Mill Pit was located just north of Newbottle Lane (now Philadelphia Lane A182). Was working in the late 18th century. Also known as Eden Main. Shown on a map of 1815. Pit was probably disused by the 1850s. Eden Main exploited High Main Seam which produced the best quality coal for the seacole market in London and the south-east. On 10 October 1812, 24 miners died in an explosion.
Site Type: Broad
Coal Mining Site
SITEDESC
Mill Pit was located just north of Newbottle Lane (now Philadelphia Lane A182). Was working in the late 18th century. Also known as Eden Main. Shown on a map of 1815. Pit was probably disused by the 1850s. Eden Main exploited High Main Seam which produced the best quality coal for the seacole market in London and the south-east. On 10 October 1812, 24 miners died in an explosion.
Site Name
Mill Pit/Eden Main
Site Type: Specific
Colliery
HER Number
3109
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 3109 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 13; www.dmm.org.uk; Bell, J T W, 1843, Great Northern Coalfield Map (DRO D/Lo 242/2); The Archaeological Practice Ltd., 2014, Penshaw: Not just a monument - Historic Village Atlas; Painsher Estate Map, 1815, DRO D/Lo/P4
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2015
English, British
Class
Water Supply and Drainage
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
3081
DAY1
28
District
Sunderland
Easting
432260
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35SW
MONTH1
7
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
552220
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Shiney Row
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows a Reservoir next to the Londonderry Railway (HER ref. 3081), possibly associated with it.
Site Type: Broad
Water Storage Site
SITEDESC
Reservoir next to the Londonderry Railway, (SMR 3081), possibly associated with it.
Site Name
Shiney Row, Reservoir
Site Type: Specific
Reservoir
HER Number
3108
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 3108 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 13
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Claire MacRae
DAY1
28
DAY2
24
District
Sunderland
Easting
432280
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35SW
MONTH1
7
MONTH2
2
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
552570
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Penshaw
Description
Depicted on the 1815 Vane Tempest estate map and on Bell's Coalfield map (1843). It was connected by a waggonway branch line, partly shared with Mill Pit running NW to link with the Tempest/Londonderry line. Probably redundant by 1862.
Site Type: Broad
Coal Mining Site
SITEDESC
Depicted on the 1815 Vane Tempest estate map and on Bell's Coalfield map (1843). It was connected by a waggonway branch line, partly shared with Mill Pit running NW to link with the Tempest/Londonderry line. Probably redundant by 1862.
Site Name
Penshaw Colliery E Pit
Site Type: Specific
Colliery
HER Number
3107
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 3107 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 13; The Archaeological Practice Ltd., 2014, Penshaw: Not just a monument - Historic Village Atlas; Painsher Estate Map, 1815 (DRO D/Lo/P4)
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2015
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
28
District
Sunderland
Easting
432260
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35SW
MONTH1
7
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
552810
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Penshaw
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows Penshaw Turnpike Toll House at this location.
Site Type: Broad
Road Transport Site
SITEDESC
Penshaw Turnpike Toll House.
Site Name
Penshaw Toll House
Site Type: Specific
Toll House
HER Number
3106
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 3106 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 13
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Claire MacRae
Crossref
3102
DAY1
28
DAY2
02
District
Sunderland
Easting
432440
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35SW
MONTH1
7
MONTH2
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
552990
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Penshaw
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows a Quarry Engine on the Penshaw Quarry Railway (HER ref. 3102).
Site Type: Broad
Machinery
SITEDESC
Quarry Engine worked on the Penshaw Quarry Railway, (HER 3102). Shown on first edition plan 1862 but not present on 1848 plan. May be associated with the rerouted course of the quarry railway running NW past Whitefield Colliery.
Site Name
Penshaw, Quarry Engine
Site Type: Specific
Engine
HER Number
3105
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 3105 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 13; The Archaeological Practice Ltd., 2014, Penshaw: Not just a monument - Historic Village Atlas;
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2015
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Claire MacRae
DAY1
28
DAY2
23
District
Sunderland
Easting
432610
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35SW
MONTH1
7
MONTH2
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
552880
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Penshaw
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows Penshaw Windmill (Corn) at this location. Windmill in existence by 1775 when depicted on Tempest Estate map. Demolished by the end of 19th century. Mill Terrace is the sole clue on the ground of its existence today.
