English, British
ADDITINF
N
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area, Register of Parks and Gardens Grade II
Class
Gardens Parks and Urban Spaces
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Fair
Crossref
5005
DAY1
05
District
Newcastle
Easting
425970
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
567040
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Jesmond
Description
Water feature utilising water from Paddy Freeman's Pond. Probably designed as a waterfall. Has grate in the bottom which drains the water away under the path (HER 5686). This is one example of a number of small "grottos" in the Dene, created at the bottom of steep rock faces where hollowed stones allowed small pools to form. The surrounding rocks were originally planted with ferns and plants with a creeping habit such as Periwinkles.
SITEASS
Dry [2004]. Needs pumped water supply to bring it back into use.
Site Type: Broad
Water Feature
SITEDESC
Water feature utilising water from Paddy Freeman's Pond. Probably designed as a waterfall. Has grate in the bottom which drains the water away under the path (HER 5686). This is one example of a number of small "grottos" in the Dene, created at the bottom of steep rock faces where hollowed stones allowed small pools to form. The surrounding rocks were originally planted with ferns and plants with a creeping habit such as Periwinkles.
Site Name
Jesmond Dene, waterfall
Site Type: Specific
Waterfall
HER Number
5688
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 5688 >> Pers. Comm. Jesmond Dene Rangers, 2004
SURVIVAL
100%
YEAR1
2004
English, British
ADDITINF
N
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area, Register of Parks and Gardens Grade II
Class
Gardens Parks and Urban Spaces
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Good
Crossref
5005
DAY1
05
District
Newcastle
Easting
426100
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
566710
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Jesmond
Description
A stone lined pond with a waterfall, edged with drystone walls. An outflow takes the water out of the pond and under the footpath (HER 5686) to drain away into the Ouseburn. The feature was created through quarrying. This is one example of a number of small "grottos" in the Dene, created at the bottom of steep rock faces where hollowed stones allowed small pools to form. The surrounding rocks were originally planted with ferns and plants with a creeping habit such as Periwinkles.
SITEASS
Would benefit from restoration.
Site Type: Broad
Water Feature
SITEDESC
A stone lined pond with a waterfall, edged with drystone walls. An outflow takes the water out of the pond and under the footpath (HER 5686) to drain away into the Ouseburn. The feature was created through quarrying. This is one example of a number of small "grottos" in the Dene, created at the bottom of steep rock faces where hollowed stones allowed small pools to form. The surrounding rocks were originally planted with ferns and plants with a creeping habit such as Periwinkles.
Site Name
Jesmond Dene, pond and waterfall
Site Type: Specific
Waterfall
HER Number
5687
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 5687 >> Pers. Comm. Jesmond Dene Rangers, 2004
SURVIVAL
100%
YEAR1
2004
English, British
ADDITINF
N
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area, Register of Parks and Gardens Grade II
Class
Transport
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Poor
Crossref
5005
DAY1
05
District
Newcastle
Easting
425850
EASTING2
2611
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MATERIAL
Clinker
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
567090
NORTHING2
6662
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Jesmond
Description
The construction method of the original paths of Jesmond Dene is still visible in places, particularly on the easternmost upper level path which runs from wooden footbridge near NZ 2611 6662 to the two bridges (HER 5690 and 5691) near NZ 2585 6709. The paths seem to have been constructed of red ash with sandstone edging. This edging is visible where the modern red tarmac is coming away. The tarmac is in fact keeping the edging in place. The paths were resurfaced in asphalt in 1906.
Site Type: Broad
Pedestrian Transport Site
SITEDESC
The construction method of the original paths of Jesmond Dene is still visible in places, particularly on the easternmost upper level path which runs from wooden footbridge near NZ 2611 6662 to the two bridges (HER 5690 and 5691) near NZ 2585 6709. The paths seem to have been constructed of red ash (ferric oxide from the Busy Cottage Ironworks?) hence the name Red Walk, with sandstone edging. This edging is visible where the modern red tarmac is coming away. The tarmac is in fact keeping the edging in place. The paths were resurfaced in asphalt in 1906.
