A group of buildings is shown on Fryer's map of 1772-3. This was one of the breweries incorporated by Act of Parliament under the title 'The Company of Proprietors of North Shields waterworks' in order to ensure a good supply of water for the breweries, which was carried from reservoirs at Percy Main and Whitley in wooden pipes. This brewery was owned by John Walker and in 1797 was let to Henry Coward of New Whitley. Coward was also let an area of ground called the 'Salt Marsh' on the east side of the Pow Burn, bounded by what is now Union Street/Tanners Bank. By 1857 the brewery was known as the Low Lights Brewery. The land still belonged to the Walker family. Evans plan of 1803 shows a long north-south range of buildings labelled 'Mr Walker's Brewhouse'. Carr Ormeston and Carr were described in 1876-7 (Christie) as brewers at Brewery Bank and maltsters at Low Lights. The Old Maltings (HER 4549) was part of their complex. The Low Lights Brewery of Carr Brothers was amalgamated with Newcastle Breweries when it became a limited company in 1890.
Site Type: Broad
Food and Drink Industry Site
SITEDESC
A group of buildings is shown on Fryer's map of 1772-3. This was one of the breweries incorporated by Act of Parliament under the title 'The Company of Proprietors of North Shields waterworks' in order to ensure a good supply of water for the breweries, which was carried from reservoirs at Percy Main and Whitley in wooden pipes. This brewery was owned by John Walker and in 1797 was let to Henry Coward of New Whitley. Coward was also let an area of ground called the 'Salt Marsh' on the east side of the Pow Burn, bounded by what is now Union Street/Tanners Bank. By 1857 the brewery was known as the Low Lights Brewery. The land still belonged to the Walker family. Evans plan of 1803 shows a long north-south range of buildings labelled 'Mr Walker's Brewhouse'. Carr Ormeston and Carr were described in 1876-7 (Christie) as brewers at Brewery Bank and maltsters at Low Lights. The Old Maltings (HER 4549) was part of their complex. The Low Lights Brewery of Carr Brothers was amalgamated with Newcastle Breweries when it became a limited company in 1890.
Site Name
Low Lights Brewery
Site Type: Specific
Brewery
HER Number
5485
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 5485 >> L. Richardson & A. Turton, (eds) The Brewing Industry - A Guide to Historical Records
Northern Counties Archaeological Services, 2003, Fish Park, North Shields, Archaeological Assessment
1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1857
Christie, 1877, Directory
Tyne and Wear Archive Service, 1892, CB/Ty/1536
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
2003
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
24
District
Newcastle
Easting
426200
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MATERIAL
Timber
MONTH1
12
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564200
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Stuart 1603 to 1714
Place
Ouseburn
Description
The windmill was built following the granting of a lease to Edward Greene at a Common Council meeting on 1 June 1649 of "a parcel of ground lying about the old fort (HER 5482) within Conney Close, with grass for a horse in and upon the west ballast hills, with liberty to build a windmill to grind corn… and to build a little house near to the windmill for a miller to dwell in, for the term of 21 years". Greene renewed his lease in 1659. In 1699 when Anne Reay petitioned for the lease of the ground, the mill was said to be in need of repair. By the early 18th century the land was in the hands of the Shaftoe family and in 1733 passed to Sarah Ord, wife of Rev. Thomas Ord of Kirknewton, and daughter of Rev. Leonard Shaftoe, vicar of Gateshead; and then to George Atkinson, miller of Pandon. Atkinson passed the land to Thomas Finley in 1747, who passed it to Robert Radcliff in 1757. The Radcliff family leased the mill until the turn of the 19th century when Robert died and his son James assigned it to Thomas Wood. Wood must have died shortly afterwards, because in 1808 his daughter Sarah passed the lease onto John Carr, millwright of Barras Bridge. In 1815 the mill was assigned to Mary Carr of Plessey. In 1819 Henry Carr was awarded £50 compensation for the injurious effects of a building being erected near the mill. This may have presaged the closure of the windmill. In December 1815 Ralph Rewcastle was leased a piece of land at the east end of Ouseburn Bridge for a steam mill for grinding corn. This must have severely affected the work of the Coney Close windmill. The windmill is not shown on maps of 1844, suggesting that by this time it had disappeared. The mill was a timber-framed post mill, which would have rapidly decayed after its closure. The ballast hill on which it stood retained the name Miller's Hill. A road was built through the hill in 1878. The demolition of the ballast hill retaining wall and the rest of the hill in 1990 will have removed all trace of the mill.
