Now demolished but in origin an 18th century industrial building used as a tannery, a once flourishing Tyneside industry of which nothing now remains {1}. Thick sandstone rubble walls with deep openings. Heavy cills, jambs and lintels. Welsh slate roof. Two storeys, and basement at lower end of hill slope, nine bays.19th century glazing or boarded shutters. Some patching with brick at south end and on rear elevation to Mirk Lane. Listed partly as a rare survival of an 18th century industrial building {2}. The remaining tannery buildings were recorded in 2005 ahead of demolition by Peter Ryder and The Archaeological Practice Ltd. The two ranges, formed a triangular block of properties, backed by the infilled arches of High Level Bridge - they were in very poor condition at the time of survey. The structures are shown on the 1860 OS plan as Greene's Tannery. Those on the Mirk Lane frontage were cut through by the 1845-1849 viaduct while those on Bankwell Lane post-date the viaduct and are probably 1850s in date. It appears that by 1873 the building may have been split as George Green & Sons are listed on Banwell Lane with G Redshaw operating on Mirk Lane. The tannery seems to have closed by the 1890s. The 4th edition OS plan lists the premises as 'paper works' while more recent maps simply term the building 'mill' {3}.

Rare example of a now disappeared social phenomenon - the public washhouse - which developed along with other sanitary reforms in the mid Victorian era. 1906-7 by F.H. Holford, City Surveyor. Sandstone ashlar; Welsh slate roof with stone gable copings. Brick chimney. During WW2 the reservoir of water was used by the National Fire Service. The faded sign is still visible next to the door. Building now adapted for badminton. Only one of three pre-1914 swimming baths in Tyne and Wear (the others being Wallsend and Byker). Gibson Street was the fourth public baths built in Newcastle under the Baths and Wash Houses Act 1846 (the aim was to provide individual 'slipper' baths and laundries to combat disease). The building was opened in April 1907. Arthur 'Jack' Jarvis, Olympic swimmer entertained the crowd. The baths cost £28,000. There were separate entrances for men and women with stained glass windows. On the ground floor there are green glazed brick walls. There were 23 slipper baths (only 4 were for women). The swimming pool measured 75 feet x 28 feet. Gibson Street had electricity and water filtration. It had an arched plastered ceiling for improved acoustics. It had amphitheatre seating on both sides, lined at the rear by demountable wooden changing cubicles. The men's entrance retains its original turnstile and ticket windows. Inside the men's entrance hall are four wonderful tile pictures depicting mermaids, a game of water polo, a diver in a striped costume and yachts. Each panel is around four feet x two feet. Lynn Pearson says these are without parallel, even in the palatial historic baths in Manchester, Birmingham and Hull. The two mermaid panels bear the signature of Carter & Co, tile and pottery manufacturers from Dorset. The other two are unsigned. There is a fifth panel which lists the 15 members of the Baths & Wash Houses Committee, the architect and builders, beneath the city's coat of arms. The building is now used for badminton.

Former W.D. and H.O. Wills tobacco manufacturing factory built of red brick and Portland stone in the 1940s but in an Art Deco style designed prior to the Second World War. Manufacturing ended in the 1980s with the national decline in the cigarette market. Now converted to apartments {1}.

Built as a flax mill in 1848 on the site of an earlier corn mill, to the design of John Dobson for the firm of Plummer and Cooke, who previously owned the flax mill on the adjacent site which became Northumberland Lead Works. Flax was used to make linen and sail cloth. Originally steam powered the adjacent freestanding, recently restored chimney (SMR 1840) forms part of the original Dobson complex. Its use as a flax mill was short. In 1866 it was bought by Proctor and Sons and converted to a flour mill. The building was extended in the mid 1870s when two brick warehouses were constructed - one for flour, the other (HER 5149) for grain. The complex is shown on 2nd edition Ordnance Survey map as "Northumberland Mills". Then taken over by Henry Leetham & Sons in 1900. A Miss Carr apparently lived in the garden house next to the big chimney and was employed by Leethams to test each batch of flour by baking small loaves of bread in her oven. The flour mill stood empty for many years until it was taken over by McPhersons Wine and Spirit Merchants in the 1920s, who stored bonded whiskey under the brand name of Cluny. Now internally divided, it has a variety of users, mainly craftspersons or artists and a café bar. Sandstone ashlar, later brick additions and attic storey date to 1870s, Welsh slate roof. The road between mill and chimney is at a much higher level than the internal cobbled yard into which the former coal shoots opened. One of the shoots retains its original metal shutter.

Large detached former manager's house for the Bowes Railway (SMR 1005) and Springwell Colliery (SMR 2599). Built of red brick with Welsh slate roof in 1908. The house is listed because of its association with the adjacent Bowes Railway which is a Scheduled Ancient Monument. The house was subdivided by a previous occupant and for some time acted as the offices for the Bowes Railway Company Limited. It has now been brought back into single private ownership {1}.

