The Exhibition Park was the site of the Royal Jubilee Exhibition of 1887 and the North East Coast Exhibition, which opened on May 14th 1929 The 125 acre site was carved out of the Town Moor. All that survives of the 1887 layout is the bandstand (HER 5065). The 1929 exhibition left us with the former Palace of Arts (HER 5064), and a promenade from Claremont Road. The 1929 exhibition featured palaces of Engineering (occupied by big firms and shipbuilders), Industries (demonstrating new ideas such as sewing machines and vacuum cleaners) and Arts, 12 Egyptian towers and an African village (with imported Africans who were required to live out their daily lives there). It attracted 4,373,138 visitors. The architects for the art deco, Egyptian-style and futuristic buildings were Sunderland's W and TR Milburn, specialists in cinema and theatre design. After the exhibition closed, there were proposals to retain the site as film studios. The palaces were built of concrete and compressed asbestos on steel girder frames. The Palace of Arts (which survives as the Military Vehicles Museum but was once the Newcastle Museum of Science and Engineering, a direct successor to the exhibition) was appoached by an elegant bridge (demolished in 1961) over a widened and deepened lake. There was a festival hall to seat 20,000 people, a fountain lit by coloured lights, an amusement park including a Himalayan railway reaching 80 feetin height, a jungle, a 23 foot high female figure representing industry and the region's first official car park. There were also a range of pavilions - the garden club with roof veranda, the women's and artisans section, restaurents, horticultural exhibitions, gardens, tennis courts and bowling greens (which still survive). Smith's Crisps were launched at the event as was Newcastle Exhibition Ale. The staging of the 1929 exhibition was in response to the gathering Depression. Some firms claimed they won orders through the exhibition, but it also had a great social impact and signified the North East's determination not to stand passively by in the face of a worsening economic climate. LOCAL LIST
SITEASS
The cast iron bandstand of 1875 is listed grade 2.
Site Type: Broad
Park
SITEDESC
South east corner of the Town Moor, 125 acres. The Exhibition Park was the site of the Royal Jubilee Mining, Engineering and Industrial Exhibition of 1887. All that survives of the 1887 layout is the bandstand (HER 5065). The North East Coast Exhibition of Industry, Science and Art, opened on May 14th 1929. The aim was to promote trade and boost confidence at a time of economic hardship. The 1929 exhibition left us with the former Palace of Arts (HER 5064), and a promenade from Claremont Road. The 1929 exhibition featured palaces of Engineering (occupied by big firms and shipbuilders), Industries (demonstrating new ideas such as sewing machines and vacuum cleaners) and Arts, 12 Egyptian towers and an African village (with imported Africans who were required to live out their daily lives there). The stadium with a 2,000 seat stand hosted a Highland Games and sheepdog trials. Traces of its turf banking remained visible until the 1990s. The exhibition attracted 4,373,138 visitors. The architects for the art deco, Egyptian-style and futuristic buildings were Sunderland's W and TR Milburn, specialists in cinema and theatre design. After the exhibition closed, there were proposals to retain the site as film studios. The palaces were built of concrete and compressed asbestos on steel girder frames. The Palace of Arts (which survives as the Military Vehicles Museum but was once the Newcastle Museum of Science and Engineering, a direct successor to the exhibition) was approached by an elegant bridge (demolished in 1961) over a widened and deepened lake. There was a festival hall to seat 20,000 people, a fountain lit by coloured lights, an amusement park including a Himalayan railway reaching 80ft in height, a jungle, a 23ft high female figure representing industry and the region's first official car park. There were also a range of pavilions - the garden club with roof veranda, the women's and artisans section, restaurants, horticultural exhibitions, gardens, tennis courts and bowling greens (which still survive). Smith's Crisps were launched at the event as was Newcastle Exhibition Ale. The staging of the 1929 exhibition was in response to the gathering Depression. Some firms claimed they won orders through the exhibition, but it also had a great social impact and signified the North East's determination not to stand passively by in the face of a worsening economic climate. The lake was used by a model yacht club until 2007. Their 1894 clubhouse still stands.
