Bede wrote that Bishop Benedict brought back from a journey to Rome, two silk cloaks which he gave to King Alfrid of Northumbria in exchange for the vill of South Wearmouth "which lay on the south bank of the Wear and so opposite the monastery". It is not clear whether the 7th century vill referred to by Bede is early evidence of the settlement which became Sunderland (HER ref. 170) or whether it was the settlement which became known as Bishopwearmouth (HER ref. 163). The description, opposite the monastery, would most accurately fit Sunderland.
SITEASS
While there is considerable evidence for early medieval settlement on the north bank of the river, much less is known of the settlement on the south bank, South Wearmouth. It is not even clear whether the C7 vill referred to by Bede is early evidence of the settlement which became Sunderland (SMR 170) or whether it was the settlement which became known as Bishopwearmouth (SMR 163). The description, opposite the monastery, would most accurately fit Sunderland. In the absence of other evidence this can only be related most generally to the south bank of the river.
Site Type: Broad
Settlement
SITEDESC
Bede wrote that Bishop Benedict brought back from a journey to Rome, two silk cloaks which he gave to King Alfrid of Northumbria in exchange for the vill of South Wearmouth "which lay on the south bank of the Wear and so opposite the monastery" {1}. Dated C7.
Site Name
South Wearmouth village
Site Type: Specific
Village
HER Number
1988
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 1988 >> Northern Archaeological Associates, 2003, Low Street, Sunderland Archaeological Assessment, p 6.
P. Wilcock (trans), 1818, Bede, The Lives of the Abbots of Wearmouth, p 23; Archaeological Services Durham University, 2011, Noble's Quay, Sunderland, Tyne and Wear - Archaeological Watching Brief
YEAR1
2002
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Defence
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
08
DAY2
20
District
N Tyneside
Easting
435380
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ37NE
MATERIAL
Concrete
MONTH1
2
MONTH2
2
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
575440
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
First World War 1914 to 1918
Place
St. Mary's Island
Description
A concrete pillar on rocks on the seaward side of the island. Used in the calibration of the coastal defence artillery at Tynemouth Castle (HER ref. 135). A similar pillar stands off the coast at South Shields.
Site Type: Broad
Military Training Site
SITEDESC
Concrete pillar on rocks on seaward side of island. Used in the calibration of the coastal defence artillery at Tynemouth Castle (SMR 135). A similar pillar stands off the coast at South Shields. Erected in 1914. A Second World War structure is visible as a structure on air photographs. It is centred at NZ 3538 7544. It is visible as a concrete pillar on air photographs.
Site Name
St. Mary's Island, concrete pillar
Site Type: Specific
Target
HER Number
1987
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 1987 >> D. Heslop, 2002, Tynemouth Small Towns Report
Pers. Comm. Chris Lambert, 1999, Tynemouth Volunteer Life Brigade; North Tyneside Council, 2005, St. Mary's Island Draft Conservation Area Character Statement; Archaeological Research Services Ltd, 2009, North East Rapid Coastal Zone Assessment; NMR Monument No. 1464165; Vertical aerial photograph reference number RAF 3G/TUD/UK/8 5050 20-DEC-1945
YEAR1
2002
YEAR2
2009
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Water Supply and Drainage
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
08
District
N Tyneside
Easting
436820
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
2
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
570020
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Tynemouth
Description
Lion's Head Fountain set into a wall, but usually buried in sand. This was a popular mineral water spa until polluted by local mine workings. LOCAL LIST
Site Type: Broad
Spa
SITEDESC
Lion's Head Fountain set into a wall. Usually buried in sand. Was a popular mineral water spa from early 1800s until around 1920 when it was polluted by local mine workings. Also known as the Engine Well.
Site Name
Long Sands, Lion's Head Fountain
Site Type: Specific
Spa
SITE_STAT
Local List
HER Number
1986
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 1986 >> D. Heslop, 2002, Tynemouth Small Towns Report
Pers. Comm. Chris Lambert, 1999, Tynemouth Volunteer Life Brigade; North Tyneside Council, November 2008, Register of Buildings and Parks of Special Local Architectural and Historic Interest SDP (Local Development Document 9)
YEAR1
2002
English, British
Class
Maritime Craft
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
2065
DAY1
08
District
N Tyneside
Easting
437900
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MATERIAL
Iron
MONTH1
2
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
569200
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Tynemouth
Description
In 1896 the iron S.S. Roxana was deliberately sunk, loaded with concrete, on the outside of the Tyne North Pier (HER ref. 2065) and joined to the pier with concrete blocks to form a cofferdam to permit divers to work on repairs in sheltered water. Presumably she is still there.
SITEDESC
In 1896 the iron S.S. Roxana was sunk, loaded with concrete, on the outside of North Pier (SMR 2065) and joined to the pier with concrete blocks to form a cofferdam to permit divers to work on repairs in sheltered water. Presumably she is still there.
Site Name
Tynemouth, Wreck of the S.S. Roxana
Site Type: Specific
Wreck
HER Number
1985
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 1985 >> D. Heslop, 2002, Tynemouth Small Towns Report
Pers. Comm. Chris Lambert, 1999, Tynemouth Volunteer Life Brigade
YEAR1
2002
English, British
Class
Maritime
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
2065
DAY1
08
District
N Tyneside
Easting
437900
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
2
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
569200
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Tynemouth
Description
The foundations of the original Tyne North Pier, breached by the sea in 1897 and rebuilt straight (HER ref. 2065). The remains of the original outward-curving pier are visible at low tide.
