English, British
Class
Agriculture and Subsistence
COMP1
Claire MacRae
DAY1
15
District
Sunderland
Easting
438790
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35SE
MONTH1
5
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
554740
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Tunstall
Description
Ralph Clegham is listed as the farmer at Tunstall Hill in Whelan's 1856 Directory of County Durham.
Site Type: Broad
Farm
SITEDESC
Ralph Clegham is listed as the farmer at Tunstall Hill in Whelan's 1856 Directory of County Durham.
Site Name
Tunstall Hill Farm
Site Type: Specific
Farm
HER Number
16302
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
Whellan, W, 1856, History, Topography and Directory of the County Palatine of Durham; First Edition Ordnance Survey, c.1855
YEAR1
2014
English, British
Class
Domestic
COMP1
Claire MacRae
COMP2
Rachel Grahame
CONDITION
Destroyed
Crossref
16300
DAY1
15
DAY2
09
District
N Tyneside
Easting
429200
Grid ref figure
8
LANDUSE
Built Over
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MONTH1
5
MONTH2
4
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
568620
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Iron Age -800 to 43
Place
Wallsend
Description
An enclosed settlement probably of Iron Age origin consisting of a ditched enclosure associated with a number of roundhouses was recorded during an evaluation by TWM in 2012 along with a prehistoric pit alignment (HER16300). Roman pottery recovered from the site does suggest that the settlement may have continued in occupation into the Roman period. Only two sides of the inner enclosure were established during the evaluation - the northern and eastern sides. An approximate internal width of c.47m has been calculated for the inner enclosure. Three roundhouses were identified within the enclosure representing different phases of occupation. The central roundhouse had a diameter between 8-12m. There were also the remains of other postholes, drainage gullys and ditches within the inner enclosure which has clearly been the focus of intensive occupation. A possible outlying roundhouse was recorded to the west of the settlement supporting the possibility that other clusters or single roundhouses may exist in the area of the outer enclosure. Iron Age and Roman pottery were recovered from the site. Several examples of narrow gullys in close proximity to the inner enclosure ditches may represent palisade trenches. It is unclear how this potential palisade relates to the rest of the settlement.
Site Type: Broad
Settlement
SITEDESC
An enclosed settlement probably of Iron Age origin consisting of a ditched enclosure associated with a number of roundhouses was recorded during an evaluation by TWM in 2012 along with a prehistoric pit alignment (HER16300). Roman pottery recovered from the site does suggest that the settlement may have continued in occupation into the Roman period. Only two sides of the inner enclosure were established during the evaluation - the northern and eastern sides. An approximate internal width of c.47m has been calculated for the inner enclosure. Three roundhouses were identified within the enclosure representing different phases of occupation. The central roundhouse had a diameter between 8-12m. There were also the remains of other postholes, drainage gullies and ditches within the inner enclosure which has clearly been the focus of intensive occupation. A possible outlying roundhouse was recorded to the west of the settlement supporting the possibility that other clusters or single roundhouses may exist in the area of the outer enclosure. Iron Age and Roman pottery were recovered from the site. Several examples of narrow gullies in close proximity to the inner enclosure ditches may represent palisade trenches. It is unclear how this potential palisade relates to the rest of the settlement.
In 2015 and 2017 an archaeological strip, map and sample was conducted by Wardell Armstrong in advance of residential development (event 4936). In area 1 curvilinear enclosures, pits, gullies, ditches, postholes and ridge and furrow were identified. Circular gullies with diameters that measured between 17.5 and 12m that maybe roundhouse ring gullies were also identified. Mid to late Iron Age pottery was found in association with features in area 1 in addition to bee-hive and saddle quern stone found in the upper fills of some features. A glass bangle fragment was also recovered. In area 2 a cobble spread was encountered which may be the remains of a cobbled trackway, ridge and furrow and linear features. No charred remains suitable for radiocarbon dating were recovered. The report recommends that future archaeological works conducted on the site should focus on retrieving dating evidence.
