A very spread heap of spoil with a well defined hollow in its centre, measures 4.5 metres in diameter and is 0.5 metres deep. The use of pillar-and-stall mining (cutting horizontal headings out of the bottom of the shaft, leaving pillars of coal to support the roof) meant shafts could be spaced wider apart. The best example of a widely spaced grid pattern of shafts on the Town Moor is on Nuns Moor, where four shaft heads form a square pattern. These shaft heads have larger spoil heaps than the Bell Pits, indicating deeper shafts and a later mining episode. A diagnostic feature of the landscape indicating pillar-and-stall mining is the subsidence of the surrounding ground surface, due to the caving in of the galleries especially after the removal of the roof supports. Such areas of mining subsidence effect large areas of the Moor.
SITEASS
As some of the deeper hollows on this part of the Moor have been filled in in recent times by the farmer, these two remaining examples (HER 5919 and 5920) may be the last vestiges of more grid patterned shaft mining.
Site Type: Broad
Mining Industry Site
SITEDESC
A very spread heap of spoil with a well defined hollow in its centre, measures 4.5m in diameter and is 0.5m deep. The use of pillar-and-stall mining (cutting horizontal headings out of the bottom of the shaft, leaving pillars of coal to support the roof) meant shafts could be spaced wider apart. The best example of a widely spaced grid pattern of shafts on the Town Moor is on Nuns Moor, where four shaft heads form a square pattern. These shaft heads have larger spoil heaps than the Bell Pits, indicating deeper shafts and a later mining episode. A diagnostic feature of the landscape indicating pillar-and-stall mining is the subsidence of the surrounding ground surface, due to the caving in of the galleries especially after the removal of the roof supports. Such areas of mining subsidence affect large areas of the Moor.
Site Name
Nuns Moor, pillar-and-stall mine shaft
Site Type: Specific
Mine Shaft
HER Number
5920
Form of Evidence
Earthwork
Sources
<< HER 5920 >> RCHME, 1995, Town Moor, Newcastle upon Tyne, Archaeological Survey Report, p 28
YEAR1
2004
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
1537
DAY1
01
DAY2
29
District
Newcastle
Easting
422940
Grid ref figure
8
LANDUSE
Grassland
Map Sheet
NZ26NW
MONTH1
6
MONTH2
12
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 26 NW 22
Northing
566060
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Post Medieval 1540 to 1901
Place
Newcastle
Description
An amorphous raised mound measuring 30 metres by 22 metres with a central depression which is 10 metres in diameter and 1 metres deep. There are traces of coal in surrounding rabbit scrapes. The use of pillar-and-stall mining (cutting horizontal headings out of the bottom of the shaft, leaving pillars of coal to support the roof) meant shafts could be spaced wider apart. The best example of a widely spaced grid pattern of shafts on the Town Moor is on Nuns Moor, where four shaft heads form a square pattern. These shaft heads have larger spoil heaps than the Bell Pits, indicating deeper shafts and a later mining episode. A diagnostic feature of the landscape indicating pillar-and-stall mining is the subsidence of the surrounding ground surface, due to the caving in of the galleries especially after the removal of the roof supports. Such areas of mining subsidence effect large areas of the Moor.
SITEASS
As some of the deeper hollows on this part of the Moor have been filled in in recent times by the farmer, these two remaining examples (HER 5919 and 5920) may be the last vestiges of more grid patterned shaft mining.
Site Type: Broad
Mining Industry Site
SITEDESC
An amorphous raised mound measuring 30m by 22m with a central depression which is 10m in diameter and 1m deep. There are traces of coal in surrounding rabbit scrapes. The use of pillar-and-stall mining (cutting horizontal headings out of the bottom of the shaft, leaving pillars of coal to support the roof) meant shafts could be spaced wider apart. The best example of a widely spaced grid pattern of shafts on the Town Moor is on Nuns Moor, where four shaft heads form a square pattern. These shaft heads have larger spoil heaps than the Bell Pits, indicating deeper shafts and a later mining episode. A diagnostic feature of the landscape indicating pillar-and-stall mining is the subsidence of the surrounding ground surface, due to the caving in of the galleries especially after the removal of the roof supports. Such areas of mining subsidence affect large areas of the Moor.
