English, British
Class
Commercial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
25
District
Gateshead
Easting
418400
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563300
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Blaydon
Description
In 1856 the landlord was John Young.
Site Type: Broad
Eating and Drinking Establishment
SITEDESC
In 1856 the landlord was John Young.
Site Name
Railway Inn
Site Type: Specific
Public House
HER Number
16181
Form of Evidence
Demolished Building
Sources
William Whelan & Co, 1856, History, Topography and Directory of the County Palatine of Durham
YEAR1
2014
English, British
Class
Commercial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
25
District
Gateshead
Easting
418400
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563300
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Blaydon
Description
In 1856 the landlord was Thomas Falkous.
Site Type: Broad
Eating and Drinking Establishment
SITEDESC
In 1856 the landlord was Thomas Falkous.
Site Name
Glass House Tavern
Site Type: Specific
Public House
HER Number
16180
Form of Evidence
Demolished Building
Sources
William Whelan & Co, 1856, History, Topography and Directory of the County Palatine of Durham
YEAR1
2014
English, British
Class
Commercial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
25
District
Gateshead
Easting
418400
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563300
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Blaydon
Description
In 1856 the landlady was Jane Hymers.
Site Type: Broad
Inn
SITEDESC
In 1856 the landlady was Jane Hymers.
Site Name
Board Inn
Site Type: Specific
Inn
HER Number
16179
Form of Evidence
Demolished Building
Sources
William Whelan & Co, 1856, History, Topography and Directory of the County Palatine of Durham
YEAR1
2014
English, British
Class
Commercial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
25
District
Gateshead
Easting
418400
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563300
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Blaydon
Description
In 1856 the landlord was Robert Walker.
Site Type: Broad
Eating and Drinking Establishment
SITEDESC
In 1856 the landlord was Robert Walker.
Site Name
Bee Hive Public House
Site Type: Specific
Public House
HER Number
16178
Form of Evidence
Demolished Building
Sources
William Whelan & Co, 1856, History, Topography and Directory of the County Palatine of Durham
YEAR1
2014
English, British
Class
Education
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
25
District
Gateshead
Easting
418400
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563300
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Blaydon
Description
Described by Whelan in 1856 as having been erected by subscription in 1852. Cost over £600. 'A handsome and commodious structure, in a modern style of architecture'. Comprised a reading room, library and large lecture hall, which served as a school during the week and a place of worship for Wesleyan Reformers on Sundays. The newsroom held various journals and periodicals. The library held over 700 books. There were around 130 members in 1856. Joseph Cowen was the president, Thomas Valens, vice-president, Mr Oliver was secretary and William Elder, librarian.
Site Type: Broad
Institute
SITEDESC
Described by Whelan in 1856 as having been erected by subscription in 1852. Cost over £600. 'A handsome and commodious structure, in a modern style of architecture'. Comprised a reading room, library and large lecture hall, which served as a school during the week and a place of worship for Wesleyan Reformers on Sundays. The newsroom held various journals and periodicals. The library held over 700 books. There were around 130 members in 1856. Joseph Cowen was the president, Thomas Valens, vice-president, Mr Oliver was secretary and William Elder, librarian.
Site Name
Blaydon, mechanics institute
Site Type: Specific
Mechanics Institute
HER Number
16177
Form of Evidence
Demolished Building
Sources
William Whelan & Co, 1856, History, Topography and Directory of the County Palatine of Durham
YEAR1
2014
English, British
Class
Education
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
25
District
Gateshead
Easting
418540
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563420
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Blaydon
Description
Described by Whelan in 1856 as an elegant stone structure, erected by subscription and by government grants, in 1853. Cost around £1400. Conducted by 'highly efficient teachers'. Attended by over 250 children (boys and girls). The infant school was being added in 1856, to accommodate 120 pupils. The school had a good library with over 400 books. The teachers were Mr J.J and Mrs Moses.
Site Type: Broad
School
SITEDESC
Described by Whelan in 1856 as an elegant stone structure, erected by subscription and by government grants, in 1853. Cost around £1400. Conducted by 'highly efficient teachers'. Attended by over 250 children (boys and girls). The infant school was being added in 1856, to accommodate 120 pupils. The school had a good library with over 400 books. The teachers were Mr J.J and Mrs Moses.