Site Type: Broad
Power Generation Site
SITEDESC
Penshaw Windmill (Corn). Windmill in existence by 1775 when depicted on Tempest Estate map. Demolished by the end of 19th century. Mill Terrace is the sole clue on the ground of its existence today.
Site Name
Penshaw Windmill
Site Type: Specific
Windmill
HER Number
3104
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 3104 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 13; The Archaeological Practice Ltd., 2014, Penshaw: Not just a monument - Historic Village Atlas; Tempest Estate Map, 1775 (DRO NCB 1/X 227)
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2015
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Claire MacRae
Crossref
3102
DAY1
26
DAY2
02
District
Sunderland
Easting
432730
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35SW
MONTH1
7
MONTH2
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
553060
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Penshaw
Description
First shown on the 1775 Tempest Plan of Panshaw. Still operational in 1862. First edition locates a smithy within the quarry. The quarry was served by Penshaw Quarry Railway. Quarry disused by 1896 though the railway tracks were still in place.
Site Type: Broad
Mineral Extraction Site
SITEDESC
First shown on the 1775 Tempest Plan of Panshaw. Still operational in 1862. First edition locates a smithy within the quarry. The quarry was served by Penshaw Quarry Railway. Quarry disused by 1896 though the railway tracks were still in place.
Site Name
Penshaw Quarry
Site Type: Specific
Quarry
HER Number
3103
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 3103 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 13; The Archaeological Practice Ltd., 2014, Penshaw: Not just a monument - Historic Village Atlas; Tempest Estate Map, 1775 (DRO NCB 1/X 227); 19th century quarry plans, TWAS DS.JWL/46/1 and 6
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2015
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
3613,3105,3103
DAY1
28
District
Sunderland
Easting
432100
EASTING2
3279
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35SW
MONTH1
7
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
553410
NORTHING2
5306
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Penshaw
Description
The Painshaw Quarry Railway runs from Painshaw Quarry (HER ref. 3103) to the Londonderry Railway or the Lambton Railway (this is unclear on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan). It may originally have continued beyond that point (see HER ref. 3613). Traction was provided by the Quarry Engine (HER ref. 3105).
Site Type: Broad
Railway Transport Site
SITEDESC
The Painshaw Quarry Railway from Painshaw Quarry, (SMR 3103), to the Londonderry Railway or the Lambton Railway. This is unclear on the 1st edition OS mapping. It may originally have continued beyond that point, see SMR 3613. Traction was provided by the Quarry Engine, (SMR 3105).
Site Name
Penshaw Quarry Railway
Site Type: Specific
Railway
HER Number
3102
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 3102 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 13
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Claire MacRae
DAY1
28
DAY2
30
District
Sunderland
Easting
432950
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35SW
MONTH1
7
MONTH2
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
553820
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Penshaw
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows a Smithy at this location.
SITEASS
The smithy or forge was the workplace of a blacksmith or ironsmith, where iron was worked into useful objects such as weapons, armour in the Middle Ages and locks, hinges, spades and tools, iron horseshoes (machine-made horseshoes were introduced from USA in 1870s), grilles, gates, railings, metal parts for locomotives, coaches, waggons and carts. The blacksmith's raw material was wrought iron in bar form. The smithy comprised a hearth, bellows, anvil and bosh (quenching trough). A small forge had hand-operated bellows, a large industrial forge water-powered bellows, power hammer and shears (William Jones, 1996, Dictionary of Industrial Archaeology).
Site Type: Broad
Metal Industry Site
SITEDESC
A smithy is shown at the southern entrance to Old Penshaw village on the First Edition Ordnance Survey plan.
Site Name
Penshaw, Smithy
Site Type: Specific
Blacksmiths Workshop
HER Number
3101
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 3101 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 13; The Archaeological Practice Ltd., 2014, Penshaw: Not just a monument - Historic Village Atlas
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2015
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
28
District
Sunderland
Easting
432660
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35SW
MONTH1
7
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
553610
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Penshaw
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey map evidence shows Long Pasture Quarry at this location.
Site Type: Broad
Mineral Extraction Site
SITEDESC
Long Pasture Quarry.
Site Name
Long Pasture Quarry
Site Type: Specific
Quarry
HER Number
3100
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 3100 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, c.1855, 6 inch scale, Durham, 13