Site Name
Jesmond Dene, footpaths
Site Type: Specific
Footpath
HER Number
5686
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 5686 >> Pers. Comm. Jesmond Dene Rangers, 2004
SURVIVAL
60-79%
YEAR1
2004
English, British
ADDITINF
N
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area, Register of Parks and Gardens Grade II
Class
Transport
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Good
Crossref
5005,5684
DAY1
05
District
Newcastle
Easting
426060
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MATERIAL
Sandstone
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
566600
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Jesmond
Description
Footbrige. Circa 1870. Sandstone. Ashlar segmental arch with rusticated voussoirs; coursed, squared stone abutments; low, rock-faced parapets ending in low square piers. LISTED GRADE 2
Site Type: Broad
Pedestrian Transport Site
SITEDESC
Footbrige. Circa 1870. Sandstone. Ashlar segmental arch with rusticated voussoirs; coursed, squared stone abutments; low, rock-faced parapets ending in low square piers.
Site Name
Jesmond Dene, footbridge north-east of Banqueting Hall
Site Type: Specific
Footbridge
SITE_STAT
Listed Building Grade II
HER Number
5685
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 5685 >> Pers. Comm. Jesmond Dene Rangers, 2004
SURVIVAL
100%
YEAR1
2004
English, British
ADDITINF
N
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area, Register of Parks and Gardens Grade II
Class
Gardens Parks and Urban Spaces
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
COMP2
Claire MacRae
CONDITION
Poor
Crossref
5005, 5723
DAY1
05
DAY2
12
District
Newcastle
Easting
426050
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MATERIAL
Sandstone
MONTH1
3
MONTH2
9
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
566540
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Jesmond
Description
1860-62 by John Dobson for Sir William (later Lord) Armstrong as a dining and entertaining room for his international clients and other guests to his estate, as his house was too small for large-scale entertainment. T-plan. Rock-faced sandstone on rubble plinth and 2 courses of pecked ashlar. Roofless. One high storey. Double door. Fanlight with substantial glazing bars between Tuscan pilasters, with sidelights, set in high rusticated round arch. 3 tall windows at each side. Interior has polychrome brick walls. The niches once held statues by Lough. The building included an ante room used as a gallery for Armstrong's art collection. This room had a water-powered pipe organ which utilised water piped from the pond now in Paddy Freeman's fields. The pedestrian tunnels which led under Jesmond Dene Road from Armstrong's house to the banqueting hall still survive (HER 5719). After Armstrong moved to Cragside, the banqueting hall was used as a shelter for visitors to the park. A Gothic style gatehouse was added to the hall by R. Norman Shaw in 1869-70. LISTED GRADE 2
SITEASS
Roofless ruin. Used for storage. Poor condition.
Site Type: Broad
Garden Building
SITEDESC
1860-62 by John Dobson for Sir William (later Lord) Armstrong as a dining and entertaining room for his international clients and other guests to his estate, as his house was too small for large-scale entertainment. T-plan. Rock-faced sandstone on rubble plinth and 2 courses of pecked ashlar. Roofless. One high storey. Double door. Fanlight with substantial glazing bars between Tuscan pilasters, with sidelights, set in high rusticated round arch. 3 tall windows at each side. Interior has polychrome brick walls. The niches once held statues by Lough. The building included an ante room used as a gallery for Armstrong's art collection. This room had a water-powered pipe organ which utilised water piped from the pond now in Paddy Freeman's fields. The pedestrian tunnels which led under Jesmond Dene Road from Armstrong's house to the banqueting hall still survive (HER 5719). After Armstrong moved to Cragside, the banqueting hall was used as a shelter for visitors to the park. A Gothic style gatehouse was added to the hall by R. Norman Shaw in 1869-70. A Turkey Oak was planted beside the banqueting hall in 1884 when the dene was officially opened by the Prince and Princess of Wales as a public park. The oak is still there. The first event was given in 1862 to the Elswick Works Literary and Mechanics Institute. The hall was used by the Nobles and other local families. A conservation statement was written in 2012.