Site Name
St. Cuthbert's National School
Site Type: Specific
National School
HER Number
16176
Form of Evidence
Demolished Building
Sources
William Whelan & Co, 1856, History, Topography and Directory of the County Palatine of Durham
YEAR1
2014
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Domestic
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
25
District
Gateshead
Easting
418400
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563300
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Blaydon
Description
According to William Whelan (1856) Blaydon was 'a considerable village' in the Parish of Stella. It was an industrial settlement which grew up around extensive chain and chain cable manufactories, chemical works, collieries, coke ovens, engine works, firebrick works, bottle works and iron works. In 1829 a suspension bridge was built between Blaydon and Scotswood. It opened in 1831. The Parish Church (St. Cuthbert's) was built in 1844. There were Primitive and Wesleyan Methodist Chapels. The Wesleyan Methodist Reformers met for worship in the mechanics institute. St Cuthbert's National School was built in 1853, the infants school in 1856. The Blaydon and Stella Mechanics Institute was built in 1852. Also in the village there was a Building Society and a Sick Benefit Society, both 'in a flourishing condition'. Blaydon Gas Works was established in 1853. John Palmer Dalton was the postmaster at Blaydon Post Office in 1856. There are 4 boot and shoemakers listed in Whelan's Directory, 6 butchers, 1 cartwright and joiner based at Blaydon Burn, two chain and chain cable manufacturers (Edward Hall and Robert Hall & Company of Blaydon Iron Works), two chemists - manufacturing (Blaydon Chemical Company and prepared bone manure) and GH Ramsay based in Derwenthaugh). Two coal owners and merchants (Joseph Cowen & Co, Blaydon Burn and GH Ramsay at Blaydon Main). Three coke manufacturers (the Marquis of Bute of Derwenthaugh, GH Ramsay and the Stella Coal Company). One engine builder (GW Hawdon and Sons). Four firebrick and gas retort manufacturers (W Cochrane Carr, Joseph Cowen & Co, W Harriman & Co and GH Ramsay). Two glass bottle manufacturer (North Durham Bottle Company and Blaydon Bottle Works). 10 grocers and provision dealers, 2 hinge manufacturers. 8 inns, hotels and taverns (Bee Hive, Black Bull, Board, Glass House Tavern, New Inn, Railway Inn, Red Lion, Royal Oak). 3 beer retailers. One iron and brass founders (GW Hawdon and Sons of Blaydon Foundry). 3 joiners. 1 nail manufacturer (Robert Hall & Co). 2 painters and glaziers. 1 saw mill owner (John Nicholson). 2 stone merchants. 1 surgeon (Philip Brown M.D. of Blaydon House). 4 tailors. 1 tallow chandler and 1 timber merchant.
Site Type: Broad
Settlement
SITEDESC
According to William Whelan (1856) Blaydon was 'a considerable village' in the Parish of Stella. It was an industrial settlement which grew up around extensive chain and chain cable manufactories, chemical works, collieries, coke ovens, engine works, firebrick works, bottle works and iron works. In 1829 a suspension bridge was built between Blaydon and Scotswood. It opened in 1831. The Parish Church (St. Cuthbert's) was built in 1844. There were Primitive and Wesleyan Methodist Chapels. The Wesleyan Methodist Reformers met for worship in the mechanics institute. St Cuthbert's National School was built in 1853, the infants school in 1856. The Blaydon and Stella Mechanics Institute was built in 1852. Also in the village there was a Building Society and a Sick Benefit Society, both 'in a flourishing condition'. Blaydon Gas Works was established in 1853. John Palmer Dalton was the postmaster at Blaydon Post Office in 1856. There are 4 boot and shoemakers listed in Whelan's Directory, 6 butchers, 1 cartwright and joiner based at Blaydon Burn, two chain and chain cable manufacturers (Edward Hall and Robert Hall & Company of Blaydon Iron Works), two chemists - manufacturing (Blaydon Chemical Company and prepared bone manure) and GH Ramsay based in Derwenthaugh). Two coal owners and merchants (Joseph Cowen & Co, Blaydon Burn and GH Ramsay at Blaydon Main). Three coke manufacturers (the Marquis of Bute of Derwenthaugh, GH Ramsay and the Stella Coal Company). One engine builder (GW Hawdon and Sons). Four firebrick and gas retort manufacturers (W Cochrane Carr, Joseph Cowen & Co, W Harriman & Co and GH Ramsay). Two glass bottle manufacturer (North Durham Bottle Company and Blaydon Bottle Works). 10 grocers and provision dealers, 2 hinge manufacturers. 8 inns, hotels and taverns (Bee Hive, Black Bull, Board, Glass House Tavern, New Inn, Railway Inn, Red Lion, Royal Oak). 3 beer retailers. One iron and brass founders (GW Hawdon and Sons of Blaydon Foundry). 3 joiners. 1 nail manufacturer (Robert Hall & Co). 2 painters and glaziers. 1 saw mill owner (John Nicholson). 2 stone merchants. 1 surgeon (Philip Brown M.D. of Blaydon House). 4 tailors. 1 tallow chandler and 1 timber merchant.
Site Name
Blaydon village
Site Type: Specific
Village
HER Number
16175
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
William Whelan & Co, 1856, History, Topography and Directory of the County Palatine of Durham
YEAR1
2014
English, British
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Claire MacRae
COMP2
Clare Henderson
DAY1
13
DAY2
01
District
Sunderland
Easting
434844
Grid ref figure
10
MONTH1
8
MONTH2
2
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
549049
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Iron Age -800 to 43
Place
Houghton-le-Spring
Description
A ditch was partially excavated during an archaeological evaluation at Gillas Lane ahead of the development of the field for housing in 2013. The ditch was tentatively dated to the prehistoric period. It was more thoroughly investigated in 2014. Evidence from small charred plant microfossils and charcoal assemblages combined with the presence of calcined bone, suggests the ditch comprises the disposal of domestic hearth waste. Comparison with archaeobotanical studies for North East England indicates an Iron Age origin for this feature.
