Stone pillars and arched head gateway constructed as part of the 1895 improvement scheme which saw the enlargement and enhancement of the North Durham Cricket Club (later Rugby Ground). The keystone is carved (east) with a mouldboard plough with 'PERSEVERANCE' above and (west) with a ?hound standing above a bunch of grapes or berries. The iconography has not been deciphered.
Site Type: Broad
Sports Ground
SITEDESC
Stone pillars and arched head gateway constructed as part of the 1895 improvement scheme which saw the enlargement and enhancement of the North Durham Cricket Club (later Rugby Ground). The keystone is carved (east) with a mouldboard plough with 'PERSEVERANCE' above and (west) with a ?hound standing above a bunch of grapes or berries. The iconography has not been deciphered. A further entrance was constructed at the north-west corner at Alexandra Road (now gone). These two entrances charged 1/- for entry. Sixpenny entrances could be found at the south-east corner close to St. Columba's Church (HER 16110). A separate 'Volunteers Entrance' was situated in the north boundary wall connecting the 5th Battalion D.R.V. Drill Hall (HER 16108) with the new ground.
St. Columba's Mission Church, 1892, occupied a small corner of the former Drill Field (HER16109). Held congregation of 500. Demolished c.1969 after photographic recording of the interior by Turners of Newcastle.
Site Type: Broad
Place of Worship
SITEDESC
St. Columba's Mission Church, 1892, occupied a small corner of the former Drill Field (HER16109). Held congregation of 500. Demolished c.1969 after photographic recording of the interior by Turners of Newcastle.
Boundary wall and gateway to bowling green (HER15078). The wall is of coursed sandstone rubble with pitched sandstone coping along the north, west and south sides.To the east the wall is of brick and contains an entrance flanked by sandstone gate pillars. This has been infilled in late 20th century brick but incorporates an earlier door, and an original stone plaque with the works 'Bowling Green 1865'.
Site Type: Broad
Boundary
SITEDESC
Boundary wall and gateway to bowling green (HER15078). The wall is of coursed sandstone rubble with pitched sandstone coping along the north, west and south sides. To the east the wall is of brick and contains an entrance flanked by sandstone gate pillars. This has been infilled in late 20th century brick but incorporates an earlier door, and an original stone plaque with the works 'Bowling Green 1865'.
Dill Hall built 1885 for 5th Battallion Durham Rifle Volunteers. Nationally, drill halls were first built for the Rifle Volunteer Corps which was established in 1859-60 when invasion from France was feared. They offered a combination of social and sporting activities. The hall had a Drill Field attached which functioned until c.1895 when it became part of Durham Rugby Union ground. By 1940 the Drill Hall was used by the 9th Battalion Durham Light Infantry (TA) and it seems to have remained a TA depot until demolition in the 1980s.
Site Type: Broad
Military Training Site
SITEDESC
Dill Hall built 1885 for 5th Battalion Durham Rifle Volunteers. Nationally, drill halls were first built for the Rifle Volunteer Corps which was established in 1859-60 when invasion from France was feared. They offered a combination of social and sporting activities. The hall had a Drill Field (known as the Rifle Drill Field) attached functioned until c.1895 when it became part of Durham Rugby Union ground formerly North Durham Cricket Club (HER15787). By 1940 the Drill Hall was used by the 9th Battalion Durham Light Infantry (TA) and it seems to have remained a TA depot until demolition in the early 1980s. Replaced by Masonic Hall.
During excavations at 46-54 The Close in 2004 a vertical-sided and flat-bottomed pit was recorded, cut into the natural clay. It was 0.45m deep. In the base was a white lime-rich deposit containing organic matter. Two 13th century leather randed turnshoes with plaited grass insoles were recovered from this layer. The pit had periodically been cleaned out, leaving a rising lip of lime-rich material around the edges. The pit was then in-fiiled with dump deposits of various colour, which were rich in organic material such as hazelnut shell and bone. These deposits had been truncated by a later, more irregular pit, 0.25m deep and over 0.95m wide, lined with wattle. More wattle was present around a deposit of large tightly packed stones. The wattle was radiocarbon dated to 1030 to 1230 cal AD. Pot sherds dating from the 13th to early 14th centuries were found in both pits. A construction date towards the end of the radiocarbon range is the only plausible option. In the centre of the trench a possible post-pad, made up of four large flat stone slabs was cut into the natural subsoil. Around these was a dark brown sandy-silt containing a sherd of early 13th to mid 14th century pottery. Almost the whole trench was covered by a fribale red and black deposit made up of burnt sand and charcoal up to 60mm thick. Charred oat and wheat grains were found in this deposit. The excavators suggest that the large rectangular pit was a liming pit for a tannery. The shoes were finished products so do not necessarily imply that the tannery was for the production of shoe leather.
