English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
1390, 6567
DAY1
30
District
Newcastle
Easting
425380
EASTING2
2552
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
12
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
564080
NORTHING2
6405
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Newcastle
Description
The medieval layout of Pandon is not clear but it is certain that one street ran south from the bridge end before dividing into two along the lower slopes and foot of the bank called Wallknoll - the lower street was called Fishergate (first referenced 1298-1300). Now called Pandon.
Site Type: Broad
Road Transport Site
SITEDESC
The medieval layout of Pandon is not clear but it is certain that one street ran south from the bridge end before dividing into two along the lower slopes and foot of the bank called Wallknoll - the lower street was called Fishergate (first referenced 1298-1300). Fyschergate (1342 and 1362), le Fishergate (1373), Fisschergate (1373), Fishergate (1425). Now called Pandon. Dated C13th.
Site Name
Pandon, Fishergate (Pandon)
Site Type: Specific
Road
HER Number
6568
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
H. Bourne, 1736, History of Newcastle, p 139-42; B. Harbottle and P. Clack, 1976, Newcastle upon Tyne: Archaeology and Development, in D.W. Harding (ed), 1976, Archaeology in the North.
YEAR1
2004
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
COMP2
Claire MacRae
Crossref
1390, 6568
DAY1
30
DAY2
19
District
Newcastle
Easting
425380
EASTING2
2550
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
12
MONTH2
10
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
564090
NORTHING2
6408
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Newcastle
Description
The medieval layout of Pandon is not clear but it is certain that one street ran south from the bridge end before dividing into two along the lower slopes and foot of Wallknoll - the upper one was just called Wallknoll on maps of the 18th century and 19th century, and has now disappeared. It was referred to in 1298-1300 as "the highway on le Wallknoll on the south side of the Carmelites". Bourne suggested that the name referred to Hadrian's Wall. At the upper end of Wall Knoll was the Carmelite Friary (HER 1425). On 12 August 1339 a flood broke down six perches of the town wall near Wallknoll.
Site Type: Broad
Road Transport Site
SITEDESC
The medieval layout of Pandon is not clear but it is certain that one street ran south from the bridge end before dividing into two along the lower slopes and foot of the bank called Wallknoll - the upper street was just called Wallknoll on maps of the 18th century and C19, and has now disappeared. It was referred to in 1298-1300 as "the highway on le Wallknoll on the south side of the Carmelites". Bourne suggested that the name referred to Hadrian's Wall. On 12 August 1339 a flood broke down six perches of the town wall near Wallknoll. Le Walknol (1298-1300), the "hogha" called le Walleknolle (1342), the Walknolle (1345), Walknoll (1425). At the upper end of Wall Knoll was the Carmelite Friary (HER 1425) established c.1260-1307. The abandoned Wall Knoll site was again used for monastic purposes in 1360 when house of Trinitarians or Maturines, called also Order of Holy Trinity for Redemption of Captives (1/3 of revenues went to pay ransoms of captured Crusaders). Hill site became known as St Michaels Mount until 1733. Some of the church was still standing in the early 18th century but gone by late 19th century. Dated C13th.
Site Name
Pandon, Wall Knoll
Site Type: Specific
Road
HER Number
6567
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
H. Bourne, 1736, History of Newcastle, p 139-42; B. Harbottle and P. Clack, 1976, Newcastle upon Tyne: Archaeology and Development, in D.W. Harding (ed), 1976, Archaeology in the North; W. Gray, 1649, Chorographia; R. Welford, 1909, Local Muniments, Archaeologia Aeliana, Series 5, (1909), p 60; S. Holmes, 1896, The Walls of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Archaeologia Aeliana, Series 2, Vol XVIII, pp 1-25, H. Maxwell (ed), 1913, Chronicle of Lanercost Priory, Ballantyne Club.
YEAR1
2004
YEAR2
2015
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
30
District
Newcastle
Easting
424580
EASTING2
2483
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MONTH1
12
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
564410
NORTHING2
6442
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Newcastle
Description
Between the medieval market street (Newgate Street) and Pilgrim Street ran Brother, Friarminor, Barefotfriar or Greyfriar Chare from 1251-59 onwards. Named after the Franciscan Friary (HER 1429) which stood on the western side of Pilgrim Street. Known as High Friar Chare or Street from 18th century to the time of its demolition. Matched by Low Friar Street on the other side of Newgate Street, linking Westgate with Newgate Street (named after the Blackfriars precinct). High Friar Street never achieved any prominence or prestige. Once the town walls had been built it was no longer the northernmost boundary of the town. It's real claim to fame is that it was the birthplace of Richard Grainger in 1797. Ironically it was Grainger who condemned High Frair Street to its status of "a dirty and ill-kept lane" by redeveloping the town and building Blackett Street. In the C19 High Friar Street was occupied by warehouses and workshops and a small number of houses. There were three public houses - Gardener's Arms, Friars Cell and the Crown and Sceptre.
