Rectilinear enclosure shown on aerial photographs with a central circular feature. Enclosed homestead, likely to be of Iron Age date. Internal features are evident including partitions and a roundhouse. An entrance is evident on the north-east side. An old field boundary abuts the north east perimeter of the site.

Shiremoor Farm - now converted to public house. Farmhouse faces away from farm buildings. L-plan, 2 storeys, stone, slate roof. Offices in small separate block to rear. Building A - single storey, rubble stone with ashlar dressings and asbestos roof. Presumably originally a cart shed, but the four arches were bricked up and the south door partly blocked in stone. It then became a cow byre, and must have been entered by the later door at the west end. Building B - 2 storey, random ashlar, slate roof, stone water tables. West elevation is main front with central door between 2 windows, and 3 windows over, all with strange ashlar dressings standing proud of wall face. All this suggests perhaps an earlier farmhouse, but in the north gable are 2 doors more indicative of a barn. Had the building two uses? If so which was first? Building C - 2 storey, stone with slate roof. The upper floor has 3 slatted windows above the arched openings. Building D - 2 storey. Two ground floor doors and one window. Only one window upstairs on the yard side. The farm buildings looked all of one period, with some later alterations; farmhouse might be later. Have they abandoned arable farming for milk production at some stage? If so, the gingang (with nice curved stone piers and conical roof) has survived very well. What is the relationship of this farm with the enclosure of Shire Moor? Architectural details suggest that this is probably by John Green for the Duke of Northumberland. The similarities of quoin details and access arrangement is much in alignment with Whorlton Grange Farm - a model dairy farm of the 1850s. If this farm is contemporary with the enclosure of Shire Moor, this would give this argument some chronological backing. It is surprising, however, that a gingang rather than a steam engine was used as a power source at that time {1}. Sensitively converted to a public house and restaurant many of the original features of the farm survive. The serving area of the bar is within the old wheel house. The mid 19th century buildings include a typical arrangement of ranges and fold yards and bear a number of similarities in style to Whorlton Grange (SMR 1933) suggesting the work of John Green {2}.

The farm sits behind a prominent stone boundary wall and a large, green garden. This large sandstone farmhouse has a robust character with sash windows (with exposed weight boxes), a slate roof and stone water tabling. It has two well-mannered extensions - a small garage to the west in rubble stone and handmade brick, and a large single-storey one to the east in stone with a hipped pitched slate roof. The pitched roof rear offshoot has a stone ground floor and a later handmade brick upper storey (in English garden wall bond), which includes a first floor stone window lintel dated 1865.
Good conservation-style rooflights are used on the rear roof slope but some rear replacement windows are 'fake sash' top-hung casements that visually jar against the finer original ones. East Farm's neighbouring U-plan stone barns (1-4 Barns Close) have been sensitively rebuilt for residential use, using brick timber detailing, conservation-style rooflights, new traditionally designed sliding sash windows, a few new window openings, black metal rainwater goods, and a mix of Welsh slate and pantile roofs with discrete ridge vents. There is a block paviour courtyard and boundary walls topped with characteristic triangular copes. A bumper stone survives on one corner of the barn.

