The Wallsend Iron Works seems to have been served by wagonway a waggonway (HER ref. 1187) from the North Eastern Railway, Tynemouth Branch (HER ref. 1186).
Site Type: Broad
Metal Industry Site
SITEDESC
Wallsend Iron Works. May have been served by wagonway (HER 1187). Owned by Palmer & Co. Had 2 furnaces.
Site Name
Wallsend Iron Works and Coke Ovens
Site Type: Specific
Iron Works
HER Number
2098
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2098 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 98; The Industrial Resources of the District of the Three Northern Rivers, The Tyne, Wear and Tees including the reports on the local manufacturers read before The British Association in 1863 (edited by Sir W.G. Armstrong, I. Lowthian Bell, John Taylor and Dr Richardson, 1864).
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Water Supply and Drainage
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
05
District
N Tyneside
Easting
430780
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NW
MONTH1
4
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
566250
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Wallsend
Description
Reservoir shown on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan.
Site Type: Broad
Water Storage Site
SITEDESC
Reservoir shown on 1st edition Ordnance Survey map.
Site Name
Wallsend, Reservoir
Site Type: Specific
Reservoir
HER Number
2097
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2097 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 98
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
05
District
N Tyneside
Easting
430700
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NW
MONTH1
4
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
566250
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Wallsend
Description
A clay pit is shown on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan.
Site Type: Broad
Mineral Extraction Site
SITEDESC
Clay pit shown on 1st edition Ordnance Survey map.
Site Name
Wallsend, Clay Pit
Site Type: Specific
Clay Pit
HER Number
2096
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2096 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 98
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
2205
DAY1
05
DAY2
04
District
N Tyneside
Easting
430570
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NW
MONTH1
4
MONTH2
4
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
566080
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Wallsend
Description
In 1897 the works was using a Porter's brick making machine, prodiucing 75000 wire cut bricks a week. Output increased to 100000 a week with the installation of a Johnson's machine which used a semi-plastic process. The drying shed held up to 50000 bricks although they were dryed outside during the summer. The brickworks had 7 kilns, and was owned by Mr R Wilson who also owned a brickworks at Birtley Grange.
Site Type: Broad
Brick and Tilemaking Site
SITEDESC
Brick and tile works. By 1895 (2nd edn OS mapping) the site was partly occupied by Wallsend Works (SMR 2205). It appears that the Wallsend Works shown on 2nd edn OS mapping in an expansion of this site. In 1897 it was using a Porter's brick making machine, producing 75000 wire cut bricks a week. Output increased to 100000 a week with the installation of a Johnson's machine which used a semi-plastic process. The drying shed held up to 50000 bricks although they were dried outside during the summer. The brickworks had 7 kilns, it was owned by Mr R Wilson who also owned a brickworks at Birtley Grange.
Site Name
Mordue's Brick and Tile Works (Tyne Brickworks)
Site Type: Specific
Brickworks
HER Number
2095
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2095 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 98
P J. Davidson, 1986, The Brickworks of the North East, p.61
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2001
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
05
District
N Tyneside
Easting
430440
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NW
MONTH1
4
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
566160
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Wallsend
Description
‘Old Staith’ appears to be a placename on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan, but its riverside location suggests that it may actually be the site of an old staith. If so, it was out of use before 1858.
Site Type: Broad
Water Transport Site
SITEDESC
Old Staith appears to be a placename on 1st edn OS mapping, but its riverside location suggests that it may actually be the site of an old staith. If so, it would have been out of use before 1858.
Site Name
Wallsend, Old Staith
Site Type: Specific
Staith
HER Number
2094
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2094 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 98
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
DAY1
05
District
Newcastle
Easting
429940
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MONTH1
4
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
565400
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Walker
Description
The 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan shows a tramway from the Walker Oil Works to the river.
Site Type: Broad
Fuel Production Site
SITEDESC
Walker Oil Works. 1st edn OS mapping shows a tramway from the works to the river.
Site Name
Walker Oil Works
Site Type: Specific
Oil Works
HER Number
2093
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2093 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 98
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
1134
DAY1
05
District
N Tyneside
Easting
430100
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NW
MONTH1
4
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
565540
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Wallsend
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey Map evidence shows Coxlodge Staiths at this location, the southern end point of the Gosforth and Kenton Wagonway (HER ref. 1134).
Site Type: Broad
Water Transport Site
SITEDESC
Coxlodge Staiths, the southern end point of the Gosforth and Kenton Wagonway (SMR 1134).
Site Name
Coxlodge Staiths
Site Type: Specific
Staith
HER Number
2092
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2092 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 98
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
Crossref
2090
DAY1
05
District
N Tyneside
Easting
430210
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NW
MONTH1
4
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
565680
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Wallsend
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey Map evidence shows Heaton Staiths at this location, which was supplied by a Wallsend wagonway (HER ref. 2090).
Site Type: Broad
Water Transport Site
SITEDESC
Heaton Staiths, supplied by wagonway (SMR 2090).
Site Name
Heaton Staiths
Site Type: Specific
Staith
HER Number
2091
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2091 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 98
YEAR1
1994
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
1134, 2091
DAY1
05
DAY2
12
District
N Tyneside
Easting
429730
EASTING2
3021
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MONTH1
4
MONTH2
12
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
566110
NORTHING2
6568
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Wallsend
Description
A fan of waggonways running to staiths within Wallsend and serving a number of collieries including Fawdon. Shown on an un-sourced map of 1811 in Turnbull 2012 (route 17).
Site Type: Broad
Tramway Transport Site
SITEDESC
A fan of waggonways running to staiths within Wallsend and serving a number of collieries including Fawdon. Shown on an un-sourced map of 1811 in Turnbull 2012 (route 17).