Site Type: Broad
Leather Industry Site
SITEDESC
During excavations at 46-54 The Close in 2004 a vertical-sided and flat-bottomed pit was recorded, cut into the natural clay. It was 0.45m deep. In the base was a white lime-rich deposit containing organic matter. Two 13th century leather randed turnshoes with plaited grass insoles were recovered from this layer. The pit had periodically been cleaned out, leaving a rising lip of lime-rich material around the edges. The pit was then in-filled with dump deposits of various colour, which were rich in organic material such as hazelnut shell and bone. These deposits had been truncated by a later, more irregular pit, 0.25m deep and over 0.95m wide, lined with wattle. More wattle was present around a deposit of large tightly packed stones. The wattle was radiocarbon dated to 1030 to 1230 cal AD. Pot sherds dating from the 13th to early 14th centuries were found in both pits. A construction date towards the end of the radiocarbon range is the only plausible option. In the centre of the trench a possible post-pad, made up of four large flat stone slabs was cut into the natural subsoil. Around these was a dark brown sandy-silt containing a sherd of early 13th to mid 14th century pottery. Almost the whole trench was covered by a friable red and black deposit made up of burnt sand and charcoal up to 60mm thick. Charred oat and wheat grains were found in this deposit. The excavators suggest that the large rectangular pit was a liming pit for a tannery. The shoes were finished products so do not necessarily imply that the tannery was for the production of shoe leather. Dated C13th.
Site Name
The Close, tanning pits
Site Type: Specific
Tanning Pit
HER Number
16107
Form of Evidence
Physical Evidence
Sources
A.C. Platell from a draft by J.L. Mole, 2013, Excavations at 46-54 The Close, Newcastle upon Tyne, Archaeologia Aeliana, Fifth Series, Volume 42, pp181-206
YEAR1
2014
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Claire MacRae
DAY1
26
District
Gateshead
Easting
427130
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MATERIAL
Brick
MONTH1
2
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
562180
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Felling
Description
Stone workshops and car sales outlet, the remnant of a larger structure constructed by Walter Scott as a printing works. Subsequent to its use as a printing works the building hosted a number of other industrial concerns including Adamson and Green. This building was subject to several fires which had reduced the complex to its present size by 1960. The most interesting feature of the building was the extensive use of cast-iron columns, mostly submerged within later brick walls. The building was recorded prior to its demolition in 2009.
SITEASS
The stone building was noted as attractive but delapidated prior to demolition. The northerm most wall had been replaced in brick.
Site Type: Broad
Printing and Publishing Site
SITEDESC
Stone workshops and car sales outlet, the remnant of a larger structure constructed by Walter Scott as a printing works. Subsequent to its use as a printing works the building hosted a number of other industrial concerns including Adamson and Green. This building was subject to several fires which had reduced the complex to its present size by 1960. The most interesting feature of the building was the extensive use of cast-iron columns, mostly submerged within later brick walls. The building and columns were recorded prior to demolition in 2008 & 2009.
Site Name
Sunderland Road, printing works
Site Type: Specific
Printing Works
HER Number
16106
Form of Evidence
Demolished Building
Sources
Alan Williams Archaeology, 2009, Workshops at Sunderland Road Used Car Sales, Felling, Gateshead, Historic Buildings Recording, Alan Williams Archaeology, 2008, Workshops at Sunderland Road Used Car Sales, Felling, Gateshead, Historic Buildings Recording
YEAR1
2014
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Defence
COMP1
Claire MacRae
Crossref
7524
DAY1
26
District
Gateshead
Easting
425720
Grid ref figure
8
LANDUSE
Building
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MATERIAL
Brick, concrete
MONTH1
2
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
560580
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
Mid 20th Century 1933 to 1966
Place
Gateshead
Description
Air raid shelter at the Joicey Road Open Air School (HER7524, GII listed). The air raid shelter is in an existing service duct and was inaccessible at the time of the photographic recording of the school. The shelter was rectangular in plan measuring 11.5 x .29m externally. It was constructed of brick with a concrete roof and floor. The shelter had an internal wall and two small comprtaments - perhaps toilets.
