27 (for 1977-9), p. 81
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
Y
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Claire MacRae
Crossref
63, 64, 66
DAY1
17
DAY2
19
District
Sunderland
Easting
440090
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ45NW
MONTH1
06
MONTH2
02
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 35 NE 229
Northing
556920
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Sunderland
Description
The Quakers built a meeting house at the corner of Nile Street and Borough Road in 1822 or 1823 to succeed the earlier one in High Street. It survived until c.1976. Its burying ground existed on its north side until 1856 or 1857, and other buildings came to be arranged around it, including a library, lecture room, women's meeting room and caretaker's cottage. On the adjacent site to the west the Quakers built a school in 1859 which, with later alterations, still stands.
Site Type: Broad
Place of Worship
SITEDESC
The Quakers built a meeting house at the corner of Nile Street and Borough Road in 1822 or 1823 to succeed the earlier one in High Street. It survived until c.1976. Its burying ground existed on its north side until 1856 or 1857, and other buildings came to be arranged around it - library, lecture room, women's meeting room, caretaker's cottage. On the adjacent site to the west in 1859 the Quakers built a school which, with later alterations, still stands. Red brick, five-bay front with three-bay pediment. Late-19th century extensions include, S of the meeting-house, a circular committee room, octagonal externally, with a domed roof, and to the N a hall, beyond a caretaker’s house of two storeys, built c1822. The whole complex was surrounded by a tall brick boundary wall.
Site Name
Nile Street, Quaker Meeting House 2
Site Type: Specific
Friends Meeting House
HER Number
65
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 65 >> C.B. Walker, 1979, The East End of Sunderland, Antiquities of Sunderland, Vol. 27 (for 1977-79), p. 81
Ordnance Survey maps, Ordnance Survey, 1st ed. 1:500, sheet 23
Quaker exhibition display boards, Quakers 1, 3, 5, 6- Sunderland Museum; The Archaeological Practice Ltd., 2014, List of Non-Conformist Chapels in Sunderland
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
2015