The provision of pit head baths was an important development in the social history of the coal mining industry. The principle of pit head baths built by colliery owners met with the approval of the Royal Commission of 1907 but it was the establishment of the British Miners' Welfare Fund under the Mining Industry Act of 1920 which led to the gradual construction of pit head facilities throughout the great Northern Coalfield and other areas of the country. The pit head baths which were built in the 1930s were described by the Miners Welfare Fund as "notable examples of the changes in outlook in industrial planning" (MWF Annual Report 1936). The RCHME's survey of the coal survey 1994, noted that by the time of the nationalisation of the industry in 1947 "around one third of pits had baths, although these did account for 60% of the work-force. Small pits and ones with limited lives tended not to have baths, their owners believing their provision was not worthwhile. The Fund recognised that small pits did pose a problem, producing a number of designs for bath houses to serve as few as twenty-four men". The creation of the National Coal Board and the changing ethos in the role of the employer in the social welfare of the workforce led to a further era of pit head bath construction in the 1950s and early 1960s. As bath buildings developed they were designed to provide a number of other facilities, including boot cleaning rooms, lamprooms, canteens and medical facilities. The pit head baths at Clara Vale are from the post Nationalisation period and illustrate both the above characteristics, being relatively small in scale and formerly providing a range of facilities. The building does not have the architectural interest of examples from the 1930s and is built in a very functional style in red brick, single storey throughout with the exception of the typical raised central water tower. The roofs are either shallow pitched and felted or of flat concrete construction. The rain water good are cast iron and the building retains its metal window frames throughout. A single storey range is connected to the west elevation of the main building and has similar characteristics. Internally some tiling survives marking the area of the former showers, otherwise the building interior has been reused since the closure of the mine. The building is currently empty (November 1995). The only significant alteration to the building externally is the addition of a large vehicle or loading opening to the front (south) elevation. Whilst the materials are in stark contrast to the sandstone and yellow colliery brick of the adjacent rows of housing and of much of the village, there are other minor uses of red brick within the more prominent buildings of the village. The importance of the structure lies in its relationship to the development of the community and its former role in the industry upon which the village was based. Though an important building type in the achievement of social improvements within the 20th century British industrialised economy, surviving examples are becoming rare, not withstanding their potential for conversion. Throughout the former Great Northern Coalfield there are only two listed examples - the former Elemore Colliery Baths, Easington Lane and the former Lynemouth Colliery baths in Northumberland. This is thought to be the only surviving example of former pit head baths within Gateshead. Whilst Clara Vale pit head baths are not of listable quality the building forms as much a part of the village as the Institute and other major buildings which were an intrinsic part of the former mining community. As the justification of the Conservation Area status is based upon the completeness of the survival of the many facets of the mining village, this forms an important element as the pit head baths were the point at which employment in the mine and life in the community were interlinked, where the social responsibilities of the employer to the community were most apparent {1}. The colliery closed in February 1966. The pithead baths were then used by a commercial company. A fire in ?2008 caused significant damage.

In 1995 an earthwork on the scarp above Winlaton Mill was reported by Mr. Bill Farrell as a probable Roman Fort. David Cranstone visited the site in May 1998. The most prominent feature is a bank in the north end of the wood, almost parallel to the Derwent scarp. This appears to return northwest at its north end, but is damaged by former agriculture as it passes into a paddock at the end of the wood, and is then cut off by the railway. The narrow strip between the bank and scarp is occupied by two corrugations parallel to the bank. To the south the bank breaks down into a terrace with a downslope to the south-east. The south end is obscured by dense undergrowth, but there is no sign of any continuation on the same line, whereas two or three corrugations running south-east to north-west form a possible return {1}.

Possible road route suggested by David Cranstone in 1998. He says that modern and historic maps indicate a plausible and topographically well-designed route for a Roman road from Ebchester in County Durham to Washingwells Fort (SMR 143). Much of this line apparently remains visible on modern mapping. From Low Friarside on the County Durham side of the border, the line survives as a series of field boundaries and footpaths. It continues as a track through West Wood then as West Lane and finally as a footpath to Bird Hill. Cranstone says a projection of the line runs slightly south of Washingwells Fort {1}.

The Victoria Works started life as a company called Clarke, Chapman and Gurney in circa 1874. William Clarke had previously owned a small factory at South Shore, Felling in 1864. In 1884 when Mr Gurney resigned, Charles Algernon Parsons bought a junior partnership in the firm. Parsons arrival at the Victoria Works coincided with the company's interest in developing electricity for use on board ship. Park House (SMR 5094), an old mansion, was bought by the company for the development of electricity and Parsons developed his steam turbine in this building. The second edition OS map shows this part of the works as the Sunbeam Lamp Works (SMR 4360) which was formed in 1880. The Company became known as Clarke, Chapman, Parsons & Company until 1888, when Parsons left to further his development of the turbine at Heaton in Newcastle. Steam turbo-dynamos were made by the company. These were mainly used on board ships for electric lighting. The first generating plants were constructed by the company in 1884. In 1893 the Company was incorporated and its name became Clarke, Chapman and Company Limited. The company fitted the Theatre Royal in Newcastle with a Butler gas engine and dynamo for electric lighting in 1895. They manufactured their first electric winch in 1896 {1}.

