English, British
Class
Commercial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
18
District
Newcastle
Easting
425000
Grid ref figure
8
LANDUSE
Building
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MATERIAL
Concrete
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564400
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
Late 20th Century 1967 to 2000
Place
Newcastle
Description
Office block. Eight storeys with a large projection over the street. Steel frame and dark aggregate-faced concrete panels. Described by Grace McCombie (1992) - the street is now dominated by large 20th century buildings, and the view from the top is filled by an offensive brutalist tower raised over the road on a street-level podium. Commercial Union House was designed by Howell Brooks Tucker & Partners and completed in 1971. Brutal blocks like this and Norwich Union House in Westgate Road galvanized support for the conservation of the city centre in the late 1960s and 1970s. The building includes a wood-panelled 'gentleman's boardroom'. In 2009 McCombie further describes the building's 'sheer ugliness and inappropriate scale', calling it 'horrendous'. The building, which sits astride the road was apparently meant to 'give a sense of enclosure'. Commercial Union Assurance Co. Ltd had an office on this site in the late 19th century. An insurance plan of 1887 shows the offices at Nos. 31-47 Pilgrim Street. Commercial Union Assurance occupied the first floor.
Site Type: Broad
Commercial Office
SITEDESC
Office block. Eight storeys with a large projection over the street. Steel frame and dark aggregate-faced concrete panels. Described by Grace McCombie (1992) - the street is now dominated by large 20th century buildings, and the view from the top is filled by an offensive brutalist tower raised over the road on a street-level podium. Commercial Union House was designed by Howell Brooks Tucker & Partners and completed in 1971. Brutal blocks like this and Norwich Union House in Westgate Road galvanized support for the conservation of the city centre in the late 1960s and 1970s. The building includes a wood-panelled 'gentleman's boardroom'. In 2009 McCombie further describes the building's 'sheer ugliness and inappropriate scale', calling it 'horrendous'. The building, which sits astride the road was apparently meant to 'give a sense of enclosure'. Commercial Union Assurance Co. Ltd had an office on this site in the late 19th century. An insurance plan of 1887 shows the offices at Nos. 31-47 Pilgrim Street. Commercial Union Assurance occupied the first floor.
Site Name
Pilgrim Street, Commercial Union House
Site Type: Specific
Commercial Office
HER Number
12903
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
N. Pevsner and I. Richmond (Second edition revised by John Grundy, Grace McCombie, Peter Ryder, Humphrey Welfare), 1992, The Buildings of England: Northumberland, page 484; Archaeological Services University of Durham, August 2006, East Pilgrim Street, Newcastle upon Tyne - archaeological desk-based assessment and photographic record, part 2: gazeteer, pages 86-88; Grace, McCombie, 2009, Newcastle and Gateshead, pages 39 and 143
YEAR1
2010
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
18
District
Newcastle
Easting
425040
EASTING2
2508
Grid ref figure
8
LANDUSE
Building
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MATERIAL
Concrete
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
564450
NORTHING2
6446
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
Early 20th Century 1901 to 1932
Place
Newcastle
Description
Garage built in the Arts in Art Deco style. Three bay, three-storey face with projecting end towers and central bay, over garage door. The remainder of the structure is concrete. The car park has been extended over Erick Street and now faces Carliol Street above a one-storey nightclub building. McCombie (2009) - concrete 1930s, by L.J. Couves & Partners, and early example of ramped access. The building was considered for listing by English Heritage in November 2009 but was not listed because although it was an early example of a multi-storey car park, other earlier ones survive, because the principal elevation lacks distinction and because the building has undergone changes which undermine its integrity (rooftop extension, extension to rear and changes to the front). The first multi-storey car park to be built in Britain was in Wardour Street, London in 1903. This used a lift to raise the motor cars to the upper decks. Ramped car parks (or parking garages) emerged in the 1920s. The earliest was at Mount Pleasant, in Islington, London in 1922-3. By 1939 there were several ramped car parks in London but they were rare elsewhere. Buildings plans for the multi-storey car park in Newcastle were approved in 1930. The car park was open by 12 May 1931. The name Dex was in homage to the Lex Garage in Brewer Street, London of 1929 (listed grade 2), and was a pun on its parking decks. L.J. Couves & Partners had already designed the 1928 Carliol House with architects Tait, Burnet and Lorne. The construction of the car park demonstrates the growing importance of the motor car and the need for car parking in the city. The concrete structure was built by Trussed Concrete Steel Co. Ltd of London. The car park is contemporary with the adjacent Paramount (Odeon) Cinema of September 1931. The building was more than just a car park. It had a forecourt for petrol sales, car showrooms, administrative offices, a workshop and a chauffeurs' waiting room and wash rooms. In 1934 plans for a roof top showroom, car wash and offices were approved. A steel box was added to the original flat roofed uppermost deck in the