Site Name
Nuns Moor, pillar-and-stall mine shaft
Site Type: Specific
Mine Shaft
HER Number
5919
Form of Evidence
Earthwork
Sources
<< HER 5919 >> RCHME, 1995, Town Moor, Newcastle upon Tyne, Archaeological Survey Report, p 28; English Heritage, 2008, Hadrian's Wall National Mapping Programme, 1029527; Aerial Photograph NMR, RAF CPE/UK/2352 1138 04-OCT-1947
YEAR1
2004
YEAR2
2008
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
1537
DAY1
01
District
Newcastle
Easting
422990
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NW
MONTH1
6
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
566270
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Post Medieval 1540 to 1901
Place
Newcastle
Description
A much flattened ring-bank obvious on the aerial photograph transcription but much disturbed on the ground, possibly filled in by green keeper. The use of pillar-and-stall mining (cutting horizontal headings out of the bottom of the shaft, leaving pillars of coal to support the roof) meant shafts could be spaced wider apart. The best example of a widely spaced grid pattern of shafts on the Town Moor is on Nuns Moor, where four shaft heads form a square pattern. These shaft heads have larger spoil heaps than the Bell Pits, indicating deeper shafts and a later mining episode. A diagnostic feature of the landscape indicating pillar-and-stall mining is the subsidence of the surrounding ground surface, due to the caving in of the galleries especially after the removal of the roof supports. Such areas of mining subsidence effect large areas of the Moor.
Site Type: Broad
Mining Industry Site
SITEDESC
A much flattened ring-bank obvious on the aerial photograph transcription but much disturbed on the ground, possibly filled in by green keeper. The use of pillar-and-stall mining (cutting horizontal headings out of the bottom of the shaft, leaving pillars of coal to support the roof) meant shafts could be spaced wider apart. The best example of a widely spaced grid pattern of shafts on the Town Moor is on Nuns Moor, where four shaft heads form a square pattern. These shaft heads have larger spoil heaps than the Bell Pits, indicating deeper shafts and a later mining episode. A diagnostic feature of the landscape indicating pillar-and-stall mining is the subsidence of the surrounding ground surface, due to the caving in of the galleries especially after the removal of the roof supports. Such areas of mining subsidence affect large areas of the Moor.
Site Name
Nuns Moor, pillar-and-stall mine shaft
Site Type: Specific
Mine Shaft
HER Number
5918
Form of Evidence
Earthwork
Sources
<< HER 5918 >> RCHME, 1995, Town Moor, Newcastle upon Tyne, Archaeological Survey Report, p 28
YEAR1
2004
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
1537
DAY1
01
District
Newcastle
Easting
423120
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NW
MONTH1
6
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
566270
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Post Medieval 1540 to 1901
Place
Newcastle
Description
A ring-bank 24 metres in diameter with the bank measuring 6.4 metres wide and up to 0.8 metres high; the central hollow is 9.6 metres in diameter and 1.7 metres deep. The use of pillar-and-stall mining (cutting horizontal headings out of the bottom of the shaft, leaving pillars of coal to support the roof) meant shafts could be spaced wider apart. The best example of a widely spaced grid pattern of shafts on the Town Moor is on Nuns Moor, where four shaft heads form a square pattern. These shaft heads have larger spoil heaps than the Bell Pits, indicating deeper shafts and a later mining episode. A diagnostic feature of the landscape indicating pillar-and-stall mining is the subsidence of the surrounding ground surface, due to the caving in of the galleries especially after the removal of the roof supports. Such areas of mining subsidence effect large areas of the Moor.
Site Type: Broad
Mining Industry Site
SITEDESC
A ring-bank 24m in diameter with the bank measuring 6.4m wide and up to 0.8m high; the central hollow is 9.6m in diameter and 1.7m deep. The use of pillar-and-stall mining (cutting horizontal headings out of the bottom of the shaft, leaving pillars of coal to support the roof) meant shafts could be spaced wider apart. The best example of a widely spaced grid pattern of shafts on the Town Moor is on Nuns Moor, where four shaft heads form a square pattern. These shaft heads have larger spoil heaps than the Bell Pits, indicating deeper shafts and a later mining episode. A diagnostic feature of the landscape indicating pillar-and-stall mining is the subsidence of the surrounding ground surface, due to the caving in of the galleries especially after the removal of the roof supports. Such areas of mining subsidence affect large areas of the Moor.
