English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
21
DAY2
22
District
Sunderland
Easting
433810
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35SW
MONTH1
03
MONTH2
04
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
551550
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Newbottle
Description
Baker suggests that Newbottle Pottery was founded in the 17th century and was known as "High Newbottle", located in Pottery Yard behind Dial House. It closed in 1878. Broken kilns and works could still be seen in 1890, but the site has since been built over. Pottery waste was dug up there during road widening in 1968. There were two potteries at Newbottle, the other being Low Pottery (HER ref. 4642). Andrew Fletcher, a local historian, has observed a large amount of 18th-19th century pottery kiln wasters, including transfer-printed items, biscuit ware, unfired pottery, saggers, kiln tripods, etc., in a loose spoil tip to the north-west of the High Pottery site. Trial trenching at Emily Street/Front Street in 1992 recovered kiln debris, pottery, hand-made glass bottles, unglazed biscuit wares, kiln tripods and stands, nodules of burnt flint from nearby flint crushing mills, clay tobacco stems showing heat-warping, and used & unused pipe bowls [suggesting perhaps that the kiln was also used by a local clay tobacco pipe maker] – including 4 used bowls of popular mid-19th century identical design. These finds were assumed to be associated with Newbottle High Pottery. Andrew Fletcher has also recorded mounds of "rubble" containing ash, burnt material, pottery sherds, saggars and white clay during water mains renewal work along North Street, Lily and Emily Terraces, etc., in March and April 2002. He has also found hundreds of pieces of pottery in the field to the north of North Street.
SITEASS
Andrew Fletcher recorded mounds of "rubble" containing ash, burnt material, pottery sherds and white clay during water mains renewal work along North Street, Lily and Emily Terraces etc in March and April 2002. A large amount of brown earthenware pottery with pale yellow glaze, white biscuit earthenware some with a transfer print and pieces from saggers were found. He has also found hundreds of pieces of pottery in the field to the north of North Street. These finds presumably represent waste from the potteries. A site visit to inspect foundation trenches for new houses on North Street in April 2002 revealed approximately 20cm of dark brown clay with up to a metre of sandstone rubble above it. In places there was a 20cm layer of orange sandy clay at the base of the section, and in others a 20cm layer of black ash at the top of the section. There were many broken tiles on the site, but few pieces of pottery (a couple of brown earthware sherds with yellow glaze). In the centre of the site there was a concrete and brick basement of a modern building. One trench section was cut by a C19 drain pipe. Clearly there has been recent activity on this site, but there were no finds which could specifically be related to the pottery {4 & 5}.
Site Type: Broad
Pottery Manufacturing Site
SITEDESC
Baker suggests that Newbottle Pottery was founded c1720 and was known as "High Newbottle" in Pottery Yard behind Dial House. There were two potteries at Newbottle, the other was Low Pottery (HER 4642). Newbottle Pottery is mentioned in 1765 as having been worked for many years by the late Mr Henry Wilson to great advantage, making white and brown ware. There was another potter in Newbottle in 1776 called Thomas Byers. Henry Scott & Co ran Newbottle Pottery from 1779 until 1825 when Robert Fairbairns & Co took over. The tithe plan of 1839 shows the High Pottery as Pottery Yard (plot 127). A transfer of deeds in 1850 describes the pottery as consisting of two kilns, several pan-houses, packing houses, warehouse, workmen's houses with an open yard. The premises then belonged to the Earl of Durham. James Beckwith and John Broderick seem to purchase the premises. The partnership was dissolved in 1852. An advert of 1864 lists Newbottle Pottery at fence Houses as the premises of William and Henry Broderick, manufactures of blue, white and brown earthenware. High Pottery closed in 1878. Broken kilns and works could still be seen in 1890. In 1906 Emily Street and Bertha and Lily Terraces were built on the site. Pottery waste was dug up during road widening in 1968 at Pottery Yard {2}. Andrew Fletcher, a local historian from Houghton-le-Spring, is researching the Newbottle Potteries. He has observed a large collection of 18th century-C19 pottery kiln wasters, including transfer-printed items, biscuit ware, unfired pottery, saggers, kiln tripods etc in a loose spoil tip to the north-west of the High Pottery site {1}. Ball suggests that the Newbottle Potteries were founded in 1700 and 1740 {3}. Trial trenching at Emily Street/Front Street in 1992 recovered kiln debris, pottery, hand-made glass bottles, unglazed biscuit wares, kiln tripods and stands. Nodules of burnt flint from nearby flint crushing mills. Clay tobacco stems showing heat-warping, unused pipe bowls [kiln also used by local clay tobacco pipe maker?]. Four heavily used pipe bowls of popular mid 19th century identical design. Finds assumed to be associated with Newbottle High Pottery {6}.