Site Type: Broad
Road Transport Site
SITEDESC
Between the medieval market street (Newgate Street) and Pilgrim Street. Brether Chare (1251-59), then Freremenourchare, vennel (sewer?) of the Friars Manor (1268-9, 1295, 1317 and 1403), common vennel leading to the Friars Minor (1309), le Barefote Frerechare (1415), Grayfrerchare (1425), Greyfriar Chare (1465, 1481, 1494 and 1505) . Named after the Franciscan Friary (HER 1429) which stood on the western side of Pilgrim Street. Known as High Friar Chare or Street from 18th century to the time of its demolition. Matched by Low Friar Street on the other side of Newgate Street, linking Westgate with Newgate Street (named after the Blackfriars precinct). High Friar Street never achieved any prominence or prestige. Once the town walls had been built it was no longer the northernmost boundary of the town. It's real claim to fame is that it was the birthplace of Richard Grainger in 1797. Ironically it was Grainger who condemned High Frair Street to its status of "a dirty and ill-kept lane" by redeveloping the town and building Blackett Street. In the C19 High Friar Street was occupied by warehouses and workshops and a small number of houses. There were three public houses - Gardener's Arms, Friars Cell and the Crown and Sceptre. There was also a pant in the street. Dated C13th.
Site Name
High Friar Street
Site Type: Specific
Road
HER Number
6566
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
H. Bourne, 1736, History of Newcastle, p 47; B. Harbottle and P. Clack, 1976, Newcastle upon Tyne: Archaeology and Development, in D.W. Harding (ed), 1976, Archaeology in the North; W. Gray, 1649, Chorographia
YEAR1
2004
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Transport
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
1423
DAY1
30
District
Newcastle
Easting
425250
EASTING2
2535
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
12
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
563980
NORTHING2
6403
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Newcastle
Description
One of the minor medieval streets linking the three main routes through the town. Street around the south edge of All Saints churchyard. Bourne confuses the situation by also calling it Silver Street (the later name for All Saints Street).
Site Type: Broad
Road Transport Site
SITEDESC
One of the minor medieval streets linking the three main routes through the town. Street around the south edge of All Saints churchyard. Bourne confuses the situation by also calling it Silver Street (the later name for All Saints Street). Does "Hokergate" referred to in 1309 mean Dog Bank? Later called le Hokergat (1348-50), Hukergat (1356) and Hokyrgate (1447). Before the C19 this street was home to some of Newcastle's wealthy burgesses. The town's well-off folk had moved on by 1890, by which time the street had five licensed lodging houses, two clothes dealers, one innkeeper, one beer retailer, a grocer, glazier and a tinsmith. A steep narrow street. The corner of Dog Bank and Broad Chare was subject to a public clearance order in the 1930s to clear the old congested houses. Dated C13th.
Site Name
Dog Bank
Site Type: Specific
Road
HER Number
6565
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
H. Bourne, 1736, History of Newcastle, p 108; B. Harbottle and P. Clack, 1976, Newcastle upon Tyne: Archaeology and Development, in D.W. Harding (ed), 1976, Archaeology in the North; Jack and John Leslie, 2002, Bygone Quayside and the Chares; Malcolm L Scaife, 1974, Newcastle Old and New; Grace McCombie, 2009, Newcastle and Gateshead - Pevsner Architectural Guide, p 129
YEAR1
2004
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Transport
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
1423
DAY1
30
District
Newcastle
Easting
425190
EASTING2
2532
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
12
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
564010
NORTHING2
6408
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Newcastle
Description
One of the minor medieval streets linking the three main routes through the town. Bourne identifies the street running along the north side of All Saints churchyard, from Pilgrim Street to Pandon, as the medieval All Saints or All Hallows Street. Known as Silver Street in the 17th century. Other alternative names - Temple Gate (from 1220 to 1227 according to Bourne) and Jew Gate (in 14th century according to Bourne).