Site Name
Exhibition Park
Site Type: Specific
Public Park
SITE_STAT
Local List
HER Number
5063
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 5063 >> T. Henderson, 1999, When the North made an exhibition of itself, The Journal, May 15 1999, p 36-37
N. Pevsner and I. Richmond, second edition revised by G. McCombie, P. Ryder and H. Welfare, 1992, The Buildings of England: Northumberland, p 454
Tyne and Wear Industrial Monuments Trust, 1979, In Trust, Issue 10, July 1979
RCHME, 1995, Town Moor, Newcastle upon Tyne, Archaeological Survey Report, p 16-18; Grace McCombie, 2009, Newcastle and Gateshead - Pevsner Architectural Guide, p. 34; Pearson, Lynn, 2010, Played in Tyne and Wear - Charting the heritage of people at play, p 35; Bill Pickering, 2015, The Role of Souvenirs at the 1929 North East Coast Exhibition - University Dissertation; J Fulton, 1869, Plan of proposed public park on the Town Moor & Castle Leazes, Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle Libraries L912.2 N536, https://www.flickr.com/photos/newcastlelibraries/26141785182/in/album-72157666225808630, J Fulton, 1870, Plan of proposed public park on the Town Moor & Castle Leazez, Newcastle upon Tyne, 24th October 1870, Newcastle Libraries, C2 672688 00 FE / L912.2 N536
SURVIVAL
20-39%
YEAR1
2002
YEAR2
2015
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Poor
DAY1
27
District
Newcastle
Easting
424500
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MONTH1
05
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563600
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Newcastle
Description
Shown on 1st edition Ordnance Survey map.
Site Type: Broad
Coal Mining Site
SITEDESC
Shown on 1st edition Ordnance Survey map.
Site Name
Towneley Coal and Coke Depot
Site Type: Specific
Coal Depot
HER Number
5062
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 5062 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1850
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
2002
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Poor
DAY1
27
District
Newcastle
Easting
424560
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MONTH1
05
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563620
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Newcastle
Description
Shown on 1st edition Ordnance Survey map.
Site Type: Broad
Wood Processing Site
SITEDESC
Shown on 1st edition Ordnance Survey map.
Site Name
Forth Banks Timber Yard
Site Type: Specific
Timber Yard
HER Number
5061
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 5061 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1850;
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
2002
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Poor
DAY1
27
District
Newcastle
Easting
424640
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MONTH1
05
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563720
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Newcastle
Description
Shown on 1st edition Ordnance Survey map.
Site Type: Broad
Glassmaking Site
SITEDESC
Shown on 1st edition Ordnance Survey map.
Site Name
Newcastle Glass Works (Flint)
Site Type: Specific
Glass Works
HER Number
5060
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 5060 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1850
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
2002
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Maritime
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Good
Crossref
7098
DAY1
28
District
N Tyneside
Easting
436300
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ37SE
MONTH1
05
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
571280
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Cullercoats
Description
Life Brigade Apparatus House for Cullercoats Life Brigade, now a private dwelling. Dated 1867 above door. Painted snecked stone with ashlar dressings and quoins; graduated slate roof and brick chimney. One storey. Double boarded door in elliptical- headed keyed arch and alternate-block jambs. Inscribed stone scroll above - LIFE BRIGADE HOUSE/1867. Small chamfered pointed-arched niche above. Bargeboards with finials. LISTED GRADE 2
SITEASS
This was the second Life Brigade in the country, formed immediately after Tynemouth in 1864. These brigades pioneered the technique of saving shipwreck victims by rocket-firing lifelines to wrecked vessels.
Site Type: Broad
Navigation Aid
SITEDESC
Life Brigade Apparatus House for Cullercoats Life Brigade, now a private dwelling. Dated 1867 above door. Painted snecked stone with ashlar dressings and quoins; graduated slate roof and brick chimney. One storey. Double boarded door in elliptical- headed keyed arch and alternate-block jambs. Inscribed stone scroll above - LIFE BRIGADE HOUSE/1867. Small chamfered pointed-arched niche above. Bargeboards with finials.
