English, British
ADDITINF
Y
AREA_HA
0.33
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
CONDITION
Good
DAY1
13
DAY2
16
District
Gateshead
Easting
419200
Grid ref figure
6
HEIGHT_OD
46
Map Sheet
NZ16SE
MONTH1
9
MONTH2
5
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 16 SE 28
Northing
561100
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
Damhead Wood
SAMNUMBER
9
Description
A rectilinear double-ditched enclosure 79 m long and 42 m wide with some internal features and an entrance visible on aerial photographs. The top of a beehive quern was recovered from this site, and in 1988 was in the possession of a resident of Old Sunniside. SCHEDULED ANCIENT MONUMENT
SITEASS
No apparent threat. But some ruts in wet ground on the E edge.
Site Type: Broad
Enclosure
SITEDESC
Rectilinear double-ditched enclosure. MPP classification: Enclosure / rectilinear / symmetric / rectangular / not elongated / corners angled / straight sides 5 / ditches 2 / length 79 m / breadth 42 m / complete internal features ?structural (not definite enough on available photos to be described) / entrances 1 (terminal defined, aspect E).
The top of a beehive quern was recovered from this site, and on 22.vi.1988 was in the possession of Mr. Noel Tate, then at Old Sunniside.
Site Name
Damhead Wood rectilinear enclosure
Site Type: Specific
Rectilinear Enclosure
SITE_STAT
Scheduled Monument
HER Number
173
Form of Evidence
Cropmark
Sources
<< HER 173 >> Aerial Photograph, J.K. St. Joseph, 1952, - J x 37-39- Museum of Antiquities Cambridge University Aerial Photo Collection
Aerial Photograph, N. McCord,1971, Winlaton Mill, 14 July, A/076378/1-6 -Museum of Antiquities
Aerial Photograph, N. McCord, 1971, Winlaton Mill, 3 Aug., A/076715. 31, 32 -Museum of Antiquities
Aerial Photograph, N. McCord,1971, Winlaton Mill, A/076690/11-14 -Museum of Antiquities
A.J. Challis & D.W. Harding, 1975, Later Prehistory from Trent to Tyne, British Archaeological Report, Vol. 20, 49, 169
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 23 no. 2, and plate 2.3
Aerial Photograph, Cambridge University Aerial Photo Collection - 1972, crop marks, 0.75 m West of Whickham, 20 July, 78/194613
SURVIVAL
60-79%
YEAR1
1989
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
Y
AREA_HA
0.58
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Claire MacRae
CONDITION
Good
DAY1
08
DAY2
08
District
Gateshead
Easting
411400
Grid ref figure
8
HEIGHT_OD
167
Map Sheet
NZ16SW
MONTH1
9
MONTH2
5
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 16 SW 18
Northing
561480
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
Buck's Nook
SAMNUMBER
1005917
Description
A sub-rectangular ditched enclosure visible on aerial photographs, 84 m long and 68.5 m wide, but without visible internal features or entrances. SCHEDULED ANCIENT MONUMENT
SITEASS
In HBMC Field Warden's notes of 1983 it was said that the site had been under regular cultivation for more than 10 years, and in 1985 that it had been put down to permanent grass until the pasture was exhausted.