Site Name
Wagonway to Fawdon Colliery Staiths
Site Type: Specific
Wagonway
HER Number
2090
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 2090 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 98; Alan Williams Archaeology, 2012, Waggonways North of the River Tyne: Tyne and Wear HER Enhancement Project 2011-12; Bell 1847-1851: Maps of the Great Northern Coalfield, Northumberland; Turnbull, L. 2012 Railways Before George Stephenson (route 17)
YEAR1
1994
YEAR2
2012
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Truman L.P.H
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Good
Crossref
1182, 1139, 2196
DAY1
05
DAY2
23
District
N Tyneside
Easting
429950
EASTING2
0
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MONTH1
4
MONTH2
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
565970
NORTHING2
0
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Wallsend
Description
Wall Laws or Wallsend Colliery B Pit was sunk shortly after A Pit (which was sunk in 1780). By 1802 six interconnected shafts had been sunk in the Wallsend area. The renowned mining engineers, John Buddle senior and junior, were successive viewers or managers of the Wallsend Colliery. By the 1830s the mine was in decline, suffering badly from flooding. The last B Pit structures had been demolished by the 1850s although the shaft remained open for ventilation until 1969 (after 1908 as an air shaft for the Rising Sun Colliery). During excavation in 1997 a number of features were revealed adjacent to the B Pit shaft, the concrete cap of which is still present, but little trace of the engine house was found, suggesting that it was mostly of timber construction.
SITEASS
Wallsend Colliery B Pit was excavated in 1997 during the redevelopment of Segedunum Roman Fort as a tourist attraction. The B Pit shaft was sunk shortly after A Pit (which was sunk in 1780). By 1802 six interconnected shafts had been sunk in the Wallsend area. The renowned mining engineers, John Buddle senior and junior, were successive viewers or managers of the Wallsend Colliery. By the 1830s the mine was in decline, suffering badly from flooding. The last B Pit structures had been demolished by the 1850s although the shaft remained open for ventilation until 1969 (after 1908 as an air shaft for the Rising Sun Colliery). During the 1997 excavations, a lever wall was revealed adjacent to the B Pit shaft, the concrete cap of which is still present. The gap between the flanking walls may have been occupied by a mechanism which raised the coals. There was a paved area to the south which was probably where the controls of the beam engine were operated. Little trace of the engine house was found, suggesting that it was mostly of timber construction. North-east of the shaft a stone abutment was found. This could represent a wagon-loading area. A period of construction on the site included a lever wall, probably for a pumping engine, presumably of the Newcomen type with boiler beneath the cylinder. Three flues were added to improve ventilation in the mine. A third period of construction included a stone base and southern boiler base. When B pit was abandoned and became an air shaft, the structures to the shaft of the shaft were demolished. The coal storage pit for the western boiler was left filled with coal along with brick rubble, ash and mortar, domestic refuse, pottery, meat bones and clay pipes. The site was covered by topsoil. The site has been consolidated and left open for permanent display.
Site Type: Broad
Coal Mining Site
SITEDESC
Wall Laws or Wallsend Colliery 1st edn OS mapping shows a shaft within the site. Wallsend Colliery (or Russell's Wallsend Colliery) opened in 1778 with the A Pit. B Pit followed in 1781. C and D Pits were sunk in 1786, E Pit in 1791 and F and G (Church) Pits in 1802. William Russell opened the colliery. Subsequent owners were Losh, Wilson and Bell & Co, then Wallsend and Hebburn Coal Company. There were many explosions at the colliery. The first recorded explosion was in 1783 when the pit was drowned to put out the fire. In 1785 B Pit exploded at the furnace and the pit had to be flooded again. Three separate explosions were blamed on unsafe steel-mills. The only light in the mine was mirror-reflected sunlight, only possible on sunny days. There were explosions in 1786, 1787 and 1803 which killed 26 people. In 1795 pillar robbing produced severe creep but in 1809 John Buddle, viewer had introduced successful panel work. In 1810 Buddle invented parallel-circuit ventilation. In 1821 an explosion killed 52 workers. 102 miners were killed at G or Church Pit on 18 June 1835. On 19 December 1838, 11 miners were killed. Wallsend Colliery closed in June 1854. In 1863 two pumping engines were placed at G Pit to drain and work Hebburn Colliery. H Shaft was sank next to G. In 1892 the Wallsend and Hebburn Coal Co. turned the H Shaft into its main pumping station and reopened Wallsend Colliery. G Pit was reopened. Rubbish which had been thrown in when it closed had to be removed by sinkers sent down on safety chains. The High Main was reached in May 1894. The floor had been squeezed up to the roof (creep). Coal was reached at the Low Main in July 1898 and from the Bensham Seam in 1900. The first Rising Sun shaft was sunk in 1906 and coal was drawn there in 1908. No. 2 shaft was completed in August 1915 and Rising Sun Colliery became independent of Wallsend G Pit. , and 5 on 9 August 1925.
Site Name
Wallsend Colliery (Wall Laws or Russell's Wallsend Colliery)
Site Type: Specific
Colliery
HER Number
2089
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 2089 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 98
R. Oram, W.B. Griffiths & N. Hodgson, 1998, Excavations at Wallsend Colliery B Pit, 1997, Archaeologia Aeliana, Series 5, Vol XXVI, p115-160; Durham Mining Museum www.dmm.org.uk; Roy Thompson, 2004, Thunder Underground - Northumberland Mine Disasters 1815-65, pp 60-71; Tony Henderson, 1994, Tribute at last to pit disaster dead, Evening Chronicle; Ken and Pauline Hutchinson, 1994, Wallsend Colliery Pit Disaster; Rev. Erett, n.d., the Wallsend Miner; TH Hair, 1844, Views of the Collieries in the Counties of Northumberland and Durham