Site Name
Jesmond Dene, Banqueting Hall
Site Type: Specific
Banqueting House
SITE_STAT
Listed Building Grade II
HER Number
5684
Form of Evidence
Ruined Building
Sources
<< HER 5684 >> Dept. of National Heritage, of Buildings of Special ... Interest, 9/325
N. Pevsner and I. Richmond, second edition revised by G. McCombie, P. Ryder and H. Welfare, 1992, The Buildings of England: Northumberland, p 512
Pers. Comm. Jesmond Dene Rangers, 2004; J. Donlad, 1976, Historical Walking Tour of Jesmond (Newcastle Local Studies Library, Jesmond Miscellaneous Articles, Vol 1, pp 36-41); Alan Morgan, 2010, Jesmond from mines to mansions, pages 76-77; Historic England, 2015, List Entry Summary 1024855; NECT, 2012, Banqueting Hall, Heritage Statement
SURVIVAL
60-79%
YEAR1
2004
YEAR2
2016
English, British
ADDITINF
N
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Water Supply and Drainage
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
COMP2
Claire MacRae
CONDITION
Fair
Crossref
5005,4137,5682,5681
DAY1
05
DAY2
23
District
Newcastle
Easting
426180
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MONTH1
3
MONTH2
12
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
566330
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Jesmond
Description
Mill pond to north of Busy Cottage Corn Mill (HER 4137). Still visible as a slight earthwork. Must have been used as a rubbish tip when it went out of use, as bottles have been found in the fill, along with clinker presumably from the ironworks (HER 5680).
Site Type: Broad
Pond
SITEDESC
Mill pond to north of Busy Cottage Corn Mill (HER 4137). Still visible as a slight earthwork. Must have been used as a rubbish tip when it went out of use, as bottles have been found in the fill, along with clinker presumably from the ironworks (HER 5680). The mill pond was lengthened by the mid 19th century, to be filled from a dam and sluice near the Banqueting House Bridge. Excavation in 2010 by ASUD revealed part of the dam for the mill pond. A stone dam was built to shorten the pond in the 1880s-1890s, this is at the end of the present garden. Before the end of the century it was shortened again, with a new dam being made north-east of the present Busy Cottage.
Site Name
Jesmond Dene, Busy Cottage Mill, mill pond
Site Type: Specific
Mill Pond
SITE_STAT
Register of Parks and Gardens Grade II
HER Number
5683
Form of Evidence
Earthwork
Sources
<< HER 5683 >> Pers. Comm. Jesmond Dene Rangers, 2004; Archaeological Services Durham University, 2010, Millfield House, Newcastle upon Tyne - Archaeological Excavation
SURVIVAL
60-79%
YEAR1
2004
YEAR2
2014
English, British
ADDITINF
N
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Water Supply and Drainage
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Good
Crossref
5005, 4137
DAY1
05
District
Newcastle
Easting
426190
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
566310
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Jesmond
Description
Sluice gate and decorative stone walls to north of Millfield House. This was the site of the mill pond associated with Busy Cottage Corn Mill (HER 4137). The sluice gate allows the mill race to run under Millfield House through a well-constructed stone tunnel. Presumably contemporary with the mill (1855).
SITEASS
Gate covered by sheet of perspex.
Site Type: Broad
Water Regulation Installation
SITEDESC
Sluice gate and decorative stone walls to north of Millfield House. This was the site of the mill pond associated with Busy Cottage Corn Mill (HER 4137). The sluice gate allows the mill race to run under Millfield House through a well-constructed stone tunnel. Presumably contemporary with the mill (1855).
Site Name
Jesmond Dene, Sluice gate behind Millfield House
Site Type: Specific
Sluice Gate
SITE_STAT
Register of Parks and Gardens Grade II
HER Number
5682
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 5682 >> Pers. Comm. Jesmond Dene Rangers, 2004
SURVIVAL
100%
YEAR1
2004
English, British
ADDITINF
N
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
COMP2
Claire MacRae
CONDITION
Fair
Crossref
5005, 4137
DAY1
05
DAY2
23
District
Newcastle
Easting
426190
EASTING2
2610
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MONTH1
3
MONTH2
12
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
566310
NORTHING2
6662
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Jesmond
Description
Millrace from Mabel's Mill (HER 1402) to Deep Dene House Flint Mill (HER 4033) to Busy Cottage Corn Mill (HER 4137), where it ran into a mill pond (HER 5683). Would have been clay lined originally. A large proportion of the race survives as an impressive earthwork. It is best viewed from the modern wooden footbridge which crosses it at NZ2610 6662. A modern sewer runs through it.
