Bench end from St. Nicholas church found in St. Nicholas Square before 1931. The top is carved with a trefoil poppy head, and the lower part is divided into two panels, each with a cusped arcading. One side has an acanthus scroll. Height 23 inches, width 9.25 inches and thickness 2.75 inches.
Site Type: Broad
Street Furniture
SITEDESC
Bench end from St. Nicholas church found in St. Nicholas Square before 1931. The top is carved with a trefoil poppy head, and the lower part is divided into two panels, each with a cusped arcading. One side has an acanthus scroll. Height 23 inches, width 9.25 inches and thickness 2.75 inches. Dated C16th.
Site Name
St. Nicholas Square, bench end
Site Type: Specific
Bench
HER Number
6651
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
Archaeologia Aeliana, 4, VII, p 172
YEAR1
2005
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Unassigned
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
1491
DAY1
25
District
Newcastle
Easting
425000
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MAP2
NZ26SE
MONTH1
1
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563990
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Newcastle
Description
A cistern head in present on the library/vestry building which was added onto the south side of the cathedral in 18th century. The date on the cistern head is probably 1736, the year when Walter Blackett built the library for the books of the Rev. Dr. Robert Thomlinson and other benefactors. The arms and crest on the cistern head are those of the Blackett family (silver, on a chevron, between three mullets, pierced sable, three escallops silver. A hawk's head crest). The cistern-head was on the library wall facing the clerestory window of the choir and could not be seen from the ground. It was later moved to another place. The vestry was to the south side of the chancel, and the library was above this. The library keeper was [in 1736] the Rev. Mr Stoddard, Assistant Curate of the church.
Site Type: Broad
Architectural Fragment
SITEDESC
A cistern head is present on the library/vestry building which was added onto the south side of the cathedral in 18th century. The date on the cistern head is probably 1736, the year when Walter Blackett built the library for the books of the Rev. Dr Robert Thomlinson and other benefactors. The arms and crest on the cistern head are those of the Blackett family (silver, on a chevron, between three mullets, pierced sable, three escallops silver. A hawk's head crest). The cistern-head was on the library wall facing the clerestory window of the choir and could not be seen from the ground. It was later moved to another place. The vestry was to the south side of the chancel, and the library was above this. The library keeper was [in 1736] the Rev. Mr Stoddard, Assistant Curate of the church.
Site Name
St. Nicholas Square, cistern head
Site Type: Specific
Cistern Head
HER Number
6650
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne, Series 4, V (1933), p 40; H. Bourne, 1736, The History of Newcastle upon Tyne, p 61
YEAR1
2005
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Unassigned
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
1491
DAY1
25
District
Newcastle
Easting
424960
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MAP2
NZ26SE
MATERIAL
Ceramic
MONTH1
1
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564030
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Newcastle
Description
Pottery fragments with a dull green glaze, characteristic of medieval period c.1500, a leather sole and a stone ball (6 inches in diameter) were found during excavations of a trench on the north side of the Queen Victoria statue, 4 feet below the roadway surface. Donated to the Society of Antiquaries by the Post Office Engineering Department (per Mr H. Kitchen) in October 1925.
Site Type: Broad
Archaeological Feature
SITEDESC
Pottery fragments with a dull green glaze, characteristic of medieval period c.1500, a leather sole and a stone ball (6 inches in diameter) were found during excavations of a trench on the north side of the Queen Victoria statue, 4 feet below the roadway surface. Donated to the Society of Antiquaries by the Post Office Engineering Department (per Mr H. Kitchen) in October 1925. Dated C16th.
Site Name
St. Nicholas Square, medieval pottery, stone ball
Site Type: Specific
Sherd
HER Number
6649
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne, Series 4, I (1925), pp 9-10
YEAR1
2005
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
1491
DAY1
25
District
Newcastle
Easting
425000
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MAP2
NZ26SE
MONTH1
1
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564000
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Newcastle
Description
Three 12th century carved stones were found 20 feet north west of St Nicholas Cathedral in around 1925, during excavations for the new tramways on the High Level Bridge approach. They had been reused in a building and then used in road penning below the old granite setts. One stone was a carved water-leaf capital dated c.1175 AD. The other two stones were voussoirs with keeled rolls and an outer chamfered edge. They were probably arch stones from the side windowa, doorway or arch moulding of a church of the same period - probably from the second church of St Nicholas destroyed by fire in 1216. Donated to the Society of Antiquaries by Newcastle Corporation (per Mr Steele).