Site Type: Broad
Power Generation Site
SITEDESC
The windmill was built following the granting of a lease to Edward Greene at a Common Council meeting on 1 June 1649 of "a parcel of ground lying about the old fort (HER 5482) within Conney Close, with grass for a horse in and upon the west ballast hills, with liberty to build a windmill to grind corn… and to build a little house near to the windmill for a miller to dwell in, for the term of 21 years". Greene renewed his lease in 1659. In 1699 when Anne Reay petitioned for the lease of the ground, the mill was said to be in need of repair. By the early 18th century the land was in the hands of the Shaftoe family and in 1733 passed to Sarah Ord, wife of Rev. Thomas Ord of Kirknewton, and daughter of Rev. Leonard Shaftoe, vicar of Gateshead; and then to George Atkinson, miller of Pandon. Atkinson passed the land to Thomas Finley in 1747, who passed it to Robert Radcliff in 1757. The Radcliff family leased the mill until the turn of the 19th century when Robert died and his son James assigned it to Thomas Wood. Wood must have died shortly afterwards, because in 1808 his daughter Sarah passed the lease onto John Carr, millwright of Barras Bridge. In 1815 the mill was assigned to Mary Carr of Plessey. In 1819 Henry Carr was awarded £50 compensation for the injurious effects of a building being erected near the mill. This may have presaged the closure of the windmill. In December 1815 Ralph Rewcastle was leased a piece of land at the east end of Ouseburn Bridge for a steam mill for grinding corn. This must have severely affected the work of the Coney Close windmill. The windmill is not shown on maps of 1844, suggesting that by this time it had disappeared. The mill was a timber-framed post mill, which would have rapidly decayed after its closure. The ballast hill on which it stood retained the name Miller's Hill. A road was built through the hill in 1878. The demolition of the ballast hill retaining wall and the rest of the hill in 1990 will have removed all trace of the mill.
Site Name
Coney Close Windmill
Site Type: Specific
Windmill
HER Number
5484
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 5484 >> I. Ayris, 1995, Horatio Street and the Ropery Banks, Newcastle upon Tyne, Archaeological Assessment
Tyne and Wear Archive Service, 1649, Common Council Minutes, 1 June 1649
R. Welford, Local Muniments, Archaeologia Aeliana, Series 3, Vol V, p 87
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
2003
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Defence
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
24
District
Newcastle
Easting
426400
Grid ref figure
6
HISTORY_TOPIC
Civil War
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MONTH1
12
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564100
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Stuart 1603 to 1714
Place
Ouseburn
Description
The area to the north of Coney Close (a route from the west to the Ouseburn established by the mid 17th century, the name is possibly associated with structures at the nearby glasshouses) was known in 1649 as "the old fort". Common Council minutes of 8 January 1649 refer to a petition of William Rosborough, shipwright, desiring that rubbish cast onto his quay from the fort, be taken away. Minutes of 1 June 1649 refer to a lease of a parcel of ground next to the old fort within the Conney Close to Edward Greene, shipwright, for the construction of a windmill (HER 5484). In later leases the site of the windmill is generally termed "the old Forth". Charleton refers to the former existence of a Civil War period fortification at the mouth of the Ouseburn, on the eastern side of the inlet, next to Glasshouse Bridge: "there is an old stone quay on our right… called the Battery Quay. Here during the seige of Newcastle, the Earl of Callendar erected a battery to defend the bridge of boats he had constructed across the Tyne from the South Shore to the Glasshouses". This evidence suggests that there were Civil War period forts on either side of Glasshouse Bridge.