Site Type: Broad
Ditch
SITEDESC
A ditch was partially excavated during an archaeological evaluation at Gillas Lane ahead of the development of the field for housing in 2013. The ditch was tentatively dated to the prehistoric period. It was more thoroughly investigated in 2014. Evidence from small charred plant microfossils and charcoal assemblages combined with the presence of calcined bone, suggests the ditch comprises the disposal of domestic hearth waste. The ditch measured 80m in length but continued out of the surveyed area to the east and probably to the west. Radiocarbon dating of three ditch fills returned two Bronze Age date and one Iron Age.
Site Name
Gillas Lane, ditch
Site Type: Specific
Ditch
HER Number
16174
Form of Evidence
Physical Evidence
Sources
Archaeological Services Durham University, 2013, Gillas Lane, Houghton-le-Spring, Archaeological Evaluation; Archaeological Services Durham University, 2014, Gillas Lane, Houghton-le-Spring, Archaeological Works; Archaeological Services Durham University, 2014, Gillas Lane, Houghton le Spring - post-excavation full analysis
YEAR1
2014
YEAR2
2021
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Claire MacRae
DAY1
24
District
Gateshead
LANDUSE
Built Over
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Gateshead
Description
Excavation in advance of a new hotel at Hawks Road, Gateshead identified a short section of timber waggonway and an ancillary structure relating to the late 18th century and early 19th century operations of William Hawk's Gateshead Iron Works. No evidence for the waggonway has been identified on any early maps. It has been interpreted as an internal branch line delievering coal or coke to a foundry building. The waggonway consisted of a single track, which would not be unusual for the short distance it covered, with an approimate gauge of 4ft 3 inches. The sleepers were closely spaced which suggests it was required to take heavy loads, as would be expected of single track route to a foundry. The track had been constructed on a man-made terrace of sand and gravel to provide a level, free-draining surface. The timbers had rotted, leaving impressions of their former positions in the sand and gravel surface. The slightly irregular profile of the sleepers suggest untrimmed branches had been used as had been found to be the case at Lambton D Pit near Sunderland, Rainton Bridge and Houghton-le-Spring. This may represent the only excavated example of a purpose built waggonway for delievering fuel directly to a foundry in the north-east.
Site Type: Broad
Tramway Transport Site
SITEDESC
Excavation in advance of a new hotel at Hawks Road, Gateshead identified a short section of timber waggonway and an ancillary structure relating to the late 18th century and early 19th century operations of William Hawk's Gateshead Iron Works. No evidence for the waggonway has been identified on any early maps. It has been interpreted as an internal branch line delievering coal or coke to a foundry building. The waggonway consisted of a single track, which would not be unusual for the short distance it covered, with an approimate gauge of 4ft 3 inches. The sleepers were closely spaced which suggests it was required to take heavy loads, as would be expected of single track route to a foundry. The track had been constructed on a man-made terrace of sand and gravel to provide a level, free-draining surface. The timbers had rotted, leaving impressions of their former positions in the sand and gravel surface. The slightly irregular profile of the sleepers suggest untrimmed branches had been used as had been found to be the case at Lambton D Pit near Sunderland, Rainton Bridge and Houghton-le-Spring. This may represent the only excavated example of a purpose built waggonway for delievering fuel directly to a foundry in the north-east.
Site Name
Gateshead, Hawks Road, waggonway
Site Type: Specific
Wagonway
HER Number
16173
Form of Evidence
Physical Evidence
Sources
Industrial Archaeology News, 2013, No 165 p7
YEAR1
2014
English, British
Class
Domestic
COMP1
Claire MacRae
DAY1
24
District
S Tyneside
Easting
436040
Grid ref figure
8
LANDUSE
Built Over
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
566220
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
South Shields
Description
Laygate House is shown on Brigham and Cowan's map of 1827 with a formal garden. The house was bought in the early 19th century by the Stevenson family from Glasgow. The patriarch of the family had become a partner in the Jarrow and South Shields Chemical Works. Laygate House was probably demolished shortly after c.1856 due to the planned re-development of the area for Tyneside Flats to house the growing influx of workers, and the family moved to Westoe village.
Site Type: Broad
House
SITEDESC
Laygate House is shown on Brigham and Cowan's map of 1827 with a formal garden. The house was bought in the early 19th century by the Stevenson family from Glasgow. The patriarch of the family had become a partner in the Jarrow and South Shields Chemical Works. Laygate House was probably demolished shortly after c.1856 due to the planned re-development of the area for Tyneside Flats to house the growing influx of workers, and the family moved to Westoe village.
Site Name
Laygate House
Site Type: Specific
Villa
HER Number
16172
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
Tyne and Wear Museums, 2013, Frederick Street, South Shields, Archaeological Building Recording; Brigham and Cowan map 1827; Entec UK Ltd, 2009, Trinity South Regeneration - Archaeological Assessment
YEAR1
2014