English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Fair
DAY1
10
District
Gateshead
Easting
417050
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ16SE
MATERIAL
Brick
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
562580
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
Early 20th Century 1901 to 1932
Place
Blaydon Burn
Description
A substantial 'L' shaped brick structure first shown on the 3rd edition OS revision of 1913-14, and again on the 4th edition of 1940, and associated with Blaydon Burn Colliery. Presumably built by Priestman Collieries between 1900 and 1914.

The surviving structure comprises a high brick wall set on a slope behind retaining wall (26). This wall stands 7 - 8m high and measured approximately 12m east to west (Plate 40). It is constructed predominately of unmarked red housebricks, although, Lily bricks and Hannington and Benson firebricks are also incorporated. The east facing return wall is of the same construction and appears to have continued downhill towards the brick extension at the end of (26). The scar of a east to west internal partition wall can be clearly seen on this face (Plate 41), and similarly traced on the gound. Both extant walls featured a series of square holes placed at regular intervals. Unlike the drainage holes found elsewhere on the site these sockets incorporated the remains of a iron rods (sawn off) which probably formed a grid across the structure to hold a screening mesh.

The rear of the structure was formed by the valley bank, above which was the coal tip at the end of the upper waggonway (24). A branch of the waggonway is shown on the 3rd ed. OS as running into the rear of the structure for delivering coal to be tipped into the screens and then the sorted material transported to the adjacent coking works below. The interior of the building is at present choked with brick and rubble but there are coal residues visible on the surface of the walls. A series of brick buttress run along the eastern side of the building to the rear of the main east-west wall.","063-066","Fair, extensive collapse and rubble in interior."
SITEASS
Fair condition, extensive collapse and rubble in interior
Site Type: Broad
Coal Mining Site
SITEDESC
A substantial 'L' shaped brick structure first shown on the 3rd edition OS revision of 1913-14, and again on the 4th edition of 1940, and associated with Blaydon Burn Colliery. Presumably built by Priestman Collieries between 1900 and 1914.

The surviving structure comprises a high brick wall set on a slope behind retaining wall (26). This wall stands 7 - 8m high and measured approximately 12m east to west (Plate 40). It is constructed predominately of unmarked red housebricks, although, Lily bricks and Hannington and Benson firebricks are also incorporated. The east facing return wall is of the same construction and appears to have continued downhill towards the brick extension at the end of (26). The scar of a east to west internal partition wall can be clearly seen on this face (Plate 41), and similarly traced on the gound. Both extant walls featured a series of square holes placed at regular intervals. Unlike the drainage holes found elsewhere on the site these sockets incorporated the remains of a iron rods (sawn off) which probably formed a grid across the structure to hold a screening mesh.

The rear of the structure was formed by the valley bank, above which was the coal tip at the end of the upper waggonway (24). A branch of the waggonway is shown on the 3rd ed. OS as running into the rear of the structure for delivering coal to be tipped into the screens and then the sorted material transported to the adjacent coking works below. The interior of the building is at present choked with brick and rubble but there are coal residues visible on the surface of the walls. A series of brick buttress run along the eastern side of the building to the rear of the main east-west wall.","063-066","Fair, extensive collapse and rubble in interior."
Site Name
Blaydon Burn, brick building (coal screen?)
Site Type: Specific
Coal Screen
HER Number
8425
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
Northern Archaeological Associates & Northern Counties Archaeological Services, 2005, Blaydon Burn, Gateshead - Archaeological Desk Based Assessment and Building Survey of Industrial Structures
SURVIVAL
40-59%
YEAR1
2006
English, British
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Poor
DAY1
10
District
Gateshead
Easting
416800
EASTING2
1686
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ16SE
MATERIAL
Brick; Sandstone
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
562370
NORTHING2
6239
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Blaydon Burn
Description
An extensive stretch of retaining wall which defines the north side of the central waggonway (14). This feature does not appear as a distinct wall line on the historic mapping until the 1914 (OS 3) although parts probably date to the foundation of the waggonway in the early 19th century. The wall shows multiple phases of build and re-build along a length of some 250m running from southwest to northeast. It starts at the point where the upper wagonway (24) joins the central track (Plate 28) and continues northeast until just before building (27). The wall incorporates a large number of different builds and it is difficult to determine an original phases running along the whole length. Instead the wall appears to have been built in a piecemeal fashion to meet the changing demands of the industries in the area.