Post excavation analysis of the site was carried out in 2020 (event 5131). This found that the site was occupied between 350 cal BC and 345 cal AD, with several other undated phases of occupation. The settlement of roundhouses was initially unenclosed, and over time the roundhouses were replaced and enclosed with intermittent boundary ditches and then a large enclosure ditch with a complex entrance. The settlement was located in a manmade environment of lowland heathland with open moorland which supplied fuel in the form of both turf and coal. The finds assemblage was predominantly Iron Age in date and included pottery and some Roman artefacts.
Site Name
Wallsend, rectilinear enclosure
Site Type: Specific
Enclosed Settlement
HER Number
16301
Form of Evidence
Physical Evidence
Sources
Tyne and Wear Musuems, 2012, Station Road, Wallsend - archaeological evaluation; Wardell Armstrong, 2017, Land at Station Road, Wallsend, archaeological post-excavation assessment report;
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
2014
YEAR2
2021
English, British
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Claire MacRae
Crossref
16301
DAY1
15
District
N Tyneside
Easting
429180
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MONTH1
5
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
568710
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Bronze Age -2,600 to -700
Place
Wallsend
Description
A pit alignment consisting of individual pits and linear features was recorded during an evaluation by TWM in 2012 running in an east south-easterly direction. A ditched enclosure was also recorded (HER 16301). Similar pit alignments have been excavated at Delhi, Fox Covert and Shotton and dated to late Bronze Age. These pit alignments probably functioned at least in part in a role demarcating the landscape perhaps defining territories. Where dated, there is evidence that these features were open of r along period of time throughout the Iron Age. The pits on this site were relatively well preserved. A very small fragment of flint was recovered from one ditch sample. Trench 35 revealed two cuts - the earliest representing a large pit or ditch measuring 1.7m x 0.81m in depth with steep sides and a narrow base. Trench 38 revealed four pits and several linear cuts. The pits were orientated ESE and spaced between 0.53-0.6m apart. Only the full length of the middle two pits was exposed measuring 3.05m and 3.14m.
Site Type: Broad
Pit Alignment
SITEDESC
A pit alignment consisting of individual pits and linear features was recorded during an evaluation by TWM in 2012 running in an east south-easterly direction. A ditched enclosure was also recorded (HER 16301). Similar pit alignments have been excavated at Delhi, Fox Covert and Shotton and dated to late Bronze Age. These pit alignments probably functioned at least in part in a role demarcating the landscape perhaps defining territories. Where dated, there is evidence that these features were open of r along period of time throughout the Iron Age. The pits on this site were relatively well preserved. A very small fragment of flint was recovered from one ditch sample. Trench 35 revealed two cuts - the earliest representing a large pit or ditch measuring 1.7m x 0.81m in depth with steep sides and a narrow base. Trench 38 revealed four pits and several linear cuts. The pits were orientated ESE and spaced between 0.53-0.6m apart. Only the full length of the middle two pits was exposed measuring 3.05m and 3.14m.
Site Name
Wallsend, pit alignment
Site Type: Specific
Pit Alignment
HER Number
16300
Form of Evidence
Physical Evidence
Sources
Tyne and Wear Musuems, 2012, Station Road, Wallsend - archaeological evaluation; Tyne and Wear Musuems, 2012, Station Road, Wallsend - Geophysical Survey; Wardell Armstrong, 2017. Land at Station Road, Wallsend, Archaeological post-excavation assessment report;
YEAR1
2014
English, British
Class
Recreational
COMP1
Claire MacRae
COMP2
Clare Henderson
Crossref
16296
DAY1
15
DAY2
31
District
Sunderland
Easting
440053
Grid ref figure
10
MONTH1
5
MONTH2
1
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
558125
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
Late 20th Century 1967 to 2000
Place
Monkwearmouth
Description
Royal Naval Club shown on 1973 Ordnance Survey plan on the former site of the vicarage (HER16296).