Site Name
High Pottery
Site Type: Specific
Pottery Works
HER Number
4641
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 4641 >> S. Speak, Tyne and Wear Museums, 2001, Short Report
J. Baker, (ed) 1984, Sunderland Pottery, p 43
W. Ball, 1906, Potteries of Sunderland Antiquities of Sunderland, Vol 7, p 38
Pers. Comm. A. Fletcher, 2002, Water Board Replacement of Underground Pipes
J. Morrison, 2002, Note on a site visit to North Street, Newbottle, 18th April 2002
Tyne and Wear Museums, 1992, Exploratory excavations at Newbottle, unpublished report; Andrew D. Fletcher, 2005, The Newbottle Potteries
YEAR1
2002
YEAR2
2002
English, British
Class
Defence
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
22
District
Sunderland
Easting
435710
Grid ref figure
8
HISTORY_TOPIC
World Wars
Map Sheet
NZ35SE
MATERIAL
Brick; Concrete
MONTH1
03
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
551070
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
Second World War 1939 to 1945
Place
Middle Haining
Description
This reinforced concrete WW2 pillbox, constructed in 1940-1, has been converted to become the base of a high radio mast..
SITEASS
The pillbox is the most familiar type of C20 defensive building. Sometimes referred to as defence posts, blockhouses or police posts. Concrete pillboxes were first used by the Russians in the Russo-Japanese War. The concept was copied by the Germans in WW1 and later by the British. The majority of WW2 pillboxes were associated with beach defences, stop-lines and nodal points. Some were sited to defend coastal batteries, airfields, radar stations and factories. More than 18,000 were built during 1940. In June 1940 branch FW3 of the War Office Directorate of Fortifications and Works issued designs for about a dozen standard pillboxes. In practice a multiplicity of designs arose. However most pillboxes consist of a basic squat, heavily constructed building, usually flat-roofed, no more than 1.98m high and quadrilateral, polygonal or circular in plan. There were one or two entrances, sometimes protected by a porch or wall. They all have a series of horizontal slits (firing loops, loopholes or embrasures) to provide interlocking fields of fire over the anticipated direction of attack. Most pillboxes were designed for rifles or light machine guns. More heavily armed examples had Vickers machine guns, anti-tank guns or Hotchkiss guns. Pillbox walls are almost invariably of concrete, sometimes with brick shuttering or stone facing {Defence of Britain Handbook, 1995, pp 79-82}.
Site Type: Broad
Fortification
SITEDESC
Reinforced concrete Second World War pillbox which has been converted to become the base of a high radio mast. Constructed 1940-1 {1}.
Site Name
Middle Haining, Pillbox
Site Type: Specific
Pillbox
HER Number
4640
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 4640 >> Defence of Britain Project, 2002, Defence of Britain Database S0010736
SURVIVAL
80-90%
YEAR1
2002
English, British
Class
Agriculture and Subsistence
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
21
District
Newcastle
Easting
425100
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MATERIAL
Ashlar
MONTH1
03
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
569400
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Gosforth
Description
Three large stone ranges, an engine/boiler house and chimney are all that remain of the Home Farm farmbuildings. The date of the one-time farmhouse, which lies to the south. is uncertain. All of the buildings, except the chimney and part of the engine house are of random ashlar where the walls were intended to be visible, and of rubble elsewhere. The roofs are slate. There is only one certain trace of an earlier building. The three principal buildings now form a single unit with no partitions or upper floors, but were originally divided. The farm is called 'North Gosforth: South Farm' on the 1840 Tithe Map. At that time it was owned by the Trustees of the Rev. Ralph Henry Brandling and occupied by Thomas Charlton. On the first and second editions of the Ordnance Survey Map Series it is called Gosforth Moor House. Along with Low Gosforth Hall, the farm was part of Lot 2 in the ‘Sale Plan and Particulars of Sale of the Brandling Estates’ in 1852. The Moor House Farm consisted of a convenient and substantially built farmhouse, 2 labourers cottages, farmyard with stabling for 8 horses, a cow house, calf house, two hovels with granary over, barn with threshing machine, straw house, etc, and 156 acres of land. The farm developed in the early to mid-19th century and underwent further improvements later in the century. Its motive power changed from the horse engine in a gin-gan to the steam engine. The surviving imposing set of barns was converted to housing in or around 1988.