Site of Park House. Demolished in 1996. Was listed grade 2. Built in 1730 by James Gibbs for Henry Ellison. Fine red brick mansion in Flemish bond with stone dressings. Three storeys, seven bays. The interior had long been gutted apart from two brick passage arches. The building had been in industrial use, forming part of Clarke Chapman's factory. Sir Charles Parsons developed the design of the first steam turbine in secret in this building {1}. The outside walls of Gateshead Park House were still standing in 1973. The site was later part of the Victoria Engineering Works (in 1882 the company was called Clarke, Chapman and Gurney). In 1884 Mr Gurney resigned. In the same year Charles Algernon Parsons bought himself a junior partnership in the firm. Gateshead Park House had just been purchased by the company for the development of electricity. Parsons took over Clarke Chapman's newly organised electrical department. The company now became Clarke, Chapman, Parsons & Company. On April 23rd 1884 Parsons took out his first patent numbers - 6734 and 6735 - covering the design of steam turbo-dynamos. On November 10th 1891 Park House was gutted by fire. The fine staircase shown in W.H. Knowles' "Vestiges of Newcastle and Gateshead", along with the oak panelling, were destroyed {2}. Park House is shown on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey map as an isolated stately home within its own grounds. By the second edition it has been incorporated within the Sunbeam Lamp Works (SMR 4360) which lay just north of the main Victoria Engineering Works buildings. In 1730 James Gibbs designed an addition to Henry Ellison's Park House. The door has Gibb's typical blocked surround.

The name Temple Street marks the presence of a synagogue shown on Oliver's plan of 1838 lying on the junction of Peel Lane and Temple Street. Although there is now no surviving evidence for this synagogue, a Jewish graveyard still lies across Peel Lane to the rear of the present Newcastle Lighting Centre. In 1835, Newcastle's Jewish community had purchased a 250 square yards plot of land north of Thornton Street for use as a burial ground. Within 30 years however this area had been densely developed and the plot was allocated for a new theatre. Despite appeals, the Jewish community lost their battle for their cemetery. They were promised however that the 55 square yards which had already been used would be untouched by development, hence the small site which survives today. Only five grave stones are left, not all in-situ. The Hebrew inscriptions are eroded and only one is legible - it commemorates Matilda Gaskell who died in 1851. Building plans in Tyne and Wear Archives show a proposed walkway across the Jewish cemetery. The proposals were approved and passed by the Town Improvement Committee on 31st August 1892. The ground, restored in 1961 is covered in red gravel.

The name Temple Street marks the presence of a synagogue shown on Oliver's plan of 1838 lying on the junction of Peel Lane and Temple Street. It had a plaque on it which read "JEWS SYNAGOGUE: ERECTED SEPT XIX: VD XC VIII" (i.e. 1838). Although there is now no surviving evidence for this synagogue, as it was demolished in the 1920s, the Jewish graveyard still lies across Peel Lane to the rear of the present Newcastle Lighting Centre (see HER 5093) {1}. A marriage certificate of 1877 and deeds from 1855-1892 relating to this synagogue survive in Tyne and Wear Archives (C/NC56) {2}. In 1908 the building was known as Temple Street Methodist Mission. The plaque is placed outside the Gosforth Synagogue. Thomas Oliver (1844) reports that the 'Jews Temple' was built in 1839 in stone with a polished façade. The adjoining burial ground on the lane leading to Thornton Street was enclosed by a high stone wall. The entrance was in the west elevation. On the right of the entrance was a room and to the left a lobby and a staircase leading to dwelling rooms in the basement and another to the gallery. A door led into the temple which measured 26 feet 9 inches x 19 feet 10 inches. East of the door was a reading desk with a seat in front formed of deal framing. There were 68 stalls on this floor. The gallery had 2 tiers of seats and was used by women. A small room on the south of the staircase landing with the room below and the dwelling rooms in the basement comprised a dwelling house for the priest. Ryder says the building was Temple Hall Mission (Wesleyan) from 1884 until 1935. Demolished and site became a carpark. Formed 13 July 1838. The 1845 congregation comprised 33 adults and 33 children. Closed 1878.