At the south western end the wall is very similar in form to retaining walls found elsewhere at this end of the site (Plate 28). It was constructed of sandstone rubble, fairly regularly coursed with some squared blocks. This is replaced by brickwork further to the east (Plate 32). The brick walling is largely constructed of firebrick, bonded quite randomly but tied through at certain points by a short line of header bricks. In some areas large holes have appeared in the brickwork which has exposed the construction as being some four courses thick set back into the bank. The wall was topped by a course of concrete coping stones.

In between the brick and sandstone builds the front of the feature has been faced with shuttered concrete (Plate 32). These of three forms of build are repeated at various stages along the length of the wall (Plate 33). In parts the wall is quite haphazardly built incoporating a range of bricks, unworked or worked stone and concrete. In general it measures approximately 2.50m high although it increases in height gradually towards the north eastern end. At this point the wall protrudes out from the valley bank to form a narrow platform and increases in height to over three metres.

Approxmately 20 metres southwest of the northeastern end of wall (26) are the remains of the coal drop (28) (Figure 15). Just southwest of this is a flight of stairs providing access from the central track to the platform above (Plate 34). The wall build here incoporates more regular squared sandstone blocks with a series of square drainage holes spaced evenly along the surface. The bricks steps leading to the upper platform have clearly been inserted at a later date, probably when the coal drop was added.

Northeast of the coal drop the retaining wall becomes quite different in form from that elsewhere. There is a concentration of large worked sandstone blocks which appear clearly to have come from an earlier building in the vicinity (Plate 35 and 36). The masonry blocks are worked with a rusiticated face surrounded by a plain drafted border. They varying in size, the largest measuring 1.05 x 0.45m, and a number included circular indentations, presumably from when they were lifted for use in the present structure as the holes largely appear on the worked 'finished' side. One stone includes a rectangular Lewis hole and two others included a 'benchmark' carving, probably a mason's mark (Plate 37).

In addition to the worked masonry blocks, this section of wall is largely constructed of rectangular stone blocks which featured a central 'v' shaped groove (Plate 38). These stones have been obviously re-used but there original function is not known. Each has a width of 0.15m but vary considerably in length and the majority appeared to be broken off from something much larger.