SITEASS
Farm converted to dwellings circa 1988.
Site Type: Broad
Farm
SITEDESC
Three large stone ranges, an engine/boiler house and chimney are all that remain of the farm buildings. The one-time farmhouse lies to the south. Its date is uncertain. All of the buildings, except the chimney and part of the engine house are of random ashlar where the walls were intended to be visible, and of rubble inside or where once masked by ranges now demolished. The roofs are slate. The roof trusses are king-post braced on to tie beam, all bolted. There is only one certain trace of an earlier building. The three principal buildings now form a single unit with no partitions or upper floors. The existing ground surface is concrete throughout. They were originally divided. The farm is called 'North Gosforth: South Farm' on the 1840 Tithe Award. At that time it was owned by the Trustees of the Rev. Ralph Henry Brandling and occupied by Thomas Charlton. On the OS first and second edition maps it is called Gosforth Moor House. Along with Low Gosforth Hall, the farm was part of Lot 2 in the Sale Plan and Particulars of Sale of the Brandling Estates in 1852. The Moor House Farm consisted of a convenient and substantially built farmhouse, 2 labourers cottages, farmyard with stabling for 8 horses, a cow house, calf house, two hovels with granary over, barn with threshing machine, straw house etc and 156 acres of land {1}. An example of a farm which although developed in early to mid 19th century underwent further improvements later in the century. A farm where the motive power changed from the gingang to the steam engine. The surviving imposing set of barns has been converted to housing {4}.
Site Name
Low Gosforth Home Farm
Site Type: Specific
Farmstead
HER Number
4639
Form of Evidence
Extant Building
Sources
<< HER 4639 >> B. Harbottle & I. Ayris, 1986, Low Gosforth Home Farm
1840, Tithe Award, Northumberland Records Office, DT 357S
1852, Sale Plan and Particulars of Sale of Brandling Estates, Northumberland Records Office, 404/380
I. Ayris & S.M. Linsley, 1994, A Guide to the Industrial Archaeology of Tyne and Wear, p 62
YEAR1
2002
English, British
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
21
District
S Tyneside
Easting
437200
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MATERIAL
Flint
MONTH1
03
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
565100
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Bronze Age -2,600 to -700
Place
South Shields
Description
A Flint Scraper of Bronze Age date was found in South Shields in 2002 and presented to Tyne and Wear Museums for inspection.
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
Flint scraper of Bronze Age date found by a Mr F Anderson of South Shields in 2002 and presented to Tyne and Wear Museums for inspection {1}.
Site Name
Brinkburn Allotments, flint scraper
Site Type: Specific
Scraper
HER Number
4638
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 4638 >> Pers. Comm. C. Hart, 2002, Arbeia Roman Fort
YEAR1
2002
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
693
DAY1
21
District
Gateshead
Easting
420950
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MONTH1
03
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
561350
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Whickham
Description
The Carr Tomb is located on the west side of the porch of the parish church of St Mary the Virgin. It is a box tomb – i.e. an above ground monument which does not contain burials - of standard 18th century type, with moulded base, plain rectangular substructure, and top slab with simple moulded edge. This had decayed, and a larger sandstone slab, bearing what is presumed to be a replica of the original inscription, was superimposed in the 19th or early 20th century. The original limestone top slab was found underneath, although badly decayed and skimmed with cement. The tomb was restored in November 1999 and dismantled under archaeological supervision. The archaeological watching brief demonstrated that the tomb does not conceal the entrance to the family vault. The entrance to the Carr family vault lies beneath a nearby large sandstone slab alongside the west wall of the church porch. The vault is assumed to extend under the north-western part of the enclosure, or perhaps beneath the south aisle of the church.