Site Type: Broad
Power Generation Site
SITEDESC
Mill race from Mabel's Mill (HER 1402) to Deep Dene House Flint Mill (HER 4033) to Busy Cottage Corn Mill (HER 4137), where it ran into a mill pond (HER 5683). Would have been clay lined originally. A large proportion of the race survives as an impressive earthwork. It is best viewed from the modern wooden footbridge which crosses it at NZ2610 6662. A modern sewer runs through it. Excavation in 2010 by ASUD revealed that the mill race tunnel still carries water from the downpipes on the north side of Millfield House.
Site Name
Busy Cottage Mill, mill race
Site Type: Specific
Mill Race
SITE_STAT
Register of Parks and Gardens Grade II
HER Number
5681
Form of Evidence
Earthwork
Sources
<< HER 5681 >> Pers. Comm. Jesmond Dene Rangers, 2004; Archaeological Services Durham University, 2010, Millfield House, Newcastle upon Tyne - Archaeological Excavation
SURVIVAL
60-79%
YEAR1
2004
YEAR2
2014
English, British
ADDITINF
N
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
COMP2
Claire MacRae
Crossref
5005, 4137
DAY1
05
DAY2
30
District
Newcastle
Easting
426170
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MONTH1
3
MONTH2
6
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
566270
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Jesmond
Description
Site of an ironworks. The first evidence comes from a Plan of the Manor of Heaton 1785 and Whitehead's Directory of 1790 which lists Thomas Menham, Iron and Brass Foundry, Busy Cottage. In June 1790 Thomas Menham died so in June of that year the Newcastle Weekly Chronicle printed this advertisement - "Busy Cottage Forge and Foundry to be sold to the highest bidder…. There is a good dwelling house, brew house, cold bath, several houses for workmen and a garden well planted with fruit trees…". A second auction sold household furniture, 4 horses, a sow and pigs, sundry garden utensils and the use of the garden until November next. Mitchell's Directory of 1801 mentions Sorsbie at Busy Cottage (family from Sheffield with a background of working with iron). Pigot's Directory of 1811 lists Malin Sorsbie, ironfounder, Busy Cottage. The works were described by Baillie in his 'Impartial History of Newcastle' as "a large manufactory of cast and hammered iron, the property of Mr. Malin Sorsbie". Malin's grandson, Jonathan Sorsbie took over the lease in 1819 but died in 1821, when Frederick Malin Lubbren, the son of Malin's daughter, Mary, took over. He was shortly declared bankrupt. Between 1824 and 1842 it was run by Robert Rayne and David Burn. The partners lived on the site, one in what was probably part of Millfield House, the other in Heaton Dene House, now demolished. It is probable that Rayne and Burn had set up New Busy Cottage works nearer the Tyne in Ouse Street, and they seem to have progressed from making small articles of iron to that of wagons for the colliery lines. In 1832 Thomas Miles Richardson painted an attractive watercolour entitled "Busy Cottage Ironworks". In 1842 the lease was surrendered back to Sir Matthew White Ridley who owned the land. By 1855 the ironwork buildings were converted to a corn mill (see HER 4137). In 1858 two workers' cottages were built, which are probably the Busy Cottages (NZ 2612 6640) we see today.
SITEASS
In the burn near Pets Corner lies a rounded stone, possibly a tempering stone from the ironworks, and further downstream you can see iron slag lying in the river. Clinker has been found on the site of the mill pond (HER 5683) behind Millfield House.