Site Type: Broad
Fort
SITEDESC
The area to the north of Coney Close (a route from the west to the Ouseburn established by the mid C17, the name is possibly associated with structures at the nearby glasshouses) was known in 1649 as "the old fort". Common Council minutes of 8 January 1649 refer to a petition of William Rosborough, shipwright, desiring that rubbish cast onto his quay from the fort, be taken away. Minutes of 1 June 1649 refer to a lease of a parcel of ground next to the old fort within the Conney Close to Edward Greene, shipwright, for the construction of a windmill (HER 5484). In later leases the site of the windmill is generally termed "the old Forth". Charleton refers to the former existence of a Civil War period fortification at the mouth of the Ouseburn, on the eastern side of the inlet, next to Glasshouse Bridge: "there is an old stone quay on our right… called the Battery Quay. Here during the seige of Newcastle, the Earl of Callendar erected a battery to defend the bridge of boats he had constructed across the Tyne from the South Shore to the Glasshouses". This evidence suggests that there were Civil War period forts on either side of Glasshouse Bridge.
Site Name
Coney Close, Civil War Forts
Site Type: Specific
Fort
HER Number
5483
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 5483 >> I. Ayris, 1995, Horatio Street and the Ropery Banks, Newcastle upon Tyne, Archaeological Assessment
Tyne and Wear Archive Service, 1649, Common Council Minutes
R.J. Charleton, 1885, A History of Newcastle on Tyne, p 335
Tyne and Wear Museums, 2003, Quay Timber Site, Hume Street, Newcastle Archaeological Assessment, p 13
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
2003
English, British
Class
Agriculture and Subsistence
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Poor
Crossref
953
DAY1
24
District
S Tyneside
Easting
435470
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36SE
MATERIAL
Brick
MONTH1
12
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 36 SE 9
Northing
562640
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Newton Garths
Description
There was a 'Garths Farm' in this area in 1714 but this was not on the same site as the present Newton Garths Farm. The present farm buildings probably date to the late eighteenth or early nineteenth century, but an earlier date cannot be ruled out. The farm is shown but unnamed on the 1840 tithe map. Confusingly, the farm to the north-west of this was called 'Newton Garths' at that time and was in the ownership of Cuthbert Ellison Esquire. By 1855 this farm was ruinous and the name was adopted by its neighbour. The buildings which now form 'Newton Garths Farm' were certainly in existence by 1855, as they are shown on 1st edition Ordnance Survey map in the same basic form which survives today. Three ranges of buildings surround a courtyard, open to the south, with a gin house on the eastern range. The Ordnance Survey second edition shows that the east and west ranges had changed little, but the north and south ranges had been extensively rebuilt and building three was added. Side walls had been added to the horse gin by 1912. The farm buildings were recorded in 2003 in advance of conversion. The floor of building 2 may be original as it shares some characteristics with the late 18th century floors of the stable block at Gibside. The gin house survives but its once open sides are now blocked up with modern bricks. Building 1 probably housed the mechanical apparatus which was driven by the horse gin. Building 2 was probably stables. The roofline of building 2 was raised in the mid 19th century. Building 3 was built in the late 19th century. Building one is of yellow sandstone. It retains narrow ventilation slots and a stable door. Building 2 is built of whitewashed hand-made brick with sandstone gable springers. There is a blocked doorway in the east elevation, and a window in the north. The two stable doors are still in use. Building 3 is made of wire-cut brick construction.