Site Type: Broad
Enclosure
SITEDESC
Sub-rectangular ditched enclosure. MPP classification: Enclosure / rectilinear / asymmetric / rectangular / not elongated / corners curved / straight sides 4 / ditches 1 / length 84 m / breadth 68.5 m / complete / internal features none / entrances none
Site Name
Buck's Nook (or North View) rectilinear enclosure
Site Type: Specific
Rectilinear Enclosure
SITE_STAT
Scheduled Monument
HER Number
172
Form of Evidence
Cropmark
Sources
<< HER 172 >> Aerial Photograph, N. McCord, 1967, Bucks Nook, 20 July, A/050605/25, 26 -Museum of Antiquities
Aerial Photograph, N. McCord, 1967, Bucks Nook, 17 Aug., G/051133/32, 37 -Museum of Antiquities; RAF CPE/UK/2352 3222 04-OCT-1947; NMR OS/74047 21 07/MAY-1974
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 19 no. 2 and plate 2.1; https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1005917
SURVIVAL
60-79%
YEAR1
1989
YEAR2
2017
English, British
ADDITINF
Y
Class
Domestic
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Clare Henderson
CONDITION
Fair
DAY1
02
DAY2
09
District
Gateshead
Easting
423135
Grid ref figure
10
Map Sheet
NZ25NW
MONTH1
8
MONTH2
10
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
557713
parish
Lamesley
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Ravensworth
Description
The name "Raueneswrthe" first appears before 1128, and in later medieval references is usually given as "Rauenshelme". The vill is first mentioned before 1328. An early map (probably 18th century) shows strips in the open fields east of the village, while a slightly later map (pre-1818) shows the same fields divided and enclosed. On both maps the houses are arranged around a green or wide street, roughly on the site of today's crossroads. The Tithe Map of 1846 is very similar and suggests that "Old Ravensworth" consisted of 3 farms, north-east, south-east and south-west of the crossroads, with a possible smallholding to the north-west. The 1851 census lists 10 households in Old Ravensworth - the 3 farmers, 3 coalminers, 1 stonemason, 1 blacksmith, 1 agricultural labourer and 1 shoemaker. On the 1st edition Ordnance Survey map (1858) the north-east farm (Ravensworth Town Farm) is absent, and by 1919 the south-west one (Ravensworth Farm) had also gone. The 2 stone houses north-west of the crossroads and the farm house to the south-east have been renovated and altered, but the latter retains an original chimney buttress.
SITEASS
Autumn 1991: some new building SW of crossroads, ? farm buildings. Opencast to NW and NE, though space for excavation in NE, and this has produced stone walls, cobble floor, med and C17 pottery.
Site Type: Broad
Settlement
SITEDESC
The name "Raueneswrthe" first appears before 1128. In later medieval references it is usually given as "Rauenshelme". The vill is first mentioned before 1328, and its earliest representation is on 2 maps, undated but before 1818. One shows strips in the open fields E of the village, the other the same fields divided and enclosed. The houses are arranged around a green or wide street, roughly on the site of today's crossroads. The Tithe Map of 1846 is very similar, and the Award suggests that "Old Ravensworth" consisted of 3 farms, NE, SE and SW of the crossroads, and a ? smallholding on NW. The 1851 census lists 10 households in Old Ravensworth - the 3 farmers, + 3 coalminers 1 stone mason, 1 blacksmith, 1 agricultural labourer and 1 shoemaker. On 1st ed. O.S. (1858) the NE farm (Ravensworth Town Farm) was no longer there, and by 1919 the SW one (Ravensworth Farm) had gone. The 2 NW stone houses have been renovated; the SE farm house, though much altered, retains a large W chimney buttress. Dated C12th.
Site Name
Old Ravensworth village
Site Type: Specific
Shrunken village
HER Number
171
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 171 >> H.E. Bell, ed. 1939, Calendar of Deeds given...by Lord Ravensworth, Archaeologia Aeliana, 4, XVI, pp. 44, no. 1, and 54, no. 33
Gateshead Library, (date unknown) Old Ravensworth, CAB A 2/7A-B
R. Surtees, 1820, History of the County Palatine of Durham, II, p. 208
Dept.Pal & Dip 5 The College Durham, Tithe Award - 1846, Lamesley
Ordnance Survey maps, 1858, 1:2500: 1st ed. 1858; 2nd ed. 1898; 3rd ed. 1919; 1939 -Gateshead Library
Gateshead Library Census return, 1851, Old Ravensworth
Group Annual Report, 7, p. 43
SURVIVAL
20-39%
YEAR1
1989
YEAR2
2020
English, British
ADDITINF
Y
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Domestic
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
CONDITION
Poor
DAY1
12
DAY2
15
District
Sunderland
Easting
440500
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ45NW
MONTH1
9
MONTH2
11
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 45 NW 9
Northing
557300
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Sunderland
Description
Initially the settlement seems to have been referred to as "the port of Wearmouth". In 1180-83 Bishop Hugh Puiset granted a borough charter to "Wearmouth", and though it is not certain whether this meant Bishopwearmouth or Sunderland it is usually assumed it was the latter. The whole borough of Sunderland was at lease c.1380 and was in serious decline in 1565, but revived by the growing coal trade from the late 16th century. The shape of the early settlement is clear from early maps. It consisted of the High Street, parallel to the river, running between Coney warren (?Barrack Street) at the east to Sans Street at the west. On the south side long burgages and lanes extended from High Street back to the later Coronation St and Prospect Row, with the Town Moor beyond. On the north side short alleys connected High St with Low St, and Low St with the quays. The skeletal outline survives, but the detail has gone as the result of slum clearance and later rebuilding.