Site Type: Broad
Road Transport Site
SITEDESC
One of the minor medieval streets linking the three main routes through the town. Bourne identifies the street running along the north side of All Saints churchyard, from Pilgrim Street to Pandon, as the medieval All Saints or All Hallows Street. Known as vicus Omnium Sanctorum from 1275-6 and again in 1359, Alhalwgate in 1290-1 and Alhalougate in 1415. Other alternative names - Tempilgate (from 1220 to 1227) and Jew Gate (in C14 according to Bourne). Known as Silver Street in the C17 (Gray) due to the silver merchants who lived there. Newcastle historian Henry Bourne died of consumption in Silver Street on 16th February 1733. He had been the curate of All Hallows Church. An infamous character called "Jack the Beadle" lived in Silver Street in 1858. He stole the lead lining from the coffins in the churchyard at night. His flickering lantern was spotted by the residents of Silver Street and he was caught red-handed. Dated C13th.
Site Name
All Saints Street (All Hallows Gate Silver Street)
Site Type: Specific
Road
HER Number
6564
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
H. Bourne, 1736, History of Newcastle, p 108; B. Harbottle and P. Clack, 1976, Newcastle upon Tyne: Archaeology and Development, in D.W. Harding (ed), 1976, Archaeology in the North; W. Gray, 1649, Chorographia, p 71; J. Brand, 1789, History of Newcastle upon Tyne, Vol I, p 359; Jack and John Leslie, 2002, Bygone Quayside and the Chares
YEAR1
2004
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Transport
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
30
District
Newcastle
Easting
425343
Grid ref figure
10
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
12
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564060
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Newcastle
Description
One of the minor medieval streets linking the three main routes through the town. Cowgate ran into the Pandon Dene from Pilgrim Street. First referenced in 1272-3. The upper part was later Austin Chare and later still Manor Chare. Bourne records that Manor Chare led from Pilgrim Street to Austin Friar Chare and then to the head of Broad Chare. Ward's Almshouses (HER 1238) were situated in Cowgate at the end of Mr Water's Garden. Some of the land in Cowgate was owned by the Bretheren of St Austin, which had been given to them by William Ross, Baron of Werk. He goes on to say that many eminent men lived in Cowgate such as Gilbert de Cowgate and Walter de Cowgate - men of fortune and estate.
Site Type: Broad
Road Transport Site
SITEDESC
One of the minor medieval streets linking the three main routes through the town. Cowgate ran between Pilgrim Street and the Dog Bank/Broad Chare junction. First referenced as Cugate in 1272-3, vicus de Qugate (1288-90) and Cowgate in 1501. The upper part (Pilgrim Street to Stockbridge) was later Austin Chare (1495 and 1501) and later still, in C17, Manor Chare. Ward's Almshouses (HER 1238) were situated in Cowgate at the end of Mr Water's Garden. Some of the land in Cowgate was owned by the Brethren of St Austin, which had been given to them by William Ross, Baron of Werk. He goes on to say that many eminent men lived in Cowgate such as Gilbert de Cowgate and Walter de Cowgate - men of fortune and estate. Dated C13th.
Site Name
Cowgate (Austin Chare, Manor Chare)
Site Type: Specific
Road
HER Number
6563
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
B. Harbottle and P. Clack, 1976, Newcastle upon Tyne: Archaeology and Development, in D.W. Harding (ed), 1976, Archaeology in the North; H. Bourne, 1736, The History of Newcastle upon Tyne, p 135-143; A.M. Oliver, 1924, Early Newcastle Deeds, Surtees Society 137, No. 100; H. Bourne, 1736, History of Newcastle; W. Gray, 1649, Chorographia.
YEAR1
2004
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Transport
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
30
District
Newcastle
Easting
424920
EASTING2
2480
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MONTH1
12
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
564010
NORTHING2
6395
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Newcastle
Description
One of the minor medieval streets or "chares" linking the three main routes through the town. First reference is in 1425. This street linked St Nicholas Church (HER 1491) to Westgate (HER 3945).
Site Type: Broad
Road Transport Site
SITEDESC
One of the minor medieval streets or "chares" linking the three main routes through the town. First reference is in 1425. This street linked St Nicholas Church (HER 1491) to Westgate (HER 3945). Later Collingwood Street followed its course. Dated C15th.