The end of the retaining wall has been strengthened by masonry clearly added at a later date (possibly quite recently). This is very finely jointed and mortared unlike the stonework found elsewhere in the wall. The short return wall (east facing) behind the masonry façade was brick built and adjoined a 10m, south facing, brick extension wall set just behind the main retaining wall (Plate 39). The build used in this wall is very similar to that incorporated in Building (27) and is almost certainly contemporary.","043-062","Variable, poor in places."
Site Type: Broad
Barrier
SITEDESC
An extensive stretch of retaining wall which defines the north side of the central waggonway (14). This feature does not appear as a distinct wall line on the historic mapping until the 1914 (OS 3) although parts probably date to the foundation of the waggonway in the early 19th century. The wall shows multiple phases of build and re-build along a length of some 250m running from southwest to northeast. It starts at the point where the upper wagonway (24) joins the central track (Plate 28) and continues northeast until just before building (27). The wall incorporates a large number of different builds and it is difficult to determine an original phases running along the whole length. Instead the wall appears to have been built in a piecemeal fashion to meet the changing demands of the industries in the area.
At the south western end the wall is very similar in form to retaining walls found elsewhere at this end of the site (Plate 28). It was constructed of sandstone rubble, fairly regularly coursed with some squared blocks. This is replaced by brickwork further to the east (Plate 32). The brick walling is largely constructed of firebrick, bonded quite randomly but tied through at certain points by a short line of header bricks. In some areas large holes have appeared in the brickwork which has exposed the construction as being some four courses thick set back into the bank. The wall was topped by a course of concrete coping stones.
In between the brick and sandstone builds the front of the feature has been faced with shuttered concrete (Plate 32). These of three forms of build are repeated at various stages along the length of the wall (Plate 33). In parts the wall is quite haphazardly built incorporating a range of bricks, unworked or worked stone and concrete. In general it measures approximately 2.50m high although it increases in height gradually towards the north eastern end. At this point the wall protrudes out from the valley bank to form a narrow platform and increases in height to over three metres.
Approximately 20 metres southwest of the northeastern end of wall (26) are the remains of the coal drop (28) (Figure 15). Just southwest of this is a flight of stairs providing access from the central track to the platform above (Plate 34). The wall build here incorporates more regular squared sandstone blocks with a series of square drainage holes spaced evenly along the surface. The bricks steps leading to the upper platform have clearly been inserted at a later date, probably when the coal drop was added.
Northeast of the coal drop the retaining wall becomes quite different in form from that elsewhere. There is a concentration of large worked sandstone blocks which appear clearly to have come from an earlier building in the vicinity (Plate 35 and 36). The masonry blocks are worked with a rusticated face surrounded by a plain drafted border. They varying in size, the largest measuring 1.05 x 0.45m, and a number included circular indentations, presumably from when they were lifted for use in the present structure as the holes largely appear on the worked 'finished' side. One stone includes a rectangular Lewis hole and two others included a 'benchmark' carving, probably a mason's mark (Plate 37).
In addition to the worked masonry blocks, this section of wall is largely constructed of rectangular stone blocks which featured a central 'v' shaped groove (Plate 38). These stones have been obviously re-used but there original function is not known. Each has a width of 0.15m but vary considerably in length and the majority appeared to be broken off from something much larger.
The end of the retaining wall has been strengthened by masonry clearly added at a later date (possibly quite recently). This is very finely jointed and mortared unlike the stonework found elsewhere in the wall. The short return wall (east facing) behind the masonry façade was brick built and adjoined a 10m, south facing, brick extension wall set just behind the main retaining wall (Plate 39). The build used in this wall is very similar to that incorporated in Building (27) and is almost certainly contemporary.","043-062","Variable, poor in places."
Site Name
Blaydon Burn, retaining wall
Site Type: Specific
Revetment
HER Number
8424
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
Northern Archaeological Associates & Northern Counties Archaeological Services, 2005, Blaydon Burn, Gateshead - Archaeological Desk Based Assessment and Building Survey of Industrial Structures
SURVIVAL
40-59%
YEAR1
2006
English, British
Class
Water Supply and Drainage
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Fair
DAY1
10
District
Gateshead
Easting
417010
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ16SE
MATERIAL
Brick
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
562620