early 1940s. The garage became the official retailers for Rolls Royce, Bentley and auto agents for Daimler and Lanchester. From 1963 until 1980 the garage was serving and selling Singer, Bentley, Jaguar and Rolls Royce. In 1970 a south eastern extension was built, designed by Fitzroy Robinson Partnership of London. The car showroom was converted to a clothes retail unit. Petrol sales ceased by 1980 and the forecourt canopy was removed. The turntables on each floor were removed in October 2007. Dex Garage is trapezoidal in plan. It has a steel framed structure with suspended reinforced concrete floors, ramps, roof and staircases. The external walls are white painted rendered brick. The main elevation is symmetrical, five bays in width, with projecting tower-like four-storey sides. The left-hand side bears the inscription DEX GARAGE. A projecting central bay runs the height of the building from first floor level above the venicle entrance. There are three-light steel top hung casement windows. The cast-iron hoppers and down pipes are original. The sides and rear of the building are plain. Inside there are 11 staggered parking floors, providing parking for 376 cars. The ramps have original iron railings. The tower in the north-west corner contains a lift shaft with encircling stairs with a moulded wooden hand rail. Original lift doors with copper glazing. Original timber doors survive elsewhere. Numerous ancillary rooms such as the chaffeur's lounge and wash room, remain. The garage offices and show rooms lie either side of the main entrance. One of the offices retains a terrazzo floor with the word DEX cast within it. Some original signage is retained. The second floor contains the partial remains of a vehicle lift shaft and some original plant.
Site Type: Broad
Road Transport Site
SITEDESC
Garage built in the Arts in Art Deco style. Three bay, three-storey face with projecting end towers and central bay, over garage door. The remainder of the structure is concrete. The car park has been extended over Erick Street and now faces Carliol Street above a one-storey nightclub building. McCombie (2009) - concrete 1930s, by L.J. Couves & Partners, and early example of ramped access. The building was considered for listing by English Heritage in November 2009 but was not listed because although it was an early example of a multi-storey car park, other earlier ones survive, because the principal elevation lacks distinction and because the building has undergone changes which undermine its integrity (rooftop extension, extension to rear and changes to the front). The first multi-storey car park to be built in Britain was in Wardour Street, London in 1903. This used a lift to raise the motor cars to the upper decks. Ramped car parks (or parking garages) emerged in the 1920s. The earliest was at Mount Pleasant, in Islington, London in 1922-3. By 1939 there were several ramped car parks in London but they were rare elsewhere. Buildings plans for the multi-storey car park in Newcastle were approved in 1930. The car park was open by 12 May 1931. The name Dex was in homage to the Lex Garage in Brewer Street, London of 1929 (listed grade 2), and was a pun on its parking decks. L.J. Couves & Partners had already designed the 1928 Carliol House with architects Tait, Burnet and Lorne. The construction of the car park demonstrates the growing importance of the motor car and the need for car parking in the city. The concrete structure was built by Trussed Concrete Steel Co. Ltd of London. The car park is contemporary with the adjacent Paramount (Odeon) Cinema of September 1931. The building was more than just a car park. It had a forecourt for petrol sales, car showrooms, administrative offices, a workshop and a chauffeurs' waiting room and wash rooms. In 1934 plans for a roof top showroom, car wash and offices were approved. A steel box was added to the original flat roofed uppermost deck in the early 1940s. The garage became the official retailers for Rolls Royce, Bentley and auto agents for Daimler and Lanchester. From 1963 until 1980 the garage was serving and selling Singer, Bentley, Jaguar and Rolls Royce. In 1970 a south eastern extension was built, designed by Fitzroy Robinson Partnership of London. The car showroom was converted to a clothes retail unit. Petrol sales ceased by 1980 and the forecourt canopy was removed. The turntables on each floor were removed in October 2007. Dex Garage is trapezoidal in plan. It has a steel framed structure with suspended reinforced concrete floors, ramps, roof and staircases. The external walls are white painted rendered brick. The main elevation is symmetrical, five bays in width, with projecting tower-like four-storey sides. The left-hand side bears the inscription DEX GARAGE. A projecting central bay runs the height of the building from first floor level above the vehicle entrance. There are three-light steel top hung casement windows. The cast-iron hoppers and down pipes are original. The sides and rear of the building are plain. Inside there are 11 staggered parking floors, providing parking for 376 cars. The ramps have original iron railings. The tower in the north-west corner contains a lift shaft with encircling stairs with a moulded wooden hand rail. Original lift doors with copper glazing. Original timber doors survive elsewhere. Numerous ancillary rooms such as the chauffeur's lounge and wash room, remain. The garage offices and show rooms lie either side of the main entrance. One of the offices retains a terrazzo floor with the word DEX cast within it. Some original signage is retained. The second floor contains the partial remains of a vehicle lift shaft and some original plant.