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
Three C12 carved stones were found 20 feet north west of St Nicholas Cathedral in around 1925, during excavations for the new tramways on the High Level Bridge approach. They had been reused in a building and then used in road penning below the old granite setts. One stone was a carved water-leaf capital dated c.1175 AD. The other two stones were voussoirs with keeled rolls and an outer chamfered edge. They were probably arch stones from the side windowa, doorway or arch moulding of a church of the same period - probably from the second church of St Nicholas destroyed by fire in 1216. Donated to the Society of Antiquaries by Newcastle Corporation (per Mr Steele). Dated C12th.
Site Name
Church of St. Nicholas, carved stones
Site Type: Specific
Carved Stone
HER Number
6648
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne, Series 4, I (1925), pp 9-10
YEAR1
2005
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
1491
DAY1
25
District
Newcastle
Easting
425000
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MAP2
NZ26SE
MATERIAL
Stone
MONTH1
1
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564000
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Newcastle
Description
A square cubical stone, carved with a thistle, and some decorated window tracery (possibly from the destroyed tower of St. Nicholas Church HER 1491) was found in the Castle Garth or in the vicinity of St Nicholas Cathedral, and presented to the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne in 1856.
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
A square cubical stone, carved with a thistle, and some decorated window tracery (possibly from the destroyed tower of St. Nicholas Church HER 1491) was found in the Castle Garth or in the vicinity of St Nicholas Cathedral, and presented to the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne in 1856. Dated C14th.
Site Name
St. Nicholas Square, architectural fragment
Site Type: Specific
Carved Stone
HER Number
6647
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne, Series 1, I:19 (1856), p 154
YEAR1
2005
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
25
District
Newcastle
Easting
425000
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
1
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563800
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
Newcastle
Description
A coin of Nerva (AD 96-98) was found before 1855 in the Castle Garth, whilst clearing the site of the new street from St. Nicholas Square to the High Level Bridge.
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
A coin of Nerva (AD 96-98) was found before 1855 in the Castle Garth, whilst clearing the site of the new street from St. Nicholas Square to the High Level Bridge. Dated C1.
Site Name
Castle Garth, Roman coin
Site Type: Specific
Coin
HER Number
6646
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne, Series 1, I:11, 69 (1855)
YEAR1
2005
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Transport
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
25
District
Newcastle
Easting
425000
Grid ref figure
4
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MAP2
NZ26SE
MONTH1
1
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564000
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Newcastle
Description
Sadeleregate (1447)
Site Type: Broad
Road Transport Site
SITEDESC
Sadeleregate (1447). Dated C15th.
Site Name
Saddlergate
Site Type: Specific
Road
HER Number
6644
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
B. Harbottle and P. Clack, 1976, Newcastle Upon Tyne - Archaeology and Development in D.W. Harding (ed), 1976, Archaeology in the North
YEAR1
2005
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
COMP2
Claire MacRae
Crossref
1491, 5173, 6667, 6720
DAY1
25
DAY2
28
District
Newcastle
Easting
425010
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MAP2
NZ26SE
MONTH1
1
MONTH2
11
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564030
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Newcastle
Description
Northkyrkestile (1430), Odeschere (1366). Two medieval floreated grave covers were found in around 1886 - they dated to 12th century and 13th century. Bourne lists the inscriptions on the tombs, monuments and graves, including a description of a monument to Henry, Earl of Northumberland. The lane to the north side of the churchyard was called Ratunrau (1292), Ratounrawe (1335), Ratunrawe (1393) and Rattenrawe (1425) - means Rat's Row. The churchyard is said to be haunted by the spirit of Martha Williams who was murdered in the churchyard by two graverobbers {Kirkup 2009}.