SITEASS
A relatively plain example of a box tomb. An above ground monument which does not contain burials. Has two brick cross walls inside which presumably spread the weight of the heavy limestone top slab and reduce the pressure on the slab sides of the box. Possibly an original feature of the monument {1}.
Site Type: Broad
Tomb
SITEDESC
The Carr Tomb is located on the west side of the porch of the parish church of St Mary the Virgin. It is a box tomb of standard 18th century type, with moulded base, plain rectangular substructure, and top slab with simply moulded edge. This had decayed, and a larger sandstone slab, bearing what is presumed to be a replica of the original inscription, was superimposed during the 19th century or C20. The original limestone top slab was found underneath, although badly decayed and skimmed with cement. The tomb was restored in November 1999 and dismantled under archaeological supervision. The archaeological watching brief demonstrated that the tomb does not conceal the entrance to the family vault. The entrance to the Carr family vault lies beneath a nearby large sandstone slab alongside the west wall of the church porch. The vault is assumed to extend under the north-western part of the enclosure, or perhaps beneath the south aisle of the church {1}.
Site Name
Church of St Mary the Virgin, The Carr Tomb
Site Type: Specific
Tomb
HER Number
4637
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 4637 >> P.F. Ryder, 1999, The Carr Tomb, St Mary the Virgin, Whickham, Archaeological Recording during Restoration, November 1999
YEAR1
2002
English, British
Class
Communications
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
20
District
Newcastle
Easting
425450
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MONTH1
03
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
565980
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Jesmond
Description
Newcastle's only hexagonal "Penfold" pillar box was erected in the period 1872-9. The type, which is one of the earliest, was named after the designer, Mr J.W. Penfold, and was introduced in 1866. In 1879 the more familiar cylindrical shape was adopted (or more accurately reintroduced, as the earliest boxes introduced by the novelist Anthony Trollope, who was also a Post Office Surveyor's Clerk, were also cylindrical). Pillar box. Between 1872 and 1879. Octagonal box of third Penfold type; plinth with moulded coping; high band with slot flanked by POST and OFFICE; moulded cornice; leaf-decorated low ogee top with bud finial, VR monogram below frame for list of collection times. Founder's name on plinth illegible under thick paint. LISTED GRADE 2
Site Type: Broad
Postal System Structure
SITEDESC
Newcastle's only hexagonal "Penfold" pillar box, erected 1872-9. The type, which is one of the earliest, was named after the designer, Mr J.W. Penfold, and was introduced in 1866. In 1879 the more familiar cylindrical shape was adopted, or more accurately readopted, as the earliest boxes introduced by the novelist Anthony Trollope, who was also a Post Office Surveyor's Clerk, were also cylindrical {1}. Pillar box. Between 1872 and 1879. Octagonal box of third Penfold type; plinth
with moulded coping; high band with slot flanked by POST and OFFICE; moulded
cornice; leaf-decorated low ogee top with bud finial, VR monogram below frame
for list of collection times. Founder's name on plinth illegible under thick
paint.
Site Name
Osborne Avenue, Penfold Pillar Box
Site Type: Specific
Pillar Box
SITE_STAT
Listed Building Grade II
HER Number
4636
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 4636 >> I. Ayris & S.M. Linsley, 1994, A Guide to the Industrial Archaeology of Tyne and Wear, p 35; Department of National Heritage, List of Buildings of Special Architectural and Historic Interest, 9/435; Alan Morgan, 2010, Jesmond from mines to mansions, page 109
YEAR1
2002
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Communications
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
20
District
Newcastle
Easting
425607
Grid ref figure
10
Map Sheet
NZ26NE
MONTH1
03
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
565208
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
Mid 20th Century 1933 to 1966
Place
Sandyford
Description
This Pillar box at the junction of Chester Crescent and Sandyford Road dates from, and bears the motif of, the short reign of Edward VIII. LOCAL LIST
Site Type: Broad
Postal System Structure
SITEDESC
Pillar box at junction of Chester Crescent and Sandyford Road - a very rare example of a post box erected in 1936 - the one solitary year of the short reign of Edward VIII. The Royal insignia reads "E VIII R".
The pillar box has been moved to the east side of Portland Road opposite 15 Chester Crescent.
Site Name
Chester Crescent, Pillar Box
Site Type: Specific
Pillar Box
SITE_STAT
Local List
HER Number
4635
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 4635 >> I. Ayris & S.M. Linsley, 1994, A Guide to the Industrial Archaeology of Tyne and Wear, p 35; Christopher Goulding, 1995, Hidden Newcastle, p 7.