Site Type: Broad
Metal Industry Site
SITEDESC
Site of an ironworks. The first evidence comes from a Plan of the Manor of Heaton 1785 and Whitehead's Directory of 1790 which lists Thomas Menham, Iron and Brass Foundry, Busy Cottage. In June 1790 Thomas Menham died so in June of that year the Newcastle Weekly Chronicle printed this advertisement - "Busy Cottage Forge and Foundry to be sold to the highest bidder…. There is a good dwelling house, brew house, cold bath, several houses for workmen and a garden well planted with fruit trees…". A second auction sold household furniture, 4 horses, a sow and pigs, sundry garden utensils and the use of the garden until November next. Mitchell's Directory of 1801 mentions Sorsbie at Busy Cottage (family from Sheffield with a background of working with iron). Pigot's Directory of 1811 lists Malin Sorsbie, ironfounder, Busy Cottage. The works were described by Baillie in his 'Impartial History of Newcastle' as "a large manufactory of cast and hammered iron, the property of Mr. Malin Sorsbie". Malin's grandson, Jonathan Sorsbie took over the lease in 1819 but died in 1821, when Frederick Malin Lubbren, the son of Malin's daughter, Mary, took over. He was shortly declared bankrupt. Between 1824 and 1842 it was run by Robert Rayne and David Burn. The partners lived on the site, one in what was probably part of Millfield House, the other in Heaton Dene House, now demolished. It is probable that Rayne and Burn had set up New Busy Cottage works nearer the Tyne in Ouse Street, and they seem to have progressed from making small articles of iron to that of wagons for the colliery lines. In 1832 Thomas Miles Richardson painted an attractive watercolour entitled "Busy Cottage Ironworks". In 1842 the lease was surrendered back to Sir Matthew White Ridley who owned the land. By 1855 the ironwork buildings were converted to a corn mill (see HER 4137). In 1858 two workers' cottages were built, which are probably the Busy Cottages (NZ 2612 6640) we see today. Rayne and Burn lived in Millfield House and Heaton Dean House.
Site Name
Busy Cottage Iron Works
Site Type: Specific
Iron Works
SITE_STAT
Register of Parks and Gardens Grade II
HER Number
5680
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 5680 >> 1st edition Ordnance Survey Map, 1864, 6 inch scale, Northumberland, 97
I.M. Ayris, & S.M. Linsley, 1994, A Guide to the Industrial Archaeology of Tyne and Wear, p.58
I.M. Ayris, & D. Bolland, Ouseburn Heritage, p.31
The Friends of Jesmond Dene, 1990, Busy Cottage Ironworks, Jesmond Dene, Newsletter No. 27, September 1990; Turnbull, L, 2015, A Celebration of our Mining Heritage
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
2004
YEAR2
2015
English, British
Class
Unassigned
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
20
DAY2
07
District
N Tyneside
Easting
432700
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ37SW
MONTH1
2
MONTH2
11
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
572600
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Iron Age -800 to 43
Place
Earsdon
Description
Tim Gates photographed this site in 1978. Roundhouses are apparently evident inside a rectangular enclosure. However it is known that this field and a wide area around it was subject to open cast coal mining in the latter half of the 20th century. This seems to indicate that the feature seen by Tim Gates could not have been a prehistoric site as the site would already have been opencast.
SITEASS
Check AP for a more accurate NGR.
Site Type: Broad
Archaeological Feature
SITEDESC
Tim Gates photographed this site in 1978. Roundhouses are apparently evident inside a rectangular enclosure. However it is known that this field and a wide area around it was subject to open cast coal mining in the latter half of the 20th century. This seems to indicate that the feature seen by Tim Gates could not have been a prehistoric site as the site would already have been opencast.
Site Name
Earsdon, supposed Rectilinear Enclosure
Site Type: Specific
Site
HER Number
5679
Form of Evidence
Cropmark
Sources
<< HER 5679 >> N. Stevenson, 2002, Newly Discovered Archaeological Sites... at Earsdon Village, North Tyneside, Northern Archaeology, Vol 19, 2002, pp 29-38
Aerial Photograph, T. Gates, 1978, Ref NZ 32 72 -Museum of Antiquities; Scott Wilson, 2010, West Monkseaton - archaeological desk based assessment; D. Richardson, 2011, Earsdon Garage, Bank Top, Earsdon, North Tyneside - Archaeological Desk Based Assessment;
YEAR1
2004
YEAR2
2011