SITEASS
There are, at the present time, vacant/waste sites available at the W end. Principal questions: date of origin; is Low Street on reclaimed ground; were the burgages of High Street laid out in the late C12 (as has been suggested).
Site Type: Broad
Settlement
SITEDESC
Initially the settlement seems to have been referred to as "the port of Wearmouth". In 1180-83 Bishop Hugh Puiset granted a borough charter to "Wearmouth", and though it is not certain whether this meant Bishopwearmouth or Sunderland it is usually assumed it was the latter. The whole borough of Sunderland was at lease c. 1380. It was in serious decline in 1565, and was only revived by the growing coal trade of the late C16-C17. The shape of the early settlement is clear from 18th century maps. It consisted of the High Street, parallel to the river, running between Coney warren (? Barrack Street) at the E to Sans Street at the W. On the S side long burgages and lanes extended from High Street back to the later Coronation St and Prospect Row, with the Town Moor beyond. On the N side short alleys connected High St with Low St, and Low St with the quays. The skeletal outline survives, but the detail has gone as the result of slum clearance and rebuilding in19th century and C20, and the E half is indeed totally obscured by the Garths. Dated C12th.
Site Name
Sunderland Borough
Site Type: Specific
Town
HER Number
170
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 170 >> W. Greenwell, ed. 1852, Boldon Buke, Surtees Society, Vol. 25, pp. 46, xli-xlii
W. Greenwell, ed. 1856, Bishop Hatfield's Survey, Surtees Society, Vol. 32, p. 137
M.H. Dodds, 1915, The Bishop's Boroughs, Archaeologia Aeliana, 3, XII, pp. 81-185
M. Clay, G.E. Milburn & S.T. Miller, 1984, An Eye Plan of Sunderland and Bishopwearmouth, 1785-1790
W. Hutchinson,1823, The History of...Durham, Vol. II, pp. 647-678
R. Surtees, 1816, The History of...Durham, Vol. I, pp. 253-268, 297
S. & R. Buck, 1728,The Perspective and Ichnography of the Town of Sunderland...
Burleigh and Thompson, 1737 - Sunderland Museum
T. Forster, 1742, Survey of Sunderland Moor TWCMS B 8176- Sunderland Museum
J.W. Corder, The Corder MSS, Sunderland Parish, Sunderland Library Local Studies
W. Page, ed. 1905, Victoria County History, I, pp.. 307, 313n
Rev. T. Randell, 1903, History of the Parish Boundaries in...Sunderland and...neighbourhood, Antiquities of Sunderland, II, pp. 1-16
G.W. Bain, 1903, The Natural Boundary between Bishopwearmouth and Sunderland Parishes, Antiquities of Sunderland, II, pp. 17-27
B. Morton, 1905, The History of the Sunderland Moor... Antiquities of Sunderland, IV, pp. 23-35
J.T. Kitts, 1912, The old-time Fields and Gardens of Sunderland, Antiquities of Sunderland, XI, pp. 53-68
T. Corfe, 1973, Sunderland
J. Fordyce, 1857, History of...Durham, Vol. 2, pp. 391-548
G. Garbutt, 1819, A Historical View...of Sunderland
W.C. Mitchell, 1919, History of Sunderland,
E. Mackenzie & M. Ross, 1834, Historical...View...of Durham, Vol. 2, pp. 257-324
W. Lewin, 1715, A Scheme of the New Town of Sunderland, TWCMS B 8167-Sunderland Museum
1826, Sunderland,Sunderland Library Local Studies
Thomas Robson and sons, 1844, Sunderland, Sunderland Library Local Studies
Ordnance Survey maps, 1855, Sunderland, 1st ed. 1:2500, 8.14 and 8.15 -Sunderland Library Local Studies
Photo 19th century, Sunderland -Sunderland Library Local Studies
Photo 19th century, Sunderland- Sunderland Museum
M. Beresford, 1967, New Towns of the Middle Ages, pp. 431-2
W.H.D. Longstaffe, 1889, Unused Evidences relating to SS. Cuthbert and Bede, Archaeologia Aeliana, 2, XIII, pp. 278-283
R. Brown, 1855, An Inquiry into the Origin of the Name 'Sunderland'; Archaeologia Aeliana, 1, IV, pp. 277-83
S. Speak, 1993, Wylam Wharf/Low Street, Sunderland
W.B. Griffiths, 1994, Wylam Wharf, Sunderland. Interim Account of Excavations...