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
Early 20th Century 1901 to 1932
Place
Blaydon Burn
Description
First shown on 3rd edition OS revision of 1913-14, and probably associated with the Priestman Collieries takeover of Blaydon Burn Colliery in c.1900. It is possible that the reservoir supplied the water needed for quenching the coke burned in the ovens in the valley below, or served as a general supply for Blaydon Burn Colliery. The structure is mainly of un-marked, pressed red house brick, though some repairs have been carried out to wall head on the east side using "Cowen M" firebricks and the outlet taps are enclosed by walls of Lily brick. The reservoir is substantially intact, and at the southeast end two spur walls have been added later to enclose a pair of iron water outlet taps.
SITEASS
Small trees in base may cause damage.
Site Type: Broad
Water Storage Site
SITEDESC
First shown on 3rd edition OS revision of 1913-14, and probably associated with the Priestman Collieries takeover of Blaydon Burn Colliery in c.1900. It is possible that the reservoir supplied the water needed for quenching the coke burned in the ovens in the valley below, or served as a general supply for Blaydon Burn Colliery. The structure is mainly of un-marked, pressed red house brick, though some repairs have been carried out to wall head on the east side using "Cowen M" firebricks and the outlet taps are enclosed by walls of Lily brick. The reservoir is substantially intact, and at the southeast end two spur walls have been added later to enclose a pair of iron water outlet taps.
Site Name
Blaydon Burn, reservoir
Site Type: Specific
Reservoir
HER Number
8423
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
Northern Archaeological Associates & Northern Counties Archaeological Services, 2005, Blaydon Burn, Gateshead - Archaeological Desk Based Assessment and Building Survey of Industrial Structures
SURVIVAL
100%
YEAR1
2006
English, British
Class
Transport
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Fair
DAY1
10
District
Gateshead
Easting
417020
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ16SE
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
562630
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
Early 20th Century 1901 to 1932
Place
Blaydon Burn
Description
Steep spur off central waggonway leading from the coal screens (HER 8417) up to a large slag heap. Marked on the 3rd edition OS map (1914). The sides of the waggonway are revetted by a sandstone wall very similar to those found behind the coal screens (HER 8415 and 8416). In parts this has been replaced and re-enforced with extensive firebrick walling, presumably where the original bank has failed. At the base of the waggonway are a series of brick piers which must have held some form of pipework, possibly conveying water from the reservoir (HER 8423).
Site Type: Broad
Railway Transport Site
SITEDESC
Steep spur off central waggonway leading from the coal screens (HER 8417) up to a large slag heap. Marked on the 3rd edition OS map (1914). The sides of the waggonway are revetted by a sandstone wall very similar to those found behind the coal screens (HER 8415 and 8416). In parts this has been replaced and re-enforced with extensive firebrick walling, presumably where the original bank has failed. At the base of the waggonway are a series of brick piers which must have held some form of pipework, possibly conveying water from the reservoir (HER 8423).
Site Name
Blaydon Burn, wagonway spur
Site Type: Specific
Railway
HER Number
8422
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
Northern Archaeological Associates & Northern Counties Archaeological Services, 2005, Blaydon Burn, Gateshead - Archaeological Desk Based Assessment and Building Survey of Industrial Structures
SURVIVAL
40-59%
YEAR1
2006
English, British
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
10
District
Gateshead
Easting
416910
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ16SE
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
562360
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Hanoverian 1714 to 1837
Place
Blaydon Burn
Description
Boundary stone, one of two shown on the 1829 Enclosure map (DRO Q/D/E 24). The second stone lay 50m to the south-east, outside the study area. It is not clear what the stones were delineatinf, but they were probably related to division or enclosure of this part of the Burn Banks.
Site Type: Broad
Boundary
SITEDESC
Boundary stone, one of two shown on the 1829 Enclosure map (DRO Q/D/E 24). The second stone lay 50m to the south-east, outside the study area. It is not clear what the stones were delineating, but they were probably related to division or enclosure of this part of the Burn Banks.
Site Name
Blaydon Burn, boundary stone
Site Type: Specific
Boundary Stone
HER Number
8421
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
Northern Archaeological Associates & Northern Counties Archaeological Services, 2005, Blaydon Burn, Gateshead - Archaeological Desk Based Assessment and Building Survey of Industrial Structures
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
2006
English, British
Class
Water Supply and Drainage
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
DAY1
10
District
Gateshead
Easting
416770
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ16SE
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