Site Type: Broad
Club
SITEDESC
Royal Naval Club shown on 1973 Ordnance Survey plan on the former site of the vicarage (HER16296).
Site Name
Roker Avenue, Royal Naval Club
Site Type: Specific
Naval Club
HER Number
16299
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
Allen Archaeology, 2012, Dame Dorothy House, Dock Street, Sunderland - archaeological assessment; 1973 Ordnance Survey plan
YEAR1
2014
YEAR2
2021
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Claire MacRae
DAY1
15
District
Sunderland
Easting
440220
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ45NW
MATERIAL
Brick
MONTH1
5
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
558100
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Monkwearmouth
Description
Sail Works labelled on the 1973 Ordnance Survey plan on Zetland Street. Building extant on 1897 Ordnance Survey plan but unlabelled.
Site Type: Broad
Textile Industry Site
SITEDESC
Sail Works labelled on the 1973 Ordnance Survey plan on Zetland Street. Building extant on 1897 Ordnance Survey plan but unlabelled.
Site Name
Zetland Street, sail works
Site Type: Specific
Sailmaking Works
HER Number
16298
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
Allen Archaeology, 2012, Dame Dorothy House, Dock Street, Sunderland - archaeological assessment; 1973 Ordnance Survey plan
YEAR1
2014
English, British
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Claire MacRae
COMP2
Claire MacRae
DAY1
15
DAY2
26
District
Sunderland
Easting
440250
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ45NW
MONTH1
5
MONTH2
11
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
557940
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Monkwearmouth
Description
Mission room shown on Dame Dorothy Street/Bloomfield Street on the Third Edition map of 1919. The building itself is extant by 1855 so the mission room may date to the 19th century.
Site Type: Broad
Place of Worship
SITEDESC
Dame Dorothy Street, Providence Chapel (Methodist New Connexion) dating from 1854. Listed as mission room on the Third Edition map of 1919.
Site Name
Dame Dorothy Street, Methodist Chapel
Site Type: Specific
Methodist New Connexion Chapel
HER Number
16297
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
Allen Archaeology, 2012, Dame Dorothy House, Dock Street, Sunderland - archaeological assessment; Third Edition Ordnance Survey, 1919; The Archaeological Practice Ltd., 2014, List of Non Conformist Chapels in Sunderland
YEAR1
2014
YEAR2
2014
English, British
Class
Domestic
COMP1
Claire MacRae
Crossref
16299
DAY1
15
District
Sunderland
Easting
440040
Grid ref figure
8
MONTH1
5
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
558130
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Monkwearmouth
Description
Vicarage shown on Second Edition Ordnance Survey, 1897. Demolished between 1941-1973, replaced by Royal Naval Club (HER16299).
Site Type: Broad
Clergy House
SITEDESC
Vicarage shown on Second Edition Ordnance Survey, 1897. Demolished between 1941-1973, replaced by Royal Naval Club (HER16299).
Site Name
Roker Avenue, vicarage
Site Type: Specific
Vicarage
HER Number
16296
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
Allen Archaeology, 2012, Dame Dorothy House, Dock Street, Sunderland - archaeological assessment; Second Edition Ordnance Survey, 1897
YEAR1
2014
English, British
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Claire MacRae
COMP2
Claire MacRae
DAY1
15
DAY2
26
District
Sunderland
Easting
440080
Grid ref figure
8
MONTH1
5
MONTH2
11
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
558170
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Monkwearmouth
Description
Bethesda Hallgarth Mission (Primitive Methodist) Chapel shown on Bright Street on the First Edition Ordnance Survey plan, 1855. Still labelled as church 1973. Origins in ‘revivalist enthusiasm’ at activities of Hettie Gutcher, the‘girl-singing-preacher – became the ‘Gutcher-Johnson Memorial Church’. Rebuilt 1928, destroyed in World War II, reopened 1951.