Site Name
Nuns Moor, pillar-and-stall mine shaft
Site Type: Specific
Mine Shaft
HER Number
5917
Form of Evidence
Earthwork
Sources
<< HER 5917 >> RCHME, 1995, Town Moor, Newcastle upon Tyne, Archaeological Survey Report, p 27
YEAR1
2004
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
1537
DAY1
01
District
Newcastle
Easting
423170
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NW
MONTH1
6
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
566330
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Post Medieval 1540 to 1901
Place
Newcastle
Description
A ring-bank 19 metres in diameter dug into a slight slope, giving rise to an apron scarp measuring up to 1 metres high. The use of pillar-and-stall mining (cutting horizontal headings out of the bottom of the shaft, leaving pillars of coal to support the roof) meant shafts could be spaced wider apart. The best example of a widely spaced grid pattern of shafts on the Town Moor is on Nuns Moor, where four shaft heads form a square pattern. These shaft heads have larger spoil heaps than the Bell Pits, indicating deeper shafts and a later mining episode. A diagnostic feature of the landscape indicating pillar-and-stall mining is the subsidence of the surrounding ground surface, due to the caving in of the galleries especially after the removal of the roof supports. Such areas of mining subsidence effect large areas of the Moor.
Site Type: Broad
Mining Industry Site
SITEDESC
A ring-bank 19m in diameter dug into a slight slope, giving rise to an apron scarp measuring up to 1m high. The use of pillar-and-stall mining (cutting horizontal headings out of the bottom of the shaft, leaving pillars of coal to support the roof) meant shafts could be spaced wider apart. The best example of a widely spaced grid pattern of shafts on the Town Moor is on Nuns Moor, where four shaft heads form a square pattern. These shaft heads have larger spoil heaps than the Bell Pits, indicating deeper shafts and a later mining episode. A diagnostic feature of the landscape indicating pillar-and-stall mining is the subsidence of the surrounding ground surface, due to the caving in of the galleries especially after the removal of the roof supports. Such areas of mining subsidence affect large areas of the Moor.
Site Name
Nuns Moor, pillar-and-stall mine shaft
Site Type: Specific
Mine Shaft
HER Number
5916
Form of Evidence
Earthwork
Sources
<< HER 5916 >> RCHME, 1995, Town Moor, Newcastle upon Tyne, Archaeological Survey Report, p 27
YEAR1
2004
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
1537
DAY1
01
District
Newcastle
Easting
423250
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NW
MONTH1
6
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
566230
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Post Medieval 1540 to 1901
Place
Newcastle
Description
A large well formed ring-bank 23 metres in diameter and measuring 9.5 metres wide and up to 1 metres high; the central hollow is 11.2 metres in diameter and 0.6 metres deep. The use of pillar-and-stall mining (cutting horizontal headings out of the bottom of the shaft, leaving pillars of coal to support the roof) meant shafts could be spaced wider apart. The best example of a widely spaced grid pattern of shafts on the Town Moor is on Nuns Moor, where four shaft heads form a square pattern. These shaft heads have larger spoil heaps than the Bell Pits, indicating deeper shafts and a later mining episode. A diagnostic feature of the landscape indicating pillar-and-stall mining is the subsidence of the surrounding ground surface, due to the caving in of the galleries especially after the removal of the roof supports. Such areas of mining subsidence effect large areas of the Moor.
Site Type: Broad
Mining Industry Site
SITEDESC
A large well formed ring-bank 23m in diameter and measuring 9.5m wide and up to 1m high; the central hollow is 11.2m in diameter and 0.6m deep. The use of pillar-and-stall mining (cutting horizontal headings out of the bottom of the shaft, leaving pillars of coal to support the roof) meant shafts could be spaced wider apart. The best example of a widely spaced grid pattern of shafts on the Town Moor is on Nuns Moor, where four shaft heads form a square pattern. These shaft heads have larger spoil heaps than the Bell Pits, indicating deeper shafts and a later mining episode. A diagnostic feature of the landscape indicating pillar-and-stall mining is the subsidence of the surrounding ground surface, due to the caving in of the galleries especially after the removal of the roof supports. Such areas of mining subsidence affect large areas of the Moor.
Site Name
Nuns Moor, pillar-and-stall mine shaft
Site Type: Specific
Mine Shaft
HER Number
5915
Form of Evidence
Earthwork
Sources
<< HER 5915 >> RCHME, 1995, Town Moor, Newcastle upon Tyne, Archaeological Survey Report, p 27
YEAR1
2004
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
1537
DAY1
01
District
Newcastle
Easting
423190
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NW
MONTH1
6
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
566190
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Post Medieval 1540 to 1901
Place
Newcastle
Description
A much flattened ring-bank measuring 22 metres in diameter surrounds a central hollow. The feature is on the boundary of the motorway corridor and has been damaged by subsequent landscaping. However, its form and position support its interpretation as a mining feature. The use of pillar-and-stall mining (cutting horizontal headings out of the bottom of the shaft, leaving pillars of coal to support the roof) meant shafts could be spaced wider apart. The best example of a widely spaced grid pattern of shafts on the Town Moor is on Nuns Moor, where four shaft heads form a square pattern. These shaft heads have larger spoil heaps than the Bell Pits, indicating deeper shafts and a later mining episode. A diagnostic feature of the landscape indicating pillar-and-stall mining is the subsidence of the surrounding ground surface, due to the caving in of the galleries especially after the removal of the roof supports. Such areas of mining subsidence effect large areas of the Moor.