Site Name
John Street, Rocket Garage
Site Type: Specific
Coastguard Station
SITE_STAT
Listed Building Grade II
HER Number
5059
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
<< HER 5059 >> Dept. of National Heritage, of Buildings of Special Architectural or Historic Interest, 5/97; R. Wright, 2002, The People's History - Cullercoats; North Tyneside Council, 2009, Cullercoats Conservation Area Draft Character Appraisal
SURVIVAL
100%
YEAR1
2002
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Education
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Good
Crossref
7098
DAY1
28
District
N Tyneside
Easting
436360
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ37SE
MATERIAL
Brick
MONTH1
05
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
571300
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
Early 20th Century 1901 to 1932
Place
Cullercoats
Description
The original Dove Marine Laboratory building was constructed by the Northumberland Sea Fisheries Committee and opened on 21 October 1897. The laboratory exterior was merely a wooden hut next to the Salt Water Baths, which had been erected around 1807 by a Richard Armstrong. The Salt Water Baths were positioned in an area where no fresh water could mix with the sea water and weaken its strength, and were refilled every tide to avoid infection. The baths had four bathrooms and dressing rooms. The Marine Laboratory was built to undertake scientific studies into the Northumberland coast fishery to help increase its prosperity. In 1904 a fire destroyed the buildings. In September 1908 a new Marine Laboratory opened, thanks to local benefactor Mr W.H. Huddleston, who named the building after his ancestor Eleanor Dove. The Dove Marine Laboratory still carries out coastal research . In the public aquarium there was a tank or pond, and eleven tanks of various sizes along three of the walls. Outside the building large storage tanks for sea-water were built. The tanks and the foundations of the building were constructed in ferro-concrete. LOCAL LIST
Site Type: Broad
Laboratory
SITEDESC
The original Dove Marine Laboratory building was constructed by the Northumberland Sea Fisheries Committee and opened on 21 October 1897. The laboratory exterior was merely a wooden hut next to the Salt Water Baths, which had been erected around 1807 by a Richard Armstrong. The Salt Water Baths were positioned in an area where no fresh water could mix with the sea water and weaken its strength, and were refilled every tide to avoid infection. The baths had four bathrooms and dressing rooms. The Marine Laboratory was built to undertake scientific studies into the Northumberland coast fishery to help increase its prosperity. In 1904 a fire destroyed the buildings. In September 1908 a new Marine Laboratory opened, thanks to local benefactor Mr W.H. Huddleston, who named the building after his ancestor Eleanor Dove. The Dove Marine Laboratory still carries out coastal research {1}. In the public aquarium there was a tank or pond, and eleven tanks of various sizes along three of the walls. Outside the building large storage tanks for sea-water were built. The tanks and the foundations of the building were constructed in ferro-concrete {2}. Architect was J.J. Lish of Newcastle.