Northern Archaeological Associates, 2003, Low Street, Sunderland, Archaeological Assessment; M.M. Meikle and C.M. Newman, 2007, Sunderland and its Origins - monks to mariners; Ian Nairn, 1964, A Townscape Gazetteer - County Durham, Architectural Review, Vol. 135 (1964) p 120
SURVIVAL
20-39%
YEAR1
1989
YEAR2
1995
English, British
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
CONDITION
Poor
Crossref
166, 168
DAY1
18
DAY2
15
District
Newcastle
Easting
424630
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ27SW
MATERIAL
Sandstone
MONTH1
8
MONTH2
11
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 27 SW 2
Northing
570110
parish
North Gosforth
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
North Gosforth
Description
An uninscribed altar in local buff sandstone, 185 m high x 0.71 m wide x 0.41 m deep, very much weathered. The front of the capital and the front right corner of the base have been broken away, but in the top of the capital there is a rectangular mortice hole, perhaps cut in the medieval period for use as a socket for a cross. Some relief carving survives, including a knife and an axe on the left side of the shaft and a jug and long-handled patera on the right. Said to have been found within the walls of the church and now in the Museum of Antiquities.
Site Type: Broad
Altar
SITEDESC
Uninscribed altar in local buff sandstone. The front of the capital and the front right corner of the base have been broken away. In the top of the capital there is a rectangular mortice hole, perhaps cut in the medieval period for use as a socket for a cross. The stone is very much weathered. Some relief carving survives. "On the left side of the shaft are a knife and an axe, on the right a jug and long-handled patera". 1.185 m high x 0.71 m wide x 0.41 m deep. Though (5) thought (1) had seen the altar "immured upside down in the east wall of the chapel", the latter's statement is ambiguous and he does not illustrate the stone. (2) found the altar on the ground within the walls of the church. (3) illustrates the altar but does not say where it was, and he thought it had been found after (1) had published his account since he did not mention it. In 1968 (4) saw the altar within the body of the church, though its date of accession to the Museum of Antiquities suggests not. Dated C2-C3.
Site Name
North Gosforth, Roman altar from the Chapel
Site Type: Specific
Altar
HER Number
169
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 169 >> J. Bell, 1832, An Account of the Remains of a Chapel ...near Low Gosforth House... Archaeologia Aeliana, 1, II, pp. 243-45
Rev. R.E. Hooppell, 1882, On the Ruins of an Early Church at North Gosforth, near Newcastle... JBAA, Vol. 38, pp. 117-121
S. Holmes, 1883, ...Recent Investigations at the Ruimed Chapel of North Gosforth, Archaeologia Aeliana, 2, IX, pp. 205-210
B.H. Pritchard, 1968, Ordnance Survey archaeological record card
E.J. Phillips, 1977, Corpus Signorum Imperii Romani Great Britain, Vol. I, Fasc.I, no. 303, p. 110 and plate 81
SURVIVAL
60-79%
YEAR1
1989
YEAR2
1995
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Unknown
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
CONDITION
Fair
Crossref
166, 169
DAY1
17
DAY2
15
District
Newcastle
Easting
424630
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ27SW
MATERIAL
Sandstone
MONTH1
8
MONTH2
11
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 27 SW 2
Northing
570110
parish
North Gosforth
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
North Gosforth
Description
A building-stone, 17 x 9 inches, was found in 1826 built upside down into the external plinth at the east end of North Gosforth Chapel in the grounds of Low Gosforth House. It was probably brought from the Roman Wall, which lies about 4 miles to the south, and is now in the Museum of Antiquities. Its inscription reads 'coh(ortis) VII / [...]' 'From the seventh cohort...' .