SITEASS
Notable monuments in the cathedral - Sarah Blackett (1740-1775) mother-in-law of Admiral Lord Collingwood. Captain John Bover (1714-1782) Chief of Newcastle's Press Gang and Naval Recruitment Officer (wall tablet in south aisle). Isaac Cookson (1679-1744) industrialist (ledger stone in south aisle). Maddison family marble monument of 1635 against west wall of south transept. Rev. Hugh Moises (1722-1806), headmaster of Newcastle Grammar School in Westgate (white marble wall monument in south transept). Edward Mosley (1717-1798), hostman who financed the construction of Mosley Street (ledger stone and mural in north aisle of nave). Ridley family (marble wall monument to Matthew 1712-1778 in Roman costume on south aisle of chancel, tall marble monument to commemorate the achievements of Sir Matthew White Ridley 1745-1813 on west wall of the nave and a marble wall monument to Nicholas 1750-1805 on the north side of the great east window. Sir John Marley (1590-1673) hostman, mayor and MP, is buried in St. George's Porch. Monuments in the churchyard - table tomb to Joseph Barber (1706-1781) bookseller and copper-plate printer, ledger stone in the path outside the vestry to Robert Storey (1733-1822) surgeon, headstone in the path of Rev. Robert Wansley (1772-1836) preacher at St. Thomas Chapel, headstone to Luigi Grassi (1803-1835) of St. Giorgio, Italy, headstone to Thomas Reevely (1744-1775) servant to Matthew Bell Jnr. Esq., headstone to James Davenport (1752-1820) flax merchant and a ledger stone of 1791 to the five children of John Thompson, clerk of St. Nicholas Church {Morgan 2004}.
Site Type: Broad
Cemetery
SITEDESC
Northkyrkestile (1430), Odeschere (1366). The church chancel was a burial place of Newcastle's elite until the late 18th century. There were also tombs in the arched recesses in the south wall of the nave. In 1783 the uneven chancel floor is said to have been cleared of human remains then levelled and fitted with new pews. Some burials were transferred to the nave, others to the charnel house {Morgan 2004, 15}. The last burial in the church was in 1853. The church also has a surrounding churchyard. In 1825 the small churchyard was around half an acre in size. A 'neat and handsome' brick wall with a wooden fence on top was built around the open churchyard in 1761. Around 1800 railings replaced the brick wall. Some of the railings still survive. In 1926 a metal frieze with biblical phases was added to the railings. The 14th century charnel house under part of the north transept was cleared of bones in 1824. It was converted into a chapel in 1932. Burials were found under the earth floor. In 1832 several stone coffins and human bone were found under the pavement outside the west door of the church. In 1926 a parish hall was built on the northern part of the graveyard and outside the east window of the church a car park was created. The only visible part of the churchyard is the south-west corner. Few headstones remain. Several have been built into the car park retaining wall and paths. Two medieval floreated grave covers were found in around 1886 - they dated to c1250 and c1350. Bourne lists the inscriptions on the tombs, monuments and graves, including a description of a monument to Henry, Earl of Northumberland. The lane to the north side of the churchyard was called Ratunrau (1292), Ratounrawe (1335), Ratunrawe (1393) and Rattenrawe (1425) - means Rat's Row. A watching brief in 1994 during the insertion of a new drain along the wall of the south aisle and around St. Margaret's Chapel revealed cemetery soil with occasional fragments of bones and a 19th or 20th century charnel pit. No skeletons were found. The trench was only 1m wide and 1.5m deep so natural subsoil was not reached. In 2007 three archaeological trenches were excavated. Trench one was sited on an area of raised paving at the north-east corner of the cathedral. Natural subsoil was recorded at a depth of 1.4m. The layers of successive cemetery soils were interspersed with nine complete and partial inhumations. Two of these were likely to be medieval, the other eight post medieval. Trench two was sited within a paved courtyard between the cathedral hall and north transept. Natural boulder clay was recorded at a depth of 1.15m. Parts of two features (drainage) of probable Roman date were recorded cutting into the clay. Seven inhumations were recorded. Five were medieval and two post medieval. The graves were orientated ENE-WSW apart from the two earliest medieval graves which were east-west. The south-east portion of the trench contained the remains of a charnel feature of post medieval date. Trench three was sited beside St. Margaret's Chapel, towards the south-western corner of the cathedral. Natural subsoil was not reached. Two layers of cemetery soil were recorded and two partial inhumations of probable post medieval date. The churchyard was closed in 1854.