Site Name
Dove Marine Laboratory & Salt Water Baths
Site Type: Specific
Marine Laboratory
SITE_STAT
Local List
HER Number
5058
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
<< HER 5058 >> J. Alexander, 1999, Images of England - Tynemouth & Cullercoats, p 98 - 100
L.G. Mouchal & Partners Ltd, 1921, Hennebique Ferro-Concrete; R. Wright, 2002, The People's History - Cullercoats, p 16; North Tyneside Council, 2009, Cullercoats Conservation Area Draft Character Appraisal; North Tyneside Council, November 2008, Register of Buildings and Parks of Special Local Architectural and Historic Interest SDP (Local Development Document 9)
SURVIVAL
100%
YEAR1
2002
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Maritime
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Good
Crossref
2213, 5058, 7098
DAY1
28
District
N Tyneside
Easting
436400
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ37SE
MONTH1
05
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 37 SE 28
Northing
571400
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Cullercoats
Description
Life Brigade Watch House, Victoria Crescent, Cullercoats. This was designed by Frank West Rich, who designed Turnbull's Warehouse and Bolbec Hall (amongst other buildings). The Cullercoats Life Brigade, the second to be formed (after Tynemouth), was formed after 1864 and the Watch House constructed between 1877 and 1879. Built of roughly-squared sandstone with rock-faced quoins and dressings, a wooden verandah and tiled roof. Shingled belfry with balustrade. One storey. Boarded door under catslide roof. One stone-mullioned square-headed window under gable. Casements with glazing bars in back verandah. Clock turret has tall octagonal roof. LISTED GRADE 2
SITEASS
This was the second Life Brigade in the country, formed immediately after Tynemouth in 1864. These brigades pioneered the technique of saving shipwreck victims by rocket-firing lifelines to wrecked vessels.
Site Type: Broad
Navigation Aid
SITEDESC
Life Brigade Watch House, Victoria Crescent, Cullercoats. This was designed by Frank West Rich, who designed Turnbull's Warehouse and Bolbec Hall (amongst other buildings). The Cullercoats Life Brigade, the second to be formed (after Tynemouth), was formed after 1864 and the Watch House constructed between 1877 and 1879. Built of roughly-squared sandstone with rock-faced quoins and dressings, a wooden verandah and tiled roof. Shingled belfry with balustrade. One storey. Boarded door under catslide roof. One stone-mullioned square-headed window under gable. Casements with glazing bars in back verandah. Clock turret has tall octagonal roof.
Site Name
Life Brigade Watch House, Cullercoats
Site Type: Specific
Coastguard Station
SITE_STAT
Listed Building Grade II
HER Number
5057
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
<< HER 5057 >> J. Alexander, 1999, Images of England - Tynemouth & Cullercoats, p 106, 111
Dept. of National Heritage, of Buildings of Special Architectural or Historic Interest, 5/141
1901, Cullercoats in the Old Days - lecture by Alderman Spence, Shields Daily News, March 1901
1879, Newcastle Daily Courant, 13. 10. 1879; R. Wright, 2002, The People's History - Cullercoats; North Tyneside Council, 2009, Cullercoats Conservation Area Draft Character Appraisal; John Penn, 2009, The Enigmatic Architect: Frank West Rich (1840-1929), Archaeologia Aeliana, 5th Series, Vol XXXVIII, pp 139-149
SURVIVAL
100%
YEAR1
2002
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Maritime
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
COMP2
Claire MacRae
Crossref
7098
DAY1
28
DAY2
24
District
N Tyneside
Easting
436450
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ37SE
MONTH1
05
MONTH2
11
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
571350
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Cullercoats
Description
The first pier at Cullercoats was wooden and was built in 1677 by the lease holders of Whitley Colliery and Lady Elizabeth Percy, sole hieress of the eleventh Earl of Northumberland, to export coal. It took five years to build and cost £3,013 13s 6d. Cullercoats Port was put under the charge of the Custom House Officer at Blyth. In 1710 the wooden pier was severely damaged in a storm. It was deemed unsafe, the new pier was designed by John Dobson and built in stone with voluntary labour by fishermen and pilots between 1847-48. The end part was rebuilt in 1880. There are original drawings of the piers in Alnwick Castle. Pier now covered by sea at high tide. A photographic recording was undertaken by Scott Wilson in 2010 during improvement works. The report concluded that the North Pier had greater architectural merit than the South. Both piters form an intrinsic part of the historical development of Cullercoats and represent important historical heriage assets within the area.