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
"Building-stone, 17 x 9 in, found in 1826 built upside down into the external plinth at the east end of North Gosforth Chapel in the grounds of Low Gosforth House, Newcastle upon Tyne. It was probably brought from the Wall, which lies about 4 miles to the south. Now in the Museum of Antiquities, Newcastle upon Tyne... coh(ortis) VII / [...] 'From the seventh cohort...' (2) assigns it to Risingham". It was presumably removed from the chapel, and its place in the east wall filled, by the Office of Works. (7) notes it as in the Museum of Antiquities in 1968.
Site Name
North Gosforth, Roman building stone from the Chapel
Site Type: Specific
Centurial Stone
HER Number
168
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 168 >> J. Bell, 1832, An Account of the Remains of a Chapel ...near Low Gosforth House... Archaeologia Aeliana, 1, II, pp. 243-45
A. Huebner,1873, Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum, VII, 1028
Rev. R.E. Hooppell, 1882, On the Ruins of an Early Church at North Gosforth, near Newcastle... JBAA, Vol. 38, pp. 117-121
S. Holmes, 1883, ...Recent Investigations at the Ruimed Chapel of North Gosforth, Archaeologia Aeliana, 2, IX, pp. 205-210
M.H. Dodds, 1930, Northumberland County History, XIII, p. 564, no. 1
R. G. Collingwood & R.P. Wright, 1965, The Roman Inscriptions of Britain, p. 438, no. 1324
B.H. Pritchard, 1968, Ordnance Survey archaeological record card
SURVIVAL
20-39%
YEAR1
1989
YEAR2
1995
English, British
ADDITINF
Y
AREA_STAT
Site of Special Scientific Interest
Class
Gardens Parks and Urban Spaces
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Clare Henderson
CONDITION
Fair
Crossref
164, 165
DAY1
21
DAY2
24
District
Newcastle
Easting
424902
Grid ref figure
10
Map Sheet
NZ27SW
MAP2
NZ27SE
MONTH1
8
MONTH2
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
571178
parish
North Gosforth
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Gosforth
Description
In 1566 Sir Robert Brandling acquired North Gosforth, and in 1760 Charles Brandling moved the family seat there from Felling, and employed James Payne to design Gosforth House. About half the township was then turned into a park as a setting for the house. This entailed taking the land out of agriculture, probably removing the hedges which had enclosed the open fields, and possibly even clearing a farm, or the village of North Gosforth. Then, over quite a long period, there was a lot of planting of trees, in large and small plots, and - as well as the house - the building of a park wall with gates and lodges, stables, walled gardens, a steward's house and an ice-house. The extensive eastern plantations and the lake, with a boathouse, may date from the time of Charles John Brandling (1802-26). In 1852 the Rev. R.H. Brandling sold the property to Thomas Smith, and in 1880 it was resold to be turned into a racecourse. LOCAL LIST
SITEASS
Parts of the Park are now at risk from redevelopment by the High Gosforth Park Co. for housing etc. There should be a proper study of the Park as a piece of C18-19 landscape with its associated buildings. Local list - Gosforth Park is a landscaped area of over 1000 acres in the north of the city and was landscaped by the Brandling family in the later eighteenth century. In 1852 the Brandling family went bankrupt and the house and much of the land was acquired by a shipbuilder, Thomas Smith. The park is bounded by a wall and has fine lodges at the entrances. The large stone gateposts by the west lodge are by John Dobson and feature the Brandling arms carved in high relief. The race course was established in 1880 and Brandling House (built 1755-1764) was made into the back premises of the racecourse grandstand. Today Gosforth Park is a popular and important recreational area. Within its boundaries the racecourse, a garden centre, a golf course, a lake, an exhibition centre and a campsite can be found. The site is crossed by roads and paths, and holds important areas of woodland and water as well as listed buildings and significant archaeology. Wildlife such as deer inhabit the site.