Site Type: Broad
Farm
SITEDESC
There was a 'Garths Farm' in this area in 1714 but this was not on the same site as the present Newton Garths Farm. The present farm buildings probably date to the late eighteenth or early nineteenth century, but an earlier date cannot be ruled out. The farm is shown but unnamed on the 1840 tithe map. Confusingly, the farm to the north-west of this was called 'Newton Garths' at that time and was in the ownership of Cuthbert Ellison Esquire. By 1855 this farm was ruinous and the name was adopted by its neighbour. The buildings which now form 'Newton Garths Farm' were certainly in existence by 1855, as they are shown on 1st edition Ordnance Survey map in the same basic form which survives today. Three ranges of buildings surround a courtyard, open to the south, with a gin house on the eastern range. The 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map shows that the east and west ranges had changed little, but the north and south ranges had been extensively rebuilt and building three was added. Side walls had been added to the horse gin by 1912. The farm buildings were recorded in 2003 in advance of conversion. The floor of building 2 may be original as it shares some characteristics with the late 18th century floors of the stable block at Gibside. The gin house survives but its once open sides are now blocked up with modern bricks. Building 1 probably housed the mechanical apparatus which was driven by the horse gin. Building 2 was probably stables. The roofline of building 2 was raised in the mid C19. Building 3 was built in the late C19. Building one is of yellow sandstone. It retains narrow ventilation slots and a stable door. Building 2 is built of whitewashed hand-made brick with sandstone gable springers. There is a blocked doorway in the east elevation, and a window in the north. The two stable doors are still in use. Building 3 is made of wire-cut brick construction.
Site Name
Newton Garths Farm
Site Type: Specific
Farmstead
HER Number
5482
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
<< HER 5482 >> W. Greenwell, ed. 1852, Boldon Buke, Surtees Society,25, 45-6
W. Greenwell, ed. 1856, Bishop Hatfield's Survey, Surtees Society, 32, 98
18th century, Deeds relating to Newton Garths, Northumberland Records Office- ZCE 9/11
W. Hutchinson, 1787, History...of Durham, II, 624-25
R. Surtees, 1820, History...of Durham, II, 64
The College, Ordnance Survey maps, 1st ed. 25, VII.4 and III.16-Durham University Special Collections 5
D.A. Kirby, ed. 1972, Parliamentary Surveys of the Bishopric of Durham, Surtees Society, II 185, p.
The College, Tithe Awards, 1840, Whitburn - Durham University Special Collections 5
C. Maire, 1711
Casson, 1801
Pre Construct Archaeology, 2003, An Archaeological Building Survey at Newton Garth Farm, 1 Benton Road,
SURVIVAL
60-79%
YEAR1
2003
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Defence
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
382
DAY1
24
District
Sunderland
Easting
436000
Grid ref figure
6
HISTORY_TOPIC
World Wars
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
12
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 35 NE 26
Northing
559000
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
First World War 1914 to 1918
Place
Hylton
Description
On the brow of the hill above Hylton Castle, "in entrenchments made during the war (i.e. World War 1), there was found "a magnificent gritstone adze" (HER 382).
Site Type: Broad
Fieldwork
SITEDESC
On the brow of the hill above Hylton Castle, "in entrenchments made during the war (i.e. World War 1), there was found "a magnificent gritstone adze" (HER 382).
Site Name
Hylton Castle hill, World War One Trenches
Site Type: Specific
Trench
HER Number
5481
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 5481 >> H. Preston, 1929, Flint work-sites in North-East Durham, The Vasculum, Vol. 15, no. 4, p. 141
H. Preston, 1932, Re-chipped Greenstone Axes, The Vasculum, Vol. 18, no. 1, p. 20
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 61, no. 5.2
Archaeological Services University of Durham, 2003, Hylton Lane, Downhill, Sunderland, Archaeological Assessment
YEAR1
2003
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
24
District
N Tyneside
Easting
436300
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ37SE
MONTH1
12
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
571400
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Stuart 1603 to 1714
Place
Cullercoats
Description
Documentary evidence records the introduction of salt pans at Cullercoats in the 1660s, fired by coal from Whitley (HER 1192).