YEAR1
2002
English, British
ADDITINF
Y
Class
Communications
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
20
DAY2
27
District
N Tyneside
Easting
435730
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ37SE
MATERIAL
Cast Iron
MONTH1
03
MONTH2
07
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
571880
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
Early 20th Century 1901 to 1932
Place
Whitley Bay
Description
Thought by many to be an important part of the functional and decorative fabric of British streets, the red telephone box is becoming a rare sight. Two of the most prestigious designs known as the K2 and K5 models were by Giles Gilbert Scott who also designed, among other things, Battersea Power Station and Liverpool Cathedral. In front of Whitley bay Railway Station stands an even rarer K4, whose design incorporated not only a telephone kiosk but also a letter posting box and stamp selling machine, and is now one of only a very small number surviving in the country. LISTED GRADE 2
Site Type: Broad
Telecommunication Structure
SITEDESC
Thought by many to be an important part of the functional and decorative fabric of British streets, the red telephone box is becoming a rare sight. Two of the most prestigious designs known as the K2 and K5 models were by Giles Gilbert Scott who also designed , among other things, Battersea Power Station and Liverpool Cathedral. In front of Whitley bay Station stands an even rarer K4, whose design incorporated not only a telephone kiosk but also a letter posting box and stamp selling machine and is now one of only a very small number surviving in the country {1}. 1930 or later. Type K4: cast iron, painted red. Three top panels with perforated crowns for ventilation. Stamp selling machines and posting box to rear. 18 pane windows to three sides, all in fluted surrounds with panels beneath.
Site Name
Station Road, K4 Telephone Box
Site Type: Specific
Telephone Box
SITE_STAT
Listed Building Grade II
HER Number
4634
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 4634 >> I. Ayris & S.M. Linsley, 1994, A Guide to the Industrial Archaeology of Tyne and Wear, p 35; Department of National Heritage, List of Buildings of Special Architectural or Historic Interest, 4/190
SURVIVAL
100%
YEAR1
2002
YEAR2
2005
English, British
Class
Gardens Parks and Urban Spaces
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
20
District
Newcastle
Easting
424800
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MATERIAL
Cast Iron
MONTH1
03
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564300
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
Early 20th Century 1901 to 1932
Place
Newcastle
Description
Outside the premises of Mawson, Swan and Morgan, now Waterstone's, stand ten lamp standards (six on Grey Street and four on Hood Street) dating from 1902-4, by W.H. Knowles and T.R. Milburn. Originally constructed as gas lamps in cast iron, with tapering hexagonal fluted shafts, the lights have now been converted - appropriately outside Swan's former building - to electricity.
Site Type: Broad
Street Furniture
SITEDESC
Outside the premises of Mawson, Swan and Morgan, now Waterstone's, stand ten lamp standards (six on Grey Street and four on Hood Street) dating from 1902-4 by W.H. Knowles and T.R. Milburn. Constructed as gas lamps in cast iron with tapering hexagonal fluted shafts, the lights have now been converted - appropriately outside Swan's former building - to electricity {1}.
Site Name
Grey Street and Hood Street, Gas Lamps
Site Type: Specific
Gas Lamp
HER Number
4633
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 4633 >> I. Ayris & S.M. Linsley, 1994, A Guide to the Industrial Archaeology of Tyne and Wear, p 34
YEAR1
2002
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Gardens Parks and Urban Spaces
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
20
District
Gateshead
Easting
415100
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ16SE
MATERIAL
Cast Iron
MONTH1
03
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564700
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Ryton
Description
A series of four fluted cast iron 19th century gas lamp posts stand on the North side of the Green in the vicinity of Ryton church (HER ref. 628).
Site Type: Broad
Street Furniture
SITEDESC
A series of four fluted cast iron 19th century gas lamp posts stand on the North side of the Green in the vicinity of the church (SMR 628) {1}.
Site Name
The Green, Gas Lamp
Site Type: Specific
Gas Lamp
HER Number
4632
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
<< HER 4632 >> I. Ayris & S.M. Linsley, 1994, A Guide to the Industrial Archaeology of Tyne and Wear, p 34
YEAR1
2002