Site Type: Broad
Park
SITEDESC
In 1566 Sir Robert Brandling acquired North Gosforth, and in 1760 Charles Brandling moved the family seat there from Felling, and employed James Payne to design Gosforth House. About half the township was then turned into a park as a setting for the house. This entailed taking the land out of agriculture, probably removing the hedges etc. which had enclosed the open fields, and possibly even clearing a farm, or the village of North Gosforth. Then, over quite a long period, there was a lot of planting of trees, in large and small plots, and - as well as the house - the building of a park wall with gates and lodges, stables, walled gardens, a steward's house and an ice-house. The extensive eastern plantations and the lake, with boathouse etc., may date from the time of Charles John Brandling (1802-26). In 1852 the Rev. R.H. Brandling sold the estate to Thomas Smith for £25,000 and the park was let to Joseph Stoker, and in 1880 it was resold to be turned into a racecourse.
Site Name
Gosforth Park
Site Type: Specific
Landscape Park
SITE_STAT
Local List, Site of Special Scientific Interest
HER Number
167
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 167 >> W. Hutchinson, 1776, A View of Northumberland, II, pp. 323-325
E. Mackenzie, 1825, View of the County of Northumberland, II, p. 471
M.H. Dodds, 1930, North Gosforth Township, Northumberland County History, XIII, pp. 352-55
Seymour-Bell, 19th century Gosforth 11/nos. 9-13 -Newcastle Library Local Studies
Northumberland Records Office - 1852 - 380
Aerial Photograph, RCHME RAF 1958 - 0376, 0377, F 21
Aerial Photograph, Newcastle Planning Dept. Fairey Surveys Ltd. 1974, Tyne and Wear County, 18: 7 112, 115, 116; 19: 193-197; 20: 469-474
L. Allason-Jones &A. Osler, 1986, The Gosforth (Tyne and Wear) Boat Northern Archaeology, Vol. 7, part 2, pp. 17-29
F. Green, 1995, A Guide to the Historic Parks and Gardens of Tyne and Wear p 20
F. Green, 1995, Historic Parks & Gardens in Tyne & Wear, Stage 2 Research; Archaeological Services Durham University, 2013, Newcastle Race Course at High Gosforth Park, North Gosforth, Tyne and Wear - archaeological desk based assessment; AJT Environmental Consultants, 2000, Environment Statement - archaeological assessment by The Archaeological Practice; R Welford, 1975 edition, A history of the Parish of Gosforth; Durham Record Office, 1881-2, Records of the High Gosforth Park Co., D/X/674/273; AAG Archaeology, 2016, Gosforth Park Walled Gardens - Building Recording
SURVIVAL
60-79%
YEAR1
1989
YEAR2
2021
English, British
ADDITINF
Y
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Good
Crossref
164, 165, 168
DAY1
01
DAY2
25
District
Newcastle
Easting
424630
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ27SW
MATERIAL
Sandstone
MONTH1
8
MONTH2
4
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 27 SW 2
Northing
570110
parish
North Gosforth
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
North Gosforth
SAMNUMBER
32056
Description
The chapel consisted of nave, c. 45 feet x 23.5 feet, and chancel 21.5 feet x 20 feet+, externally. The nave had at some time been shortened, a new west wall being built some 7 feet east of the original. The nave was entered by a south door, near its west end. The chancel has a north door. The whole now stands some 2-3 courses above a chamfered base course. The evidence for burials consisted of coffins, grave covers, plain and decorated, medieval and 17th century, and 4 skeletons found in the chancel. It has been suggested, on architectural evidence, that the chapel might be 12th century, but the first reference to a chaplain is in 1296. The building probably fell into ruin in the17th century, although burial on the site may have continued into the next century. SCHEDULED ANCIENT MONUMENT AND LISTED GRADE 2*. A geophysical survey in 2005 detected a probable ditch forming the forming of the graveyard around the north side of the chapel, and a possible boundary wall to the south. Additional high resistance anomalies could reflect grave slabs or other stone features.
SITEASS
Scheduled 1954. Restored by O of W temp. building of Melton Park, and refurbished by City in 1981-2. Alterations made at those times should be investigated and recorded. The site perhaps needs an interpretative board, but is tidy and secure. A geophysical survey in 2005 detected a probable ditch forming the forming of the graveyard around the north side of the chapel, and a possible boundary wall to the south. Additional high resistance anomalies could reflect grave slabs or other stone features.