Site Type: Broad
Salt Production Site
SITEDESC
Documentary evidence records the introduction of salt pans at Cullercoats in the C17, fired by coal from Whitley (HER 1192). John Dove, who co-owned the Whitley and Monkseaton pits, leased land to Thomas Fearon, salt merchant from South Shields, at Bank Top near Cliff House. Fearon built two salt pans, houses for the Garners (storemen) and Salters, and could use Dove's quay to export his salt. The first two pans were built in 1677, and used poor quality coal from Whitley. By 1690 a further 17 had been added - 7 north of Smugglers Cove and 10 to the south. A lead pipe through which the sea water was pumped remained in Smuggler's Cave until relatively recently. Salt was used to preserve fish, meat and vegetables. It was exported by sea and transported inland by pack horse along well recognised routes - e.g. Salter's Road in Gosforth. The salt water was pumped into a huge cistern and allowed to settle. It was then poured into the upper tier of pans and heated to boiling point by a coal furnace using local cheap coal. The liquid was poured off into the lower pans and allowed to slightly cool. Egg whites and sheep and cow blood was added to clarify the water. The boiling process was repeated another three times, and as the water evaporated, the salt crystals sank to the bottom. These were scraped out and dried. The process took a whole day. Salt making established Cullercoats. In 1708 2180 tons of salt was shipped out from Cullercoats. In 1725 the salt pans were moved to Blyth.
Site Name
Cullercoats, salt pans
Site Type: Specific
Salt Works
HER Number
5480
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 5480 >> The Archaeological Practice, 2003, 10 York Road, Whitley Bay, Archaeological Assessment
Frazer & Emsley, 1973, p 34; R. Wright, 2002, The People's History - Cullercoats
YEAR1
2003
English, British
Class
Domestic
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Poor
Crossref
725, 6740
DAY1
23
District
N Tyneside
Easting
435480
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ37SE
MONTH1
12
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
572130
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Stuart 1603 to 1714
Place
Whitley Bay
Description
John Dove constructed a "Head House" and associated outbuildings (including a malt kiln, granaries and dove-cote) at Whitley in the 1670s. In 1790 it was described as two cottages and a croft or garth, lately used as a granary and malthouse. During the early 18th century the cottages were occupied by miners from Whitley Pit. The land owned by Dove was later built on in 1803 for Whitley House, using part of the older house in its construction. Tomlinson reported that the shell of the malt kiln was still visible behind Whitley House in 1893, approached "by entering a passage or lane at the east end of the Victoria Hotel". These are probably the outbuildings shown on the Ordnance Survey first edition map of 1860. There are the remains of agricultural buildings in the eastern lane, including the remains of a brick arch in stone masonry walls. There are further remains of masonry in the yard at the rear of the Victoria Public House and incorporated into Whitley House. This could be associated with Dove's properties, but could be rather earlier in origin. It seems likely that they the oldest remains of standing buildings in Whitley Bay.
SITEASS
There are the remains of agricultural buildings in the eastern lane, including the remains of a brick arch in stone masonry walls. There are further remains of masonry in the yard at the rear of the Victoria Public House and incorporated into Whitley House. This could be associated with Dove's properties, but could be rather earlier in origin. It seems likely that they the oldest remains of standing buildings in Whitley Bay.
Site Type: Broad
House
SITEDESC
John Dove constructed a "Head House" and associated outbuildings (including a malt kiln, granaries and dove-cote) at Whitley in the 1670s. In 1790 it was described as two cottages and a croft or garth, lately used as a granary and malthouse. During the early 18th century the cottages were occupied by miners from Whitley Pit. The land owned by Dove was later built on in 1803 for Whitley House, using part of the older house in its construction. Tomlinson reported that the shell of the malt kiln was still visible behind Whitley House in 1893, approached "by entering a passage or lane at the east end of the Victoria Hotel". These are probably the outbuildings shown on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey map of 1860.