562380
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Blaydon Burn
Description
Appears on the 1st to 4th editions OS (1858-1940). Possibly used for watering livestock - perhaps horses used for transporting grain to and from Greenwell Mill (HER 3557). It formed part of Greenwell Mill Farm.
Site Type: Broad
Water Storage Site
SITEDESC
Appears on the 1st to 4th editions OS (1858-1940). Possibly used for watering livestock - perhaps horses used for transporting grain to and from Greenwell Mill (HER 3557). It formed part of Greenwell Mill Farm.
Site Name
Blaydon Burn, Green Well
Site Type: Specific
Well
HER Number
8420
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
Northern Archaeological Associates & Northern Counties Archaeological Services, 2005, Blaydon Burn, Gateshead - Archaeological Desk Based Assessment and Building Survey of Industrial Structures
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
2006
English, British
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Good
DAY1
10
District
Gateshead
Easting
416670
EASTING2
1667
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ16SE
MATERIAL
Brick; Sandstone
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
562320
NORTHING2
6232
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
Early 20th Century 1901 to 1932
Place
Blaydon Burn
Description
A wall comprised of a combination of sandstone rubble and brick, retaining the western side of the valley bottom with numerous patchings and repairs visible. There is no evidence of this wall on the 1st or 2nd edition OS, but it is identifiable on the 3rd edition 1913-14. This formalisation of the bank probably took place c.1900, when Priestman collieries took over Blaydon Burn. The visible remains include a number of drainage holes and considerable amounts of re-used masonry including a sandstone block featuring the name "Carr".
Site Type: Broad
Barrier
SITEDESC
A wall comprised of a combination of sandstone rubble and brick, retaining the western side of the valley bottom with numerous patchings and repairs visible. There is no evidence of this wall on the 1st or 2nd edition OS, but it is identifiable on the 3rd edition 1913-14. This formalisation of the bank probably took place c.1900, when Priestman collieries took over Blaydon Burn. The visible remains include a number of drainage holes and considerable amounts of re-used masonry including a sandstone block featuring the name "Carr".
Site Name
Blaydon Burn, retaining wall
Site Type: Specific
Revetment
HER Number
8419
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
Northern Archaeological Associates & Northern Counties Archaeological Services, 2005, Blaydon Burn, Gateshead - Archaeological Desk Based Assessment and Building Survey of Industrial Structures
SURVIVAL
100%
YEAR1
2006
English, British
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Good
DAY1
10
District
Gateshead
Easting
416740
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ16SE
MATERIAL
Brick; Sandstone
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
562320
General Period
20TH CENTURY
Specific Period
20th Century 1901 to 2000
Place
Blaydon Burn
Description
Visible remains comprise a length of retaining wall built of sandstone and firebrick. At the western end is a section of shuttered concrete walling below a platform. This structure includes a number of squared recesses, possibly trackside refuges, and a set of steps to access the platform above from the wagonway. The top of the piers which extended out to form the recesses are set with four iron bolts, possibly associated with some form of lifting gear. This structure probably dated to the last period of colliery use.
SITEASS
Complete and in good condition
Site Type: Broad
Barrier
SITEDESC
Visible remains comprise a length of retaining wall built of sandstone and firebrick. At the western end is a section of shuttered concrete walling below a platform. This structure includes a number of squared recesses, possibly trackside refuges, and a set of steps to access the platform above from the wagonway. The top of the piers which extended out to form the recesses are set with four iron bolts, possibly associated with some form of lifting gear. This structure probably dated to the last period of colliery use.
Site Name
Blaydon Burn, concrete platform and retaining wall
Site Type: Specific
Revetment
HER Number
8418
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
Northern Archaeological Associates & Northern Counties Archaeological Services, 2005, Blaydon Burn, Gateshead - Archaeological Desk Based Assessment and Building Survey of Industrial Structures
SURVIVAL
100%
YEAR1
2006
English, British
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Good
DAY1
10
District
Gateshead
Easting
416730
EASTING2
1679
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ16SE
MATERIAL
Brick
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
562300
NORTHING2
6235
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Blaydon Burn
Description
Shown for the first time on the 2nd edition OS of 1896, and described by Bourn as being ‘lately erected by Cowen & Co. as part of Blaydon Burn Colliery (Bourn 153). The screens were greatly enlarged by 1919 [OS 3], probably a result of absorbtion of Blaydon Burn into Priestman Collieries c.1900, and survived until at least the 1950s. The site is called a coal/clay drop in HER 1649.