Site Type: Broad
Place of Worship
SITEDESC
The chapel consisted of nave, c. 45'x23.5', and chancel 21.5'x20+', externally. The nave had at some time been shortened, a new W wall being built some 7' E of the original. Other alterations: 2 buttresses added to early W wall and part of N wall rebuilt. The nave was entered by a S door, near W end; of its 2 original detached shafts the base of only one remains, the E jamb having been rebuilt without one. The chancel has a N door. The whole now stands some 2-3 courses above a chamfered base course. Some of the worked stones noted by 3, 5 and 6 survive, though most have been resited. It has been suggested, on architectural evidence, that the chapel might be C12; a chaplain is listed in 1296 Lay Subsidy Roll. Burials suggest it was a parochial chapel; Surtees chantry founded in C14. The building probably fell into ruin in C17. Chapel. First reference 1296; dedication unknown. Chancel and nave. North chancel door, south nave door. Narrow chancel opening and inserted west wall.
Source: Hope Dodds History of Northumberland XIII p.338-9 and plan. A scheduled ancient monument. Dated C12th.
Site Name
North Gosforth Chapel
Site Type: Specific
Chapel
SITE_STAT
Scheduled Monument, Listed Building Grade II*
HER Number
166
Form of Evidence
Ruined Building
Sources
<< HER 166 >> J. Brand, 1989, History of Newcastle I, pp. 321-2
J. Bell, 1832, An Account of the Remains of a Chapel,…near Low Gosforth House, Archaeologia Aeliana, 1, II, pp. 243-245
G.B. Richardson, 1841, Remains of the Old Chapel of So.(sic) Gosforth 184,1Northumberland Records Office
E. Mackenzie, 1825, History of Northumberland Vol. II, p. 470
Rev. R.E. Hooppell, 1882, On the Ruins of an Early Church at North Gosforth, near Newcastle… JBAA, Vol. 38, pp. 117-121
S. Holmes, 1883, Recent Investigations at the Ruined Chapel of North Gosforth, Archaeologia Aeliana, 2, IX, pp. 205-210
R. Welford, (date unknown) A History of the Parish of Gosforth pp. 19-22
J.C. Hodgson,1916, Notices of Ruined Towers, Chapels, etc. in Northumberland circa 1715, Archaeologia Aeliana, 3, XIII, p. 12
M.H. Dodds, 1930, North Gosforth Chapel, Northumberland County History, XIII, pp. 338-9
Photo, Newcastle Planning Dept. City Engineers Reprographics, 1980, North Gosforth Chapel Neg. nos. 7925/1-4
W.W. Tomlinson, 1899, North Gosforth Chapel, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle, 2, VIII (for 1897-98), 227; Archaeological Services Durham University, 2005, North Gosforth Chapel, Kingsley Avenue, Newcastle upon Tyne - geophysical surveys
SURVIVAL
20-39%
YEAR1
1989
YEAR2
2006
English, British
ADDITINF
Y
Class
Agriculture and Subsistence
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Clare Henderson
CONDITION
Good
Crossref
164, 166, 167
DAY1
11
DAY2
24
District
Newcastle
Easting
424905
Grid ref figure
10
Map Sheet
NZ27SW
MAP2
NZ27SE
MONTH1
8
MONTH2
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
570741
parish
North Gosforth
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
North Gosforth
Description
There are extensive remains of ridge and furrow in what later became Gosforth Park. It survives in the fields and woods north of the old tramway, patchily between the tramway and the racecourse, and very well under the golf course within the race track. Much is clearly visible, but there are places where it is apparent only on aerial photos. Most of it runs roughly north-south; there are some distinct blocks (furlongs); curved and straight ridges; a range of widths from 5.5 to 11.5 metres; and a patch of double-crested ridges. There are also probable traces of enclosure banks which were later removed for the park.
SITEASS
This would repay closer study, particularly under the golf course, to sort out the blocks, early and late field boundaries, water courses etc.