Site Type: Broad
Mining Industry Site
SITEDESC
A much flattened ring-bank measuring 22m in diameter surrounds a central hollow. The feature is on the boundary of the motorway corridor and has been damaged by subsequent landscaping. However, its form and position support its interpretation as a mining feature. The use of pillar-and-stall mining (cutting horizontal headings out of the bottom of the shaft, leaving pillars of coal to support the roof) meant shafts could be spaced wider apart. The best example of a widely spaced grid pattern of shafts on the Town Moor is on Nuns Moor, where four shaft heads form a square pattern. These shaft heads have larger spoil heaps than the Bell Pits, indicating deeper shafts and a later mining episode. A diagnostic feature of the landscape indicating pillar-and-stall mining is the subsidence of the surrounding ground surface, due to the caving in of the galleries especially after the removal of the roof supports. Such areas of mining subsidence affect large areas of the Moor.
Site Name
Nuns Moor, pillar-and-stall mine shaft
Site Type: Specific
Mine Shaft
HER Number
5914
Form of Evidence
Earthwork
Sources
<< HER 5914 >> RCHME, 1995, Town Moor, Newcastle upon Tyne, Archaeological Survey Report, p 27
YEAR1
2004
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
1536
DAY1
01
District
Newcastle
Easting
424590
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NW
MONTH1
6
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
567230
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Post Medieval 1540 to 1901
Place
Newcastle
Description
A ring-bank measuring 17.1 metres in diameter and 1 metres high surrounds a central hollow. The feature is damaged on the south side by what appears to be the ridge-and-furrow overlying it. This may be due to later drainage down the centre of the furrows rather than the ridge-and-furrow post-dating the feature.
Site Type: Broad
Mineral Pit
SITEDESC
A ring-bank measuring 17.1m in diameter and 1m high surrounds a central hollow. The feature is damaged on the south side by what appears to be the ridge-and-furrow overlying it. This may be due to later drainage down the centre of the furrows rather than the ridge-and-furrow post-dating the feature.
Site Name
Little Moor, bell pit
Site Type: Specific
Bell Pit
HER Number
5913
Form of Evidence
Earthwork
Sources
<< HER 5913 >> RCHME, 1995, Town Moor, Newcastle upon Tyne, Archaeological Survey Report, p 27
YEAR1
2004
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
1536
DAY1
01
District
Newcastle
Easting
424500
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NW
MONTH1
6
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
567190
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Post Medieval 1540 to 1901
Place
Newcastle
Description
At the extreme northern end of Duke's Moor is a circular ring-bank 17.9 metres in diameter surrounding a central hollow measuring 7.8 metres in diameter, the surrounding bank reaches a height of 0.6 metres.
Site Type: Broad
Mineral Extraction Site
SITEDESC
At the extreme northern end of Duke's Moor is a circular ring-bank 17.9m in diameter surrounding a central hollow measuring 7.8m in diameter, the surrounding bank reaches a height of 0.6m.
Site Name
Dukes Moor, bell pit
Site Type: Specific
Bell Pit
HER Number
5912
Form of Evidence
Earthwork
Sources
<< HER 5912 >> RCHME, 1995, Town Moor, Newcastle upon Tyne, Archaeological Survey Report, p 26
YEAR1
2004
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
1536
DAY1
01
District
Newcastle
Easting
423910
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NW
MONTH1
6
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
566190
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Post Medieval 1540 to 1901
Place
Newcastle
Description
A large ring-bank of spoil standing up to 0.9 metres high surrounds a hollow, measuring 5 metres by 3 metres across. Again the ridge-and-furrow seems to overlie the feature.
Site Type: Broad
Mineral Pit
SITEDESC
A large ring-bank of spoil standing up to 0.9m high surrounds a hollow, measuring 5m by 3m across. Again the ridge-and-furrow seems to overlie the feature.
Site Name
Town Moor, bell pit
Site Type: Specific
Bell Pit
HER Number
5911
Form of Evidence
Earthwork
Sources
<< HER 5911 >> RCHME, 1995, Town Moor, Newcastle upon Tyne, Archaeological Survey Report, p 26