Site Name
John Dove's Mansion House, malt kiln and byre
Site Type: Specific
Detached House
HER Number
5479
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 5479 >> The Archaeological Practice, 2003, 10 York Road, Whitley Bay, Archaeological Assessment; WW Tomlinson, 1893, Historical Notes on Cullercoats, Whitley and Monkseaton
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
2003
English, British
Class
Defence
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Good
Crossref
1957
DAY1
23
District
Newcastle
Easting
415430
Grid ref figure
8
HISTORY_TOPIC
World Wars
Map Sheet
NZ16NE
MATERIAL
Brick
MONTH1
12
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
566890
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
Second World War 1939 to 1945
Place
Throckley
Description
Air raid shelter to the north-east of the Victorian school, built during World War Two. This was one of a number of shelters on the school site, but the others along the northern edge of the yard have been demolished. It was converted to use as an electricity substation in 1947. Rectangular building of wire-cut brick construction, laid in English Garden Wall bond. There are airbricks close to ground level and roof level. The flat roof is concrete. The current entrance dates to its conversion in 1947 or later.
Site Type: Broad
Civil Defence Site
SITEDESC
Air raid shelter to the north-east of the Victorian school, built during World War Two. This was one of a number of shelters on the school site, but the others along the northern edge of the yard have been demolished. It was converted to use as an electricity substation in 1947. Rectangular building of wire-cut brick construction, laid in English Garden Wall bond. There are airbricks close to ground level and roof level. The flat roof is concrete. The current entrance dates to its conversion in 1947 or later.
Site Name
Throckley, Middle School, Air Raid Shelter
Site Type: Specific
Air Raid Shelter
HER Number
5478
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
<< HER 5478 >> Northern Counties Archaeological Services, 2001, Throckley Middle School, Hexham Road, Throckley, Archaeological Assessment
Tyne and Wear Museums, 2001, Throckley Middle School, Hexham Road, Throckley, Archaeological Assessment
Pre Construct Archaeology, 2003, Historic Buildings Survey - Throckley Middle School, Tyne and Wear
Tyne and Wear Archive Service, 1947, Plan of substation, UD/Nb/46/2981
SURVIVAL
100%
YEAR1
2003
English, British
Class
Recreational
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Good
Crossref
5474-5476
DAY1
23
District
N Tyneside
Easting
429770
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MATERIAL
Sandstone
MONTH1
12
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
566760
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Wallsend
Description
The Buddle School or Wallsend Board Schools (for juniors and infants) were built in the mid 1870s. The handball wall is contemporary with the school. It runs east from the infant boys toilet block, partially subdividing the junior girls and boys playgrounds. It is 18.4 metres long, between 0.45 metres and 0.50 metres thick and 5.8 metres high divided into four bays per face by four stepped buttresses. It is built of yellow snecked sandstone with ashlar buttresses and rounded coping stones. It is presently free-standing to the east, but was once keyed into a lower coped wall. It appears that the wall started life as a standard dividing wall between the girls and boys yards, but was heightened later. The buttresses provided physical support for the wall and they allowed six separate ball games to be carried out at any one time. Markings remain on the junior boys side of the wall - four circles on the central bay and 'wickets' painted onto two buttresses. The date of these markings is unknown.
SITEASS
Handball is a sport which involves hitting a ball off a wall with the hand. It is a traditional Victorian sport and was a common pastime for adults and children in the mining communities of Durham and Northumberland. Schools and pubs often had purpose-built walls. There were apparently 22 handball facilities at inns in east Northumberland between 1860 and 1914. Today there are few surviving examples, but these include one at Langley Park in County Durham and at least three at Ushaw College, Durham, which are listed grade 2. The handball wall at the Buddle's sister board school at Willington has recently [2003] been demolished. The Buddle wall is therefore a good survival of a rare feature of Victorian everyday life. It is also important as the only surviving stretch of playground subdividing wall at the Buddle. Subdivision of the sexes was standard practice until the mid C20. Many playground walls have since been removed. There are two handball walls surviving in Durham - one behind Langley Park Hotel and another at New Hunwick {Atkinson 1980}. Handball is similar to the modern game of fives. The game is thought to have been introduced to England by Irish migrants in the early 19th century. One prominent handball player in the north east was Jackie Mordue, footballer for Sunderland and England.