Site Type: Broad
Cultivation Marks
SITEDESC
There are extensive remains of ridge and furrow in what later became Gosforth Park. It survives in the fields and woods north of the old tramway, patchily between the tramway and the racecourse, and very well under the golf course within the race track. Much is clearly visible, but there are places where it is apparent only on the aerial photos. Most of it runs roughly north-south; there are some distinct blocks (furlongs); curved and straight ridges; a range of widths from 5.5 to 11.5 m; a patch of double-crested ridges; evidence of cross-ploughing. There are probable traces of enclosure banks which were later removed for the park; and presumably the fields north of the tramway belong to this enclosure system.
Site Name
North Gosforth common fields
Site Type: Specific
Broad Ridge and Furrow
HER Number
165
Form of Evidence
Earthwork
Sources
<< HER 165 >> Aerial Photograph, RCHME,RAF 1958 - 0376, 0377, F 21
Aerial Photograph, Newcastle Planning Dept. Fairey Surveys Ltd. 1974, Tyne and Wear County 18:7 112,115,116; 19: 193-197; 20: 469-474
B. Harbottle, 1989, Gosforth Park
SURVIVAL
60-79%
YEAR1
1989
YEAR2
2021
English, British
ADDITINF
Y
Class
Domestic
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
165, 166, 167
DAY1
22
DAY2
22
District
Newcastle
Easting
424000
Grid ref figure
4
Map Sheet
NZ27SW
MONTH1
8
MONTH2
1
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 27 SW 3
Northing
570000
parish
North Gosforth
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
North Gosforth
Description
The earliest reference to the placename, Gosforth, is in 1166, when William son of Siward certified that he held Goseford and half Milletone for the service of one knight's fee. North Gosforth does not appear for certain until the 13th century when 11 taxpayers are listed in 1296 and 14 in 1312. The available documentary evidence suggests gradual decay between the 16th and 18th centuries - in 1533 there were 30 (or 13) messuages; in 1566 8 messuages, 6 cottages & 10 tofts; in 1666 8 houses; and in 1780 3 cottages, 2 of them empty. Suggested sites for the medieval village are Low Gosforth House and Three Mile Bridge, west of the Great North Road and north of the Ouse Burn.
SITEASS
Find it.
Site Type: Broad
Settlement
SITEDESC
The earliest reference to the placename, Gosforth, is in 1166, when William son of Siward certified that he held Goseford and half Milletone for the service of one knight's fee. North Gosforth does not appear for certain until C13; the Lay Subsidy Roll of 1296 lists 11 taxpayers, and that of 1312 14. In 1379 i.p.m. of Thomas Surtees recorded 20 husbandlands of 24 acres of arable. The unsatisfactory doc. evidence suggests gradual decay, C16-18th century, i.e. 1533 30 (or 13) messuages, 1566 8 messuages, 6 cottages, 10 tofts, 1666 Hearth Tax 8 houses. In a lease of 1780 there were 3 cottages at North Gosforth, 2 of which were empty. An undated map (post turnpiking of Great North Rd) shows buildings NW of chapel - if these are not Low Gosforth House (original date unknown) perhaps they are the remains of the village, later cleared for the garden of the house. Note, however, that Holmes suggested the village had "occupied the site of the present Three Mile Bridge", i.e. west of the Great North Road and north of the Ouse Burn. Dated C13th.
Site Name
North Gosforth village
Site Type: Specific
Village
HER Number
164
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 164 >> H. Hall, ed. 1896, The Red Book of the Exchequer Part I, Rolls Series 99 p. 440; Part II, pp. 563, 606, 713
Cal. I.P.M.Vol. XV, no. 271
Northumberland Records Office, 18th century - ZBG1/1-18
Northumberland Records Office, Hearth Tax - 1666 - E 179/158/103
Northumberland Records Office, Watson Collection - (date unknown) Gosforth Shelf 26, no. 22
Northumberland Records Office,Tithe Award, North Gosforth, DT 357 S
J. Brand, 1789, History of Newcastle, Vol. I, pp. 321-2
R. Welford, (date unknown) A History of the Parish of Gosforth
S. Holmes, 1883, Recent Investigations at the Ruined Chapel of North Gosforth, Archaeologia Aeliana, 2, IX, p. 206
M.H. Dodds, 1930, North Gosforth Township, Northumberland County History,XIII, pp. 345-355
YEAR1
1989
YEAR2
1996
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