A terrace of houses with a chapel set at the centre {1}.

A row of twelve aged miners' cottages built in 1906 for the Durham Aged Miners' Homes Association. Built of yellow brick with bands of red brick and roofs of Welsh slate with decorated red ridge tiles. Each house has one double sash window with stone cill and a central stone mullion. Row of turned wooden posts and brackets on low brick wall supports full-length porch. Chimneys of yellow brick with red brick cornice. Low coped brick walls carrying iron railings enclose garden in front of house. Included for sociological reasons. Whilst not dissimilar to aged miners' homes throughout the region, the added architectural elegance has given this group listed status {1}.

A street of solid stone built two storey houses notable for being served by a tramway from the nearby colliery bringing coal and also taking away refuse from the houses. This type of system was not uncommon in some of the mining communities of South East Northumberland, particularly in Ashington {1}. The houses were built by Montagu Pit.

From the mid 19th century onwards some coal companies prided themselves on building model villages and houses for their workers. These were villages laid out to allow good light and ventilation to the terraces of houses, to encourage better health and sanitation and provide either allotments or gardens. The houses were of a higher standard agricultural workers housing or tenements but retained the marked distinctions between those for the surface and face workers and those for the deputies; and beyond those for the higher pit officials. A typical example is Clara Vale, which has retained the form of the colliery village as developed in the years immediately following the sinking of the mine in 1893 {1}. Until 1893, when Clara Vale pit was sunk, the village site was only occupied by Crawcrook corn mill (HER 3304) and its pond and Stanner House. By 1914 the village was much the same as it is today. Terraced housing is in brick and stone, the former school (now community centre) in white colliery brick with horizontal bands of red brick and Welsh slate roof. The Mining Institute and Mission Room have been demolished. The former Co-op survives at the west end of the village, built of characteristic red brick. Further west are the red brick Edington Cottages. The Methodist Church is the most architecturally distinguished building in the village, built of squared rubble and slate and dated 1908. The entrance elevation has a window with simplified Perpendicular tracery and simple art nouveau glazing. In style the building has hints of Edwardian baroque. Next door is the Sunday School, corrugated iron with porch and rectangular hoodmoulded window openings and painted green. There is little sign of the Clara Vale Pit Yard today, but the pit-head baths (HER 5098) survive and the former fire station in the same banded brick as the school survives. The pit yard is now a nature reserve.

From the mid 19th century onwards some coal companies prided themselves on building model villages and houses for their workers. These were villages laid out to allow good light and ventilation to the terraces of houses, to encourage better health and sanitation and provide either allotments or gardens. The houses were of a higher standard agricultural workers housing or tenements but retained the marked distinctions between those for the surface and face workers and those for the deputies; and beyond those for the higher pit officials. A typical example is Marley Hill - a model village laid out at the turn of the century containing a traditional grid of terraces with large detached houses for the officials, a board school, church, Miner's Welfare Institute and associated facilities and a row of 1930s Aged miners Homes {1}. A colliery was well established here by 1787. It was abandoned between 1815 and 1840 when the older of the two modern shafts was sunk. The original pit village was at Marley Hill Colliery, south of the present village, demolished in the 1960s. The Board School, built in stone and slate with symmetrical wings, mullioned windows and central cupola with school bell and ogree roof, and school house, built in stone with ashlar chimneys and slate roof, were built in 1875. St Cuthbert's Church and vicarage (large plain Victorian villa with pretty stable block) were built in 1877. The church is built of coursed rubble sandstone and slate with grouped lancet windows. All of these buildings are sandstone. All subsequent buildings are brick. The terraces and large houses for colliery officials were begun in 1900. Glamis Terrace was added in the 1930s. The earlier terraces are of industrial red brick with Welsh slate roofs and sandstone cills and lintels. The slightly later Glamis Terrace comprises of two short terraces with end houses projecting and gabled, a mixture of brick, rendering, round-headed door openings and applied timbering to gables. The eight semi-detached aged miner's cottages were opened by Lord Glamis in 1937. They are grouped in a crescent around an open space. Miner's Welfare Hall is built in brown brick with a hint of art deco style. The oldest buildings in Marley Hill are Sandygate Farm and cottages, a much altered group of stone and slate. A brown brick Church Hall has been built on the site of the Mission Room. Whelan's Directory of 1856 describes Marley Hill as a hamlet where there are extensive collieries and coke ovens in the occupancy of John Bowes Esq and Partners. In the village there was a Methodist Chapel and School erected in 1840. Marley Hill was held by a family bearing the local name until about 1539 when it passed by marriage to the Blakistons.