Site Type: Broad
Civil Defence Site
SITEDESC
The air raid shelter is a plain rectangle in plan, set north-south and measuring 11.54 by 2.93 m externally over brick walls 0.37 m thick built of orange brick in English Garden Wall Bond 1 & 3; the roof is flat slab of concrete 140 mm thick. It is 1.80- m high internally (15 courses of brick) above over a concrete floor; externally it is sunk into the ground, so that its walls are generally c 1.0 m high. The entrance is at the north end of the west wall and is protected by an external open lobby extending north towards the main buildings, 1.5 m wide and 4.57 m long; its west wall steps down in height from
1.55 m to 0.79 m, whilst its east wall has a ramped coping. Straight joints show that this lobby is a secondary addition, and it has walls of fawn brick, in the same bond as the main structure. Set centrally at the south end is a detached pier of fawn brick walling, 1.39 m long and 0.37 m thick, 0.75 out from the main wall, and rising to the same height. Its function is uncertain, unless to deflect blast from the ventilation grille in the end wall. The shelter itself has an internal baffle wall at its north end, and two small compartments partitioned off buy single-skin walling in its southern angles, perhaps for toilets. It is
ventilated by rectangular openings c 220 mm wide and 170 mm high, fitted with terracotta grilles (now mostly broken away) on both internal and external wall faces; there are four of these, evenly spaced, in each side wall, and one set centrally in each end. Internally the only other structural feature is that the third course of brickwork above the floor projects for 110 mm, possibly to carry the inner edge of a low wooden bench/seat.
Site Name
Joicey Road Open Air School, air raid shelter
Site Type: Specific
Air Raid Shelter
HER Number
16105
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
The Archaeological Practice Ltd. 2010, Joicey Road Open Air School Air Raid Shelter, Gateshead, Historic Buildings Recording
YEAR1
2014
English, British
Class
Domestic
COMP1
Claire MacRae
Crossref
9757
DAY1
03
District
Gateshead
Easting
423200
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SW
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
562130
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
Late 20th Century 1967 to 2000
Place
Dunston
Description
Ravensworth Road Estate was built between 1969 and 1973 by the Owen Luder Partnership for Whickham Urban District Council. The estate consisted of low-medium rise blocks of flats, maisonettes, and some houses, with a single high-rise 'point block', the 29 storey late 'Brutalist' style Derwent Tower (HER9757).The estate was altered in 1985 as part of the DoE's Estate Action initiative. Further upgrades were made during the 1980s and 90s. By 1990 the estate had been reduced to half of its original size.The surviving buildings of the estate were recorded in 2010 ahead of demolition.
Site Type: Broad
Settlement
SITEDESC
Ravensworth Road Estate was built between 1969 and 1973 by the Owen Luder Partnership for Whickham Urban District Council. The estate consisted of low-medium rise blocks of flats, maisonettes, and some houses, with a single high-rise 'point block', the 29 storey late 'Brutalist' style Derwent Tower (HER9757).The estate was altered in 1985 as part of the DoE's Estate Action initiative. Further upgrades were made during the 1980s including key pad entry systems. All flat roofs were replaced by pitched pantile roofs and the majority of buildings were re-fenestrated. By 1990 the estate had been reduced to half of its original size. The surviving buildings of the estate were recorded in 2010 ahead of demolition. The recording included the remaining buildings of Cheviot Green, Derwent Tower and Cleveland Mews as well as the social club which still survives.
Tall retaining wall. The wall features stone below and brick above. The west face of the upper section of the wall is seen from Ouseburn Street, standing c.2.5m high, of old brown brick, with some patching and repair in bright orange, late 20th century brick.
SITEASS
Difficult to access (2010) through vegetation and the area being enclosed by a tall steel fence.
Site Type: Broad
Barrier
SITEDESC
To the north of the ruined north range (HER 16102) the tall retaining wall continues, stone below and brick above, but was difficult of access at the time of survey both through vegetation and through the area being enclosed by a tall steel fence. The opposite (west) face of the upper section of wall is seen from Ouseburn Street; standing c 2.5 m high, it is of old brown brick, with some patching and repair in bright orange late-20th century brick.