Site Type: Broad
Landing Point
SITEDESC
The first pier at Cullercoats was wooden and was built in 1677 by the lease holders of Whitley Colliery and Lady Elizabeth Percy, sole hieress of the eleventh Earl of Northumberland, to export coal. It took five years to build and cost £3,013 13s 6d. Cullercoats Port was put under the charge of the Custom House Officer at Blyth. In 1710 the wooden pier was severely damaged in a storm. It was deemed unsafe, the new pier was designed by John Dobson and built in stone with voluntary labour by fishermen and pilots between 1847-48. The end part was rebuilt in 1880. There are original drawings of the piers in Alnwick Castle. Pier now covered by sea at high tide. A photographic recording was undertaken by Scott Wilson in 2010 during improvement works. The report concluded that the North Pier had greater architectural merit than the South. Both piters form an intrinsic part of the historical development of Cullercoats and represent important historical heriage assets within the area.
Site Name
North and South Piers
Site Type: Specific
Pier
HER Number
5056
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 5056 >> J. Alexander, 1999, Images of England - Tynemouth & Cullercoats, p 105
1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1850; R. Wright, 2002, The People's History - Cullercoats; North Tyneside Council, 2009, Cullercoats Conservation Area Draft Character Appraisal; Scott Wilson, 2010, Cullercoats Bay Piers Improvement Works - Photographic Survey; Scott Wilson, 2010, Cullercoats Bay Piers Improvement Works - Environmental Statement
YEAR1
2002
YEAR2
2014
English, British
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Good
DAY1
28
District
N Tyneside
Easting
432820
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NW
MONTH1
05
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
568350
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
West Chirton
Description
Cast iron wheel found by Mr. T Singleton in 2000 and donated to the Stephenson Railway Museum. 34.5 inches in diameter. 12 inches deep including broken stud of axle. Hub 9 inches. The axle is fitted to the wheel hub with wood wedges. The wheel has 12 spokes. The wheel was found at the Tyne Tunnel Trading Estate in a section through a soil bund to the east of Hartley Main Wagonway.
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
Cast iron wheel found by Mr. T Singleton in 2000 and donated to the Stephenson Railway Museum. 34.5 inches in diameter. 12 inches deep including broken stud of axle. Hub 9 inches. The axle is fitted to the wheel hub with wood wedges. The wheel has 12 spokes. The wheel was found at the Tyne Tunnel Trading Estate in a section through a soil bund to the east of Hartley Main Wagonway {1}.
Site Name
Hartley Main Wagonway, Cast Iron Wheel
Site Type: Specific
Wheel
HER Number
5055
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 5055 >> M. Forrester, Stephenson Railway Museum, 2000, Museum Object Entry Form
SURVIVAL
100%
YEAR1
2002
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Poor
DAY1
27
District
Gateshead
Easting
423010
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ25SW
MONTH1
05
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
553900
parish
Lamesley
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Beamish Burn
Description
Well-covered remains of a stone archway which was once the entrance to a drift mine. Coal from the mine was taken by tub wagonway to an engine house. The coal was initially intended to simply fuel the nearby pumping station, but there was excess coal. This was dropped down the shaft of the pumping station mine and taken to Beamish Colliery where it could be transported away. When drfit mining ceased, an explosive was detonated a few metres inside the tunnel to block it. The coal drift was in operation from 1895 to 1920.
SITEASS
The brick and stone arch to the mouth of the drift survives partially intact. Earthworks survive of the tubway embankment. Brick foundations of the hauling engine survive adjacent to Burn pumping station boilers {2}.
Site Type: Broad
Coal Mining Site
SITEDESC
Well-covered remains of a stone archway which was once the entrance to a drift mine. Coal from the mine was taken by tub wagonway to an engine house. The coal was initially intended to simply fuel the nearby pumping station, but there was excess coal. This was dropped down the shaft of the pumping station mine and taken to Beamish Colliery where it could be transported away. When drfit mining ceased, an explosive was detonated a few metres inside the tunnel to block it. The coal drift was in operation from 1895 to 1920 {1}.
Site Name
Paper Mill Drift/Money Hill Drift
Site Type: Specific
Colliery
HER Number
5054
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 5054 >> M. Allred, Historical Interpretation of Beamish Burn, p 3
Hepplethwaite Diary, Beamish Library