Site Type: Broad
Place of Worship
SITEDESC
Bethesda Hallgarth Mission (Primitive Methodist) Chapel shown on Bright Street on the First Edition Ordnance Survey plan, 1855. Still labelled as church 1973. Origins in ‘revivalist enthusiasm’ at activities of Hettie Gutcher, the 'girl-singing-preacher – became the ‘Gutcher-Johnson Memorial Church’. Rebuilt 1928, destroyed in World War II, reopened 1951.
Site Name
Bright Street, Bethesda Hallgarth Mission
Site Type: Specific
Primitive Methodist Chapel
HER Number
16295
Form of Evidence
Building
Sources
Allen Archaeology, 2012, Dame Dorothy House, Dock Street, Sunderland - archaeological assessment; Second Edition Ordnance Survey, 1897; The Archaeological Practice Ltd. 2014, List of Non Conformist Chapels in Sunderland
YEAR1
2014
YEAR2
2014
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Claire MacRae
COMP2
Claire MacRae
DAY1
15
DAY2
01
District
Sunderland
Easting
440090
Grid ref figure
8
LANDUSE
Building
MONTH1
5
MONTH2
2
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
558060
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Monkwearmouth
Description
Speedings Ltd (previously J. Speeding and Co.) is Sunderlands oldest manufacturing business, established in 1827. In 2004 Speedings moved to Leechmere Industrial Estate from Whickham Street. Speeding Sail manufactory on Whickham Street shown on the Second Edition ordnance survey plan 1897. The larger building on the north side of the street is first shown on the Third Edition plan 1919. The building on Whickham Street was recorded in 2015 ahead of demolition. It is a two storey brick structure the central element of which seems to represent a purpose built sail-loft with an attached house. The domestic building had been built by 1914, this was later altered to become part of the sail works. In its entirety, Speedings' Buildings represents part of a vitaly important industry to the history of Sunderland and a part of the wider shipbuilding heritage of the city.
Site Type: Broad
Textile Industry Site
SITEDESC
Speedings Ltd (previously J. Speeding and Co.) is Sunderland's oldest manufacturing business, established in 1827. In 2004 Speedings moved to Leechmere Industrial Estate from Whickham Street. Speeding Sail manufactory on Whickham Street shown on the Second Edition ordnance survey plan 1897. The larger building on the north side of the street is first shown on the Third Edition plan 1919. The building on Whickham Street was recorded in 2015 ahead of demolition. It is a two storey brick structure the central element of which seems to represent a purpose built sail-loft with an attached house. The domestic building had been built by 1914, this was later altered to become part of the sail works. In its entirety, Speedings' Buildings represents part of a vitally important industry to the history of Sunderland and a part of the wider shipbuilding heritage of the city.
Site Name
Whickham Street, Speeding Sail manufacturer
Site Type: Specific
Sailmaking Works
HER Number
16294
Sources
Allen Archaeology, 2012, Dame Dorothy House, Dock Street, Sunderland - archaeological assessment; Second Edition Ordnance Survey, 1897; Solstice Heritage, 2016, Speedings' Buildings, Whickham Street, Roker, Sunderland - Historic Building Recording
YEAR1
2014
YEAR2
2016
English, British
Class
Health and Welfare
COMP1
Claire MacRae
DAY1
15
District
Sunderland
Easting
439940
Grid ref figure
8
MONTH1
5
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
558080
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Monkwearmouth
Description
Hospital labelled on the Second Edition Ordnance Survey, 1897. Building appears to be extant on the 1855 first edition.
Site Type: Broad
Hospital
SITEDESC
Hospital labelled on the Second Edition Ordnance Survey, 1897. Building appears to be extant on the 1855 first edition.
Site Name
Roker Avenue, Hospital
Site Type: Specific
Hospital
HER Number
16293
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
Allen Archaeology, 2012, Dame Dorothy House, Dock Street, Sunderland - archaeological assessment; Second Edition Ordnance Survey, 1897
YEAR1
2014