Site Name
Lower Steenberg's Yard, retaining wall
Site Type: Specific
Revetment
HER Number
16103
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
The Archaeological Practice Ltd. 2010, Maynard's Toffee Factory, Ouseburn, Newcastle upon Tyne, Historic Buildings Recording Phase 2; ASUD, 2018, Steenberg's Yard, Ouse St - Building Recording; Archaeological Services Durham University, 2018. Lower Steenberg's Yard, Ouse Street, Newcastle upon Tyne archaeological building recording, report 4919, HER4834
YEAR1
2014
English, British
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Unassigned
COMP1
Claire MacRae
COMP2
Claire MacRae
Crossref
5472, 16100, 16101, 11417
DAY1
26
DAY2
12
District
Newcastle
Easting
426330
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ26SE
MATERIAL
Brick
MONTH1
2
MONTH2
5
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
564260
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Ouseburn
Description
The rectangular brick building backing into the valley side north-east of the chimney stack and north of 'the cottage' structure have recently been demolished. The front wall, articulated by big projecting buttresses, was of three bays. The first had a slit vent at midheight, the second an arch of odd asymmetric form, and the third a taller arch of which only the springing remained. The buttresses at the ends of the wall formed piers for transverse arches spanning the width of the building. The lower part of the rear wall of the building was of stone; in the second bay this was pierced by a low opening into a partly-infilled chamber under a segmental brick vault; there was a similar but shallower chamber in the more ruinous third (north-eastern) bay which in this case has a stone rear wall, in which there appeared to be an opening infilled in old brick; only a fragment remained of the upper part of the wall, which is thinner and of brick. At a higher level there were remains of a sloping floor or platform of reinforced concrete supported on transverse girders. The former ruinous north wall of the building was on the line of a taller wall running south-west to join the main retaining wall; this had clearly formed the south-east end of a larger structure extending to the north-west (outside the area covered by this survey); the retaining wall had formed its rear wall, and its upper floor had been carried on heavy transverse girders, the sawn-off stubs remained. The end wall, stone below and brick above, had various openings and had been infilled in relatively recent brick.
The stone-built part of this building appears to be associated with the line of buildings, also including the ‘cottage’, which appears on maps from as early as the later 18th century, but the brick-fronted part was clearly much later and may have been associated with the ‘oil depot’ which occupied this part of the site for all or much of the first half of the 20th century.
Site Type: Broad
Building
SITEDESC
The rectangular brick building backing into the valley side north-east of the chimney stack and north of 'the cottage' structure have recently been demolished. The front wall, articulated by big projecting buttresses, was of three bays. The first had a slit vent at midheight, the second an arch of odd asymmetric form, and the third a taller arch of which only the springing remained. The buttresses at the ends of the wall formed piers for transverse arches spanning the width of the building. The lower part of the rear wall of the building was of stone; in the second bay this was pierced by a low opening into a partly-infilled chamber under a segmental brick vault; there was a similar but shallower chamber in the more ruinous third (north-eastern) bay which in this case has a stone rear wall, in which there appeared to be an opening infilled in old brick; only a fragment remained of the upper part of the wall, which is thinner and of brick. At a higher level there were remains of a sloping floor or platform of reinforced concrete supported on transverse girders. The former ruinous north wall of the building was on the line of a taller wall running south-west to join the main retaining wall; this had clearly formed the south-east end of a larger structure extending to the north-west (outside the area covered by this survey); the retaining wall had formed its rear wall, and its upper floor had been carried on heavy transverse girders, the sawn-off stubs remained. The end wall, stone below and brick above, had various openings and had been infilled in relatively recent brick.
The stone-built part of this building appears to be associated with the line of buildings, also including the ‘cottage’, which appears on maps from as early as the later 18th century, but the brick-fronted part was clearly much later and may have been associated with the ‘oil depot’ which occupied this part of the site for all or much of the first half of the 20th century.
Site Name
Lower Steenberg's Yard, northern building range
Site Type: Specific
Building
HER Number
16102
Form of Evidence
Demolished Building
Sources
The Archaeological Practice Ltd. 2010, Maynard's Toffee Factory, Ouseburn, Newcastle upon Tyne, Historic Buildings Recording Phase 2; The Archaeological Practice Ltd. 2012, Maynard's Toffee Factory, Ouseburn, Newcastle upon Tyne, Archaeological Watching Brief and Historic Buildings Recording