Site Name
Denton Chare
Site Type: Specific
Road
HER Number
6562
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
B. Harbottle and P. Clack, 1976, Newcastle upon Tyne: Archaeology and Development, in D.W. Harding (ed), 1976, Archaeology in the North; J.C. Hodgson, 1917, "The Domus Dei" of Newcastle, otherwise St. Katherine's hospital on the Sandhill, Archaeologia Aeliana, Series 3, Vol XIV, (1917), pp 191-221.
YEAR1
2004
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Transport
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
1481
DAY1
30
District
Newcastle
Easting
424740
EASTING2
2473
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MONTH1
12
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
564030
NORTHING2
6396
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Newcastle
Description
One of the minor medieval streets or "chares" linking the three main routes through the town. The location of St John's Chare is not certain - it is possible that the name, in the Middle Ages, should apply only to the street along the east side of St John's churchyard (first reference 1423). Named St John's Lane on Hutton's map of 1770.
Site Type: Broad
Road Transport Site
SITEDESC
One of the minor medieval streets or "chares" linking the three main routes through the town. Bourne says that Rosemary Lane was formerly called St. John's Chare, because it led from Pudding Chare to St John's Church. Scein Joncheir (1423), Saynt Johnchar (1463). From Pudding Chare, the lane turned right down to Westgate. Thus it is the lanes marked as Rosemary Lane and St John's Lane on Hutton's map of 1770. There was some land belonging to the nuns of St Bartholomew in this lane, bordering on the common gutter (HER 6548) on the west and on chantery lands to the north. Houses were later built on this "waste". Dated C15th.
Site Name
St. Johns Chare (Rosemary Lane)
Site Type: Specific
Road
HER Number
6561
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
B. Harbottle and P. Clack, 1976, Newcastle upon Tyne: Archaeology and Development, in D.W. Harding (ed), 1976, Archaeology in the North; S. Joncheir, Archaeologia Aeliana, Series 2, Vol XXII (1899-1900), p 123.
YEAR1
2004
English, British
Class
Commercial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
29
District
Newcastle
Easting
425000
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
12
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563900
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Newcastle
Description
The ancient Iron Market was opposite St Nicholas Church, on a piece of land leading to The Side, between the house of Mr Clark and the shop of the late Mr John Kellot (smith).
Site Type: Broad
Market
SITEDESC
Irenmerketgat (1414), Irenmarket (1447), Iron Maerkett (1587). The ancient Iron Market was opposite St Nicholas Church (to the west of the church), on a piece of land leading to The Side, between the house of Mr Clark and the shop of the late Mr John Kellot (smith).
Site Name
Iron Market
Site Type: Specific
Market
HER Number
6560
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
H. Bourne, 1736, The History of Newcastle upon Tyne, p 53.
YEAR1
2004
English, British
Class
Commercial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
29
District
Newcastle
Easting
424590
EASTING2
2479
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MONTH1
12
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
564470
NORTHING2
6485
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Tudor 1485 to 1603
Place
Newcastle
Description
Extension of medieval market street (Newgate Street/Bigg Market) which joined the extension of Pilgrim Street (Northumberland Street), crossing the Pandon Burn at Barras Bridge. First named Sinedgate (13th century-14th century), corrupted to Sidgate up until 18th century. Named Percy Street in 18th century. Described as a causeway by Gray in the 17th century. Most medieval property transactions here only refer to fields. Speed's representation of 1610 shows solid rows of houses on both sides of Percy Street and Northumberland Street as far north as Barras Bridge - a pre-Civil War expansion of the suburb perhaps in 16th century, gone by the 18th century. May have been Civil War destruction of houses? [Terry, 1899, reported that during the Civil War the defenders of the town set on fire all the streets and houses outside the town walls on the north side of the town. Only isolated buildings survive on the east side of the street on post-Civil War plans]. Ribbon development in 18th century and by 1770 had reached Barras Bridge. Henry Bourne, writing in 1736, described Sidgate thus: "The other Parts of the Suburbs out of Newgate is a Street that reaches as far as the Barras-bridge, called Sidgate, which consists of Houses very indifferent, most of which are inhabited by pooe People; but very sweetly situated, having the Leases or Gardens behind them". The large space at the northern end of Sidgate was the Haymarket. The eastern edge of Haymarket was formed by a line of houses fronting onto Northumberland Street. Harbottle asks if they were a later development into or encroaching onto a huge triangular open space south of Barras Bridge? [There were wide open spaces on suburban approach roads in Northampton, Oxford and York, used as livestock markets or for the temporary parking of carts awaiting entry into the walled town]. In 1807 the Council drained and paved this area and named it The Parade. In 1824 they established a Tuesday market here for the sale of hay and straw. In 1828 a weighing machine was provided. Agricultural workers could be hired from the market in May and November. The space was also used for open air meetings, hoppings and circuses. By this time the east side of Percy Street was fully developed. Prudhoe Street was laid out in 1822 across the bowling green. By 1830 there were buildings right across the street frontage between Prudhoe Street and Prudhoe Place. Documented as "substantial and convenient, and some repuitable citizens occupied them". Deteriorated by late 19th century. Building on east side of Haymarket in second half of 19th century.