Site Name
Erick Street, Dex Garage and car park
Site Type: Specific
Multi Storey Car Park
HER Number
12902
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
Archaeological Services University of Durham, August 2006, East Pilgrim Street, Newcastle upon Tyne - archaeological desk-based assessment and photographic record, part 2: gazeteer, pages 80-85; Grace McCombie, 2009, Newcastle and Gateshead, page 186; English Heritage (Listing) Advice Report, 9 November 2009; Spence and Dower, 2009, Dex Garage, New Bridge Street, Newcastle upon Tyne - An appraisal of its history and development
YEAR1
2010
English, British
Class
Commercial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
18
District
Newcastle
Easting
424990
Grid ref figure
8
LANDUSE
Building
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MATERIAL
Brick
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564470
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
Early 20th Century 1901 to 1932
Place
Newcastle
Description
Three 1930s commercial buildings. Shops at ground floor, offices above. Steel with brick skins and sandstone facades. Five storeys with a parapet and a small attic at the east end. Watson House is the largest element and has its main door in a chamfered face at the junction of Pilgrim Street and New Bridge Street West under a decorated parapet.
Site Type: Broad
Commercial Office
SITEDESC
Three 1930s commercial buildings. Shops at ground floor, offices above. Steel with brick skins and sandstone facades. Five storeys with a parapet and a small attic at the east end. Watson House is the largest element and has its main door in a chamfered face at the junction of Pilgrim Street and New Bridge Street West under a decorated parapet. McCombie - 1930 steel-framed office block.
Site Name
New Bridge Street West, Watson and Norham Houses
Site Type: Specific
Commercial Office
HER Number
12901
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
Archaeological Services University of Durham, August 2006, East Pilgrim Street, Newcastle upon Tyne - archaeological desk-based assessment and photographic record, part 2: gazeteer, pages 73-75; Grace McCombie, 2009, Newcastle and Gateshead, page 186
YEAR1
2010
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
11
District
Newcastle
Easting
425450
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MATERIAL
Concrete
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564590
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
Early 20th Century 1901 to 1932
Place
Shieldfield
Description
Opened by the North Eastern Railway on 2 January 1907. It was built of concrete and was said to be the largest covered goods station in the country. In September 1941 the station was damaged in Newcastle's worst air raid. The building burned for weeks because it was filled with flammable goods including sugar, linseed and cattle food. The station was demolished in the 1980s and replaced by Warners Cinema.
Site Type: Broad
Railway Transport Site
SITEDESC
Opened by the North Eastern Railway on 2 January 1907. It was built of concrete and was said to be the largest covered goods station in the country. In September 1941 the station was damaged in Newcastle's worst air raid. The building burned for weeks because it was filled with flammable goods including sugar, linseed and cattle food. The station was demolished in the 1980s and replaced by Warners Cinema.
Site Name
New Bridge Street Goods Station
Site Type: Specific
Goods Station
HER Number
12900
Form of Evidence
Demolished Building
Sources
Malcolm L Scaife, 1974, Newcastle Old and New, pages 71 and 72
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
2010
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Commercial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
11
District
Newcastle
Easting
424770
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MATERIAL
Concrete
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563980
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
Late 20th Century 1967 to 2000
Place
Newcastle
Description
Described by Grace McCombie (1992) as 'unspeakably ugly and intrusive'. 1965-71 by Cartwright Woolatt & Partners. Norwich Union House was designed, according to a contemporary account, 'to fit into the stone character of this part of the City'. Westgate House straddled Westgate Road on pilotis, in order to 'give a sense of enclosure'. Westgate House has been demolished.
Site Type: Broad
Commercial Office
SITEDESC
Described by Grace McCombie (1992) as 'unspeakably ugly and intrusive'. 1965-71 by Cartwright Woolatt & Partners. Norwich Union House was designed, according to a contemporary account, 'to fit into the stone character of this part of the City'. Westgate House straddled Westgate Road on pilotis, in order to 'give a sense of enclosure'. Westgate House has been demolished.