Evaluation in 2018 to inform proposals to re-landscape the southern and eastern periphery of the Cathedral Church. At the east end undisturbed burials survive at less than 700m bgl. In the south churchyard undisturbed burials were located at c.1m bgl. Dated C15th.
Site Name
Church of St. Nicholas, churchyard
Site Type: Specific
Churchyard
HER Number
6642
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
H. Bourne, 1736, The History of Newcastle upon Tyne, pp 62-73; P.F. Ryder, 1994, St. Nicholas' Cathedral, Newcastle upon Tyne - An Archaeological Watching Brief, November/December 1994; Pre-Construct Archaeology, March 2007, An Archaeological Evaluation at the Cathedral Church of St. Nicholas, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear; Rob Kirkup, 2009, Ghostly Tyne and Wear, pages 47-50; Alan Morgan, 2004, Beyond the Grave - Exploring Newcastle's Burial Grounds, pp 15-16; David Heslop, 2016, South Churchyard, Assessment; New Visions Heritage, 2018, St Nicholas Churchyard, Archaeological Evaluation
YEAR1
2005
YEAR2
2018
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
1424
DAY1
07
District
Newcastle
Easting
425470
EASTING2
2537
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
1
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
564320
NORTHING2
6410
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Newcastle
Description
Croswelgate (1240-50), Crossewelgate (1270-80). A demise survives from 1240 and 1260, regarding land at Crosswellgate being rented by fullers. Crosswellgate either became Pandon Bank (Brand appears to confirm this view, suggesting that the reservoir (and springs) at or near Conduit Head [The Cross Well?] at the top of Pandon Bank may have been the Carmelites' water supply. Bourne said that Crosswellgate was the second of the two streets as you head south from Fishergate - ie. Pandon on Wall Knoll. Households in Crosswellgate paid an annual rent to Lord Sacborough, into whose family the grand-daughter of Roger Thornton was married. Street documented as Croswelgate (1240-50) and Crossewelgate (1270-80). Croswelgate (1240-50), and Crossewelgate (1270-80).
Site Type: Broad
Road Transport Site
SITEDESC
A demise survives from 1240 and 1260, regarding land at Crosswellgate being rented by fullers. Crosswellgate either became Pandon Bank (Brand appears to confirm this view, suggesting that the reservoir (and springs) at or near Conduit Head [The Cross Well?] at the top of Pandon Bank may have been the Carmelites' water supply. Bourne said that Crosswellgate was the second of the two streets as you head south from Fishergate - i.e.. Pandon on Wall Knoll. Households in Crosswellgate paid an annual rent to Lord Sacborough, into whose family the grand-daughter of Roger Thornton was married. Street documented as Croswelgate (1240-50) and Crossewelgate (1270-80). Croswelgate (1240-50), and Crossewelgate (1270-80). Dated C13th.
Site Name
Crosswellgate (Pandon Bank?)
Site Type: Specific
Road
HER Number
6640
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
B. Harbottle and P. Clack, 1976, Newcastle Upon Tyne - Archaeology and Development in D.W. Harding (ed), 1976, Archaeology in the North
YEAR1
2005
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Transport
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
COMP2
Claire MacRae
DAY1
07
DAY2
01
District
Newcastle
Easting
425220
EASTING2
2529
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
1
MONTH2
10
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
563920
NORTHING2
6384
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Newcastle
Description
Brounchare (1425).
Site Type: Broad
Road Transport Site
SITEDESC
One of twenty narrow lanes or "chares" on the Quayside. Most of these chares were so narrow that two people could not walk abreast. Dark Chare was also recorded as Brown Chare or Brounchare (1425). Still visible between the backs of buildings behind the Tyne Bridge Tower. Dated C15th.
Site Name
Dark Chare
Site Type: Specific
Road
HER Number
6639
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
B. Harbottle and P. Clack, 1976, Newcastle Upon Tyne - Archaeology and Development in D.W. Harding (ed), 1976, Archaeology in the North