Site Type: Broad
Market
SITEDESC
Extension of medieval market street (Newgate Street/Bigg Market) which joined the extension of Pilgrim Street (Northumberland Street), crossing the Pandon Burn at Barras Bridge. First named Sinedgate (1250-58), Synedegate (1292-4), Senedgate (1334), Cinidgate (1334), Cynydgate (1334), Oyenedgate (1342 or mistranscription?), Sydegate (1366, Sidegate (1382 corrupted to Sidgate from 1393 up until 18th century. Sidgate apparently means a soakaway or drain (Gray, 1649, says the street was a causeway). Named Percy Street from 18th century. Most medieval property transactions here only refer to fields. Speed's representation of 1610 shows solid rows of houses on both sides of Percy Street and Northumberland Street as far north as Barras Bridge - a pre-Civil War expansion of the suburb perhaps in C16, gone by the 18th century. May have been Civil War destruction of houses? [Terry, 1899, reported that during the Civil War the defenders of the town set on fire all the streets and houses outside the town walls on the north side of the town. Only isolated buildings survive on the east side of the street on post-Civil War plans]. Bourne describes Sidgate as consisting of "houses very indifferent, most of which are inhabited by poor people; but very sweetly situated, having the Leases or gardens behind them. Ribbon development in 18th century and by 1770 had reached Barras Bridge. Henry Bourne, writing in 1736, described Sidgate thus: "The other Parts of the Suburbs out of Newgate is a Street that reaches as far as the Barras-bridge, called Sidgate, which consists of Houses very indifferent, most of which are inhabited by pooe People; but very sweetly situated, having the Leases or Gardens behind them". In 1888 Dr Bruce reported to the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne that he lived in Sidgate as a child - there was a plantation between his house and the "circus". Opposite this was a rural-style cottage, and where Prudhoe Street now is, a bowling green. The large space at the northern end of Sidgate was the Haymarket. The eastern edge of Haymarket was formed by a line of houses fronting onto Northumberland Street. Harbottle asks if they were a later development into or encroaching onto a huge triangular open space south of Barras Bridge? [There were wide open spaces on suburban approach roads in Northampton, Oxford and York, used as livestock markets or for the temporary parking of carts awaiting entry into the walled town]. In 1807 the Council drained and paved this area and named it The Parade. In 1824 they established a Tuesday market here for the sale of hay and straw. In 1828 a weighing machine was provided. Agricultural workers could be hired from the market in May and November. The space was also used for open air meetings, hoppings and circuses. By this time the east side of Percy Street was fully developed. Prudhoe Street was laid out in 1822 across the bowling green. By 1830 there were buildings right across the street frontage between Prudhoe Street and Prudhoe Place. Documented as "substantial and convenient, and some repuitable citizens occupied them". Deteriorated by late C19. Building on east side of Haymarket in second half of C19. Photos survive of a row of little shops on Percy Street and the corner of Leazes Park Road. Sandstone rubble walls, tiled roofs, two storeys with dormer windows in the attic space. They included The Olde Apple Shoppe, a costume shop, Henderson's and E. Freedman's. They were demolished in the mid 1960s.
Site Name
Haymarket and Sidgate (Percy Street)
Site Type: Specific
Market
HER Number
6558
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
B. Harbottle, 1990, The Haymarket and Percy Street, unpublished Archaeological Assessment; Speed's map of 1611; Astley, 1638; Beckman, 1683; Thompson, 1746; Hutton 1770; Oliver 1830; H. Bourne, 1736, The History of Newcastle upon Tyne; Malcolm L Scaife, Newcastle Old and New; Grace McCombie, 2009, Newcastle and Gateshead - Pevsner Architectural Guide, p. 198; Newcastle upon Tyne City Libraries & Arts, 1984, Gone…But not Forgotten 7 - Shops and Shopping, 18 (photo of shops)
YEAR1
2004