Site Name
Westgate Road, Westgate House/Norwich Union House
Site Type: Specific
Commercial Office
HER Number
12899
Form of Evidence
Demolished Building
Sources
Nikolaus Pevsner and Ian Richmond, 1992, The Buildings of England - Northumberland (second edition revised by John Grundy, Grace McCombie, Peter Ryder and Humphrey Welfare), page 491; Grace McCombie, 2009, Newcastle and Gateshead, pages 39, 114 and 143
YEAR1
2010
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Commercial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
11
District
Newcastle
Easting
424770
Grid ref figure
8
LANDUSE
Building
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MATERIAL
Ashlar
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
563990
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Newcastle
Description
Fine ashlar building with a domed roof. The offices of the Great Northern Railway Company. Three storeys plus an attic space in the dome. Ground floor had a central doorway flanked by low rectangular windows with oriel windows above. The first floor had round-headed arched windows, and the second floor rectangular windows. Dormer window in the domed roof. A pediment with urns. To the west of the offices and adjoining was the property of ? Emersons Ltd and to the east on the corner of Pudding Chare, was a two storey property in the occupation of Charltons in 1900. These properties were replaced by Westgate House and Norwich Union House in 1965-71, which Grace McCombie (1992) described as 'unspeakably ugly'.
Site Type: Broad
Commercial Office
SITEDESC
Fine ashlar building with a domed roof. The offices of the Great Northern Railway Company. Three storeys plus an attic space in the dome. Ground floor had a central doorway flanked by low rectangular windows with oriel windows above. The first floor had round-headed arched windows, and the second floor rectangular windows. Dormer window in the domed roof. A pediment with urns. To the west of the offices and adjoining was the property of ? Emersons Ltd and to the east on the corner of Pudding Chare, was a two storey property in the occupation of Charltons in 1900. These properties were replaced by Westgate House and Norwich Union House in 1965-71, which Grace McCombie (1992) described as 'unspeakably ugly'.
Site Name
Westgate Road, Great Northern Railway Co. Offices
Site Type: Specific
Commercial Office
HER Number
12898
Form of Evidence
Demolished Building
Sources
Malcolm L Scaife, 1974, Newcastle Old and New, page 45
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
2010
English, British
Class
Maritime Craft
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
08
DAY2
08
District
Sunderland
Easting
436670
Grid ref figure
8
LANDUSE
Intertidal
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MATERIAL
Concrete
MONTH1
3
MONTH2
8
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
558000
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
Early 20th Century 1901 to 1932
Place
Pallion
Description
The hulk of a concrete ship, thought to be the tug Cretehauser, in the intertidal mudflats. Built for the admiralty in 1918-19 by the Sunderland Concrete Building Company, a subsidiary of Swan Hunters, based at Southwick.
SITEDESC
The hulk of a concrete ship, thought to be the tug Cretehauser, in the intertidal mudflats. Built for the admiralty in 1918-19 by the Sunderland Concrete Building Company, a subsidiary of Swan Hunters, based at Southwick. 1936 wreck of British tug which was beached for breaking up on the sandbank. Ordered 1917 as CT 1, completed 1919 for the Shipping Controller as CRETEHAWSER. Changed hands: 1921, Board of Trade; 1922, Crete Shipping Co. Ltd., London; 1935, Samuel Levy, South Shields; 1935, South Stockton Shipbuilding Co. Ltd. for scrapping. 1936: dismantled and hull beached in River Wear. 1998: Hulk still on River Wear. Machinery: Central Marine Engine Works, West Hartlepool.