Site Type: Broad
Landing Point
SITEDESC
The foundations of the original Tyne North Pier, built in 1854, breached by the sea in 1867, and more seriously in 1897 and rebuilt in 1909 straight rather than curved (HER 2065). The remains of the original outward-curving pier are visible at low tide.
Site Name
Tynemouth, foundations of original North Pier
Site Type: Specific
Pier
HER Number
1984
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 1984 >> D. Heslop, 2002, Tynemouth Small Towns Report
Pers. Comm. Chris Lambert, 1999, Tynemouth Volunteer Life Brigade; Dick Keys and Ken Smith, 2005, Tall Ships on the Tyne, p 10
YEAR1
2002
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Transport
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
1982
DAY1
08
District
N Tyneside
Easting
437410
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
2
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
569180
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Tynemouth
Description
Roadway cut across the rocks, associated with Lifeboat Station (HER ref. 1982). It is still visible at low tide.
Site Type: Broad
Road Transport Site
SITEDESC
Roadway cut across the rocks. Associated with Lifeboat Station (SMR 1982). Still visible at low tide.
Site Name
Roadway associated with lifeboat station
Site Type: Specific
Road
HER Number
1983
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 1983 >> D. Heslop, 2002, Tynemouth Small Towns Report
Pers. Comm. Chris Lambert, 1999, Tynemouth Volunteer Life Brigade
YEAR1
2002
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Maritime
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
1983
DAY1
08
District
N Tyneside
Easting
437290
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
2
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
569160
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Tynemouth
Description
Tynemouth No. 1 (Prior's Haven) Lifeboat Station, built 1862 by the Tyne Lifeboat Society. Cost £380. Closed in 1905. Sold to Tynemouth Sailing Club in 1919 for £130. The wooden runway across the beach reportedly still exists, buried under the sand. Single storey building built of stone. The original slate roof has been replaced with zinc coated corrugated metal. Proposed with replacement with reclaimed slates in 2012. Clay chimney pots.
Site Type: Broad
Navigation Aid
SITEDESC
Tynemouth No. 1 (Prior's Haven) Lifeboat Station, built 1862 by the Tyne Lifeboat Society. Cost £380. Closed in 1905. Sold to Tynemouth Sailing Club in 1919 for £130. The wooden runway across the beach reportedly still exists, buried under the sand. Single storey building built of stone. The original slate roof has been replaced with zinc coated corrugated metal. Proposed with replacement with reclaimed slates in 2012. Clay chimney pots.
Site Name
Lifeboat Station (now boat store)
Site Type: Specific
Lifeboat Station
SITE_STAT
Local List
HER Number
1982
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
<< HER 1982 >> D. Heslop, 2002, Tynemouth Small Towns Report
Pers. Comm. Chris Lambert, 1999, Tynemouth Volunteer Life Brigade; North Tyneside Council, November 2008, Register of Buildings and Parks of Special Local Architectural and Historic Interest SDP (Local Development Document 9); Kier North Tyneside Design Services, 15 August 2012, Design and Access Statement and Heritage Statement for The Boat Store, Priors Haven, Tynemouth
YEAR1
2002
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Domestic
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
08
District
N Tyneside
Easting
437220
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
2
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
569100
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Tynemouth
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey Map evidence shows the location of the former coastguard's houses. LOCAL LIST
Site Type: Broad
Maritime House
SITEDESC
Former coastguard's houses. Communal wash house at end of terrace. One building is dated to 1892.
Site Name
1-6 Old Coastguard Cottages
Site Type: Specific
Coastguards Cottage
SITE_STAT
Local List
HER Number
1981
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
<< HER 1981 >> D. Heslop, 2002, Tynemouth Small Towns Report
Pers. Comm. Chris Lambert, 1999, Tynemouth Volunteer Life Brigade; North Tyneside Council, November 2008, Register of Buildings and Parks of Special Local Architectural and Historic Interest SDP (Local Development Document 9)
YEAR1
2002
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Maritime
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
08
District
N Tyneside
Easting
437260
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
2
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
569080
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Tynemouth
Description
Life-saving apparatus house built in 1892 and still used by the Tynemouth Volunteer Life Brigade.
Site Type: Broad
Navigation Aid
SITEDESC
Life-saving apparatus house built 1892. Still used by Tynemouth Volunteer Life Brigade.
Site Name
Life-saving Apparatus House
Site Type: Specific
Coastguard Station
HER Number
1980
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
<< HER 1980 >> D. Heslop, 2002, Tynemouth Small Towns Report
Pers. Comm. Chris Lambert, 1999, Tynemouth Volunteer Life Brigade
YEAR1
2002
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Domestic
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
08
District
N Tyneside
Easting
437250
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
2
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
569070
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Tynemouth
Description
Historic Ordnance Survey Map evidence shows the former chief coastguard's house, built in 1870, at this location. LOCAL LIST
Site Type: Broad
Maritime House
SITEDESC
Former chief coastguard's house. Built 1870.
Site Name
Tynemouth, former chief coastguard's house
Site Type: Specific
Coastguards Cottage
HER Number
1979
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
<< HER 1979 >> D. Heslop, 2002, Tynemouth Small Towns Report
Pers. Comm. Chris Lambert, 1999, Tynemouth Volunteer Life Brigade; North Tyneside Council, November 2008, Register of Buildings and Parks of Special Local Architectural and Historic Interest SDP (Local Development Document 9);