Site Type: Broad
Sports Building
SITEDESC
The Buddle School or Wallsend Board Schools (for juniors and infants) were built in the mid 1870s. The handball wall is contemporary with the school. It runs east from the infant boys toilet block, partially subdividing the junior girls and boys playgrounds. It is 18.4m long, between 0.45m and 0.50m thick and 5.8m high divided into four bays per face by four stepped buttresses. It is built of yellow snecked sandstone with ashlar buttresses and rounded coping stones. It is presently free-standing to the east, but was once keyed into a lower coped wall. It appears that the wall started life as a standard dividing wall between the girls and boys yards, but was heightened later. The buttresses provided physical support for the wall and they allowed six separate ball games to be carried out at any one time. Markings remain on the junior boys side of the wall - four circles on the central bay and 'wickets' painted onto two buttresses. The date of these markings is unknown.
Site Name
Wallsend, Station Road, Buddle Schools, Handball Wall
Site Type: Specific
Handball Wall
HER Number
5477
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 5477 >> North East Civic Trust, 2002, The Buddle, Wallsend, Conservation Statement
W. Richardson, 1923, The History of the Parish of Wallsend
Tyne and Wear Archive Service, 1875, Wallsend and Willington School, Board Minutes Book 1, 1875-1881, SB/WA/1/1
Tyne and Wear Archive Service, 1881, Wallsend and Willington School, Board Minutes Book 2, 1881-1885, SB/WA/1/2
Shields Daily News, 31 July 1877
Alan Williams Archaeology, 2003, The Handball Wall, Buddle Arts Centre, Wallsend, North Tyneside, Archaeological Recording
A. Marston, International Journal of the History of Sport: Recreational Facilities in East Northumberland
Rev. E B Lynn, 1987, Handball pencil sketch, Beamish Library (photo no. 54978)
T. O'Connor, 2003, United States Handball Association, History of Handball, http://ushandball.org; Pearson, Lynn, 2010, Played in Tyne and Wear - Charting the heritage of people at play, 11
SURVIVAL
100%
YEAR1
2003
English, British
Class
Domestic
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Good
Crossref
5474,5475,5477
DAY1
23
District
N Tyneside
Easting
429810
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MATERIAL
Sandstone
MONTH1
12
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
566740
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Wallsend
Description
Caretaker's house to Buddle Schools (HER 5474). 1876 by J Johnstone for Wallsend Schools Board. Snecked sandstone with ashlar dressings. Welsh slate roof with decorative ridge tiles. L-plan. Scottish baronial style. Central 4-panelled door and overlight under relieving arch. Sash windows. High crow-stepped gables. 2 tall moulded and corniced ashlar chimneys. Disused [2003]. LISTED GRADE 2
Site Type: Broad
House
SITEDESC
Caretaker's house to Buddle Schools (HER 5474). 1876 by J Johnstone for Wallsend Schools Board. Snecked sandstone with ashlar dressings. Welsh slate roof with decorative ridge tiles. L-plan. Scottish baronial style. Central 4-panelled door and overlight under relieving arch. Sash windows. High crow-stepped gables. 2 tall moulded and corniced ashlar chimneys. Disused [2003].
Site Name
North Road, Caretaker's House
Site Type: Specific
House
SITE_STAT
Listed Building Grade II
HER Number
5476
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
<< HER 5476 >> North East Civic Trust, 2002, The Buddle, Wallsend, Conservation Statement
W. Richardson, 1923, The History of the Parish of Wallsend
Tyne and Wear Archive Service, 1875, Wallsend and Willington School, Board Minutes Book 1, 1875-1881, SB/WA/1/1
Tyne and Wear Archive Service, 1881, Wallsend and Willington School, Board Minutes Book 2, 1881-1885, SB/WA/1/2
Shields Daily News, 31 July 1877
Dept. of National Heritage, of Buildings of Special ... Interest, 6/163
Alan Williams Archaeology, 2003, The Handball Wall, Buddle Arts Centre, Wallsend, North Tyneside, Archaeological Recording