Site Name
River Wear, Cretehauser (Cretehawser)
Site Type: Specific
Tug
HER Number
12897
Form of Evidence
Wreckage
Sources
Entec UK Limited, November 2009, Sunderland Strategic Transport Corridor - New Wear Crossing, Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment, page 14; Tyne and Wear Archives, The Sunderland Concrete Building Company, DS.SWH/3/13; www.sunderlandmaritimeheritage.org.uk/Ships/CreteHawser/cretehaser.html; National Monuments Record: MONUMENT NUMBER: 1367408; World Wide Web page
http://www.mareud.mine.nu/Ferro-Concrete/wear_concrete_building_co.html [25-OCT-2002]
http://www.sunderland.gov.uk/Public/Editable/Themes/Visitors-Guide/History/ [25-OCT-2002]
The Northern Echo, 20-NOV-2003, Page 13;
Ian Ayris and Stafford M Linsley 1994 A guide to the industrial archaeology of Tyne and Wear, Page 81
YEAR1
2010
YEAR2
2012
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
COMP2
Claire MacRae
DAY1
08
DAY2
08
District
Sunderland
Easting
437200
Grid ref figure
8
LANDUSE
Building
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MATERIAL
Brick
MONTH1
3
MONTH2
4
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
558010
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
Mid 20th Century 1933 to 1966
Place
Pallion
Description
The Coles Engineering Company set up the Crown Engineering Works to build cranes, principally for military use, in 1939. Sketches of the original plant layout in 1939 shows the site as large sheds around an open yard, with offices at the extreme southern edge. The enterprise continued until 1998. The surviving industrial buildings are largely of post World War Two date and are predominantly steel-framed and clad. Elements of two early to mid 20th century buildings survive - the former Crown Works Offices and one disused industrial building. The date stones on the offices read 1879 (the date of foundation of the Coles Engineering Company in London) and 1939 (the date of the Crown Engineering Works). To the west of the offices is a stretch of red-brick wall in 3 inch brick. The office buildings were recorded by ASUD in 2012 ahead of demolition. The buildings were found to have been significantly altered and were not of historical .
Site Type: Broad
Engineering Industry Site
SITEDESC
The Coles Engineering Company set up the Crown Engineering Works to build cranes, principally for military use, in 1939. Sketches of the original plant layout in 1939 shows the site as large sheds around an open yard, with offices at the extreme southern edge. The enterprise continued until 1998. The surviving industrial buildings are largely of post World War Two date and are predominantly steel-framed and clad. Elements of two early to mid 20th century buildings survive - the former Crown Works Offices and one disused industrial building. The date stones on the offices read 1879 (the date of foundation of the Coles Engineering Company in London) and 1939 (the date of the Crown Engineering Works). To the west of the offices is a stretch of red-brick wall in 3 inch brick. The office buildings were recorded by ASUD in 2012 ahead of demolition. The buildings were found to have been significantly altered and were not of historical .
Site Name
Crown Engineering Works
Site Type: Specific
Engineering Works
HER Number
12896
Form of Evidence
Demolished Building
Sources
Entec UK Limited, November 2009, Sunderland Strategic Transport Corridor - New Wear Crossing, Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment, pages 13-14, photos on fig. 3.4; Coles Cranes http://homepage.ntlworld.com/tonyonthemoon/Coles-about-sunderland.html; Archaeological Services Durham University, 2012, Crown Works, Pallion, Sunderland - building recording
YEAR1
2010
YEAR2
2014
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
08
District
Sunderland
Easting
436820
Grid ref figure
8
LANDUSE
Intertidal
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
558190
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Hylton
Description
The river foreshore at Hylton was used as a 'timber beach' for the storage of timber for the shipyards to the east, as shown on the Ordnance Survey second edition 1895-6. There are existing timber revetments to either side of the mouth of the Hylton Dene (NZ 3682 5819) and an apparently random pattern of stakes and posts in the intertidal zone on the south and north banks of the river, which appear likely to be related to the timber beaches.
Site Type: Broad
Wood Processing Site
SITEDESC
The river foreshore at Hylton was used as a 'timber beach' for the storage of timber for the shipyards to the east, as shown on the Ordnance Survey second edition 1895-6. There are existing timber revetments to either side of the mouth of the Hylton Dene (NZ 3682 5819) and an apparently random pattern of stakes and posts in the intertidal zone on the south and north banks of the river, which appear likely to be related to the timber beaches.
Site Name
Hylton, timber beach, stakes and timber posts
Site Type: Specific
Timber Yard
HER Number
12895
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
Entec UK Limited, November 2009, Sunderland Strategic Transport Corridor - New Wear Crossing, Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment, page 12
YEAR1
2010
English, British
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
891
DAY1
18
District
S Tyneside
Easting
436600
Grid ref figure
6
LANDUSE
Building
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MATERIAL
Sandstone
MONTH1
2
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
567700
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
South Shields
Description
On 8 October 2007 during the construction of a domestic extension, a section of Roman wall and some animal bones were found. The site lies within the defences of Arbeia Roman Fort.
Site Type: Broad
Barrier
SITEDESC
On 8 October 2007 during the construction of a domestic extension, a section of Roman wall and some animal bones were found. The site lies within the defences of Arbeia Roman Fort.
Site Name
197 Roman Road, wall
Site Type: Specific
Wall
HER Number
12894
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
Nick Hodgson, Tyne and Wear Museums, 2007, pers comm
YEAR1
2010