The 1940 OS map shows a building on the site (first recorded in 1896) and some of the structures which survive in this vicinity may relate to this, although a detailed match would require a more comprehensive metric survey. At the western end of the screens are a number of brick structures which form a series of 'rooms', along the back of which run a small brick tunnel adjacent to the rear retaining wall; this is brick lined and soot blackened (Plate 23). These structures were largely constructed of firebrick, with some later red housebrick incorporated in the upper courses, laid in English bond. The walls stood 2.5m high on top of which was a 0.20m thick concrete floor, re-enforced with iron rails. The brick structures were built against a sandstone retaining wall similar to (15) and (16)
SITEASS
Good condition, recently cleared
Site Type: Broad
Coal Mining Site
SITEDESC
Shown for the first time on the 2nd edition OS of 1896, and described by Bourn as being ‘lately erected by Cowen & Co. as part of Blaydon Burn Colliery (Bourn 153). The screens were greatly enlarged by 1919 [OS 3], probably a result of absorption of Blaydon Burn into Priestman Collieries c.1900, and survived until at least the 1950s. The site is called a coal/clay drop in HER 1649.

The 1940 OS map shows a building on the site (first recorded in 1896) and some of the structures which survive in this vicinity may relate to this, although a detailed match would require a more comprehensive metric survey. At the western end of the screens are a number of brick structures which form a series of 'rooms', along the back of which run a small brick tunnel adjacent to the rear retaining wall; this is brick lined and soot blackened (Plate 23). These structures were largely constructed of firebrick, with some later red housebrick incorporated in the upper courses, laid in English bond. The walls stood 2.5m high on top of which was a 0.20m thick concrete floor, re-enforced with iron rails. The brick structures were built against a sandstone retaining wall similar to (15) and (16)
Site Name
Blaydon Burn, coal screens
Site Type: Specific
Coal Screen
HER Number
8417
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
Northern Archaeological Associates & Northern Counties Archaeological Services, 2005, Blaydon Burn, Gateshead - Archaeological Desk Based Assessment and Building Survey of Industrial Structures
SURVIVAL
40-59%
YEAR1
2006
English, British
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Jennifer Morrison
CONDITION
Fair
DAY1
10
District
Gateshead
Easting
416750
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ16SE
MATERIAL
Rubble
MONTH1
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
562310
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Victorian 1837 to 1901
Place
Blaydon Burn
Description
Multiphase wall containing stone, brick and concrete build. First appears on the 2nd edition OS (1896) and continues to expand until 1950. Initally built to retain slag heaps behind the coal screens, probably during the construction of the adjacent wagonway, later replaced by the aerial cableway as the need to dispose of coal further afield increased.

The wall has been heightened and strengthened at various times but began as a well constructed sandstone structure (16a) built of roughly squared and coursed sandstone blocks held in a grey lime mortar and capped by rectangular dressed ashlar blocks (Plate 18). This runs along the entire length of the wall (approx 21m) and measures just over 2m high (dropping down to 1m at the eastern end) but has been extended at various stages (Plates 19 to 22). This first phase of construction probably dates to Priestman's expansion of the colliery in the early 20th century. The retaining wall, and that set behind (16e) are both almost certainly associated with the construction of waggon tracks shown on the 1914 OS map to convey coal away from the coal screens below.

Above this wall at the western end was a short section of yellow brick walling (16b), similar to that used in 15d and probably contemporary with this phase of build. Abutting this wall to the east is a large timber joist (Plate 18).

At the eastern end of the main structure the wall has been heightened and faced with concrete (16c) (Plate 20) and set with three iron girders (sawn off) which may have had some association with the incline (4) running between the coal screens and the upper terraces.

Adjacent to this was a phase of later modern brick walling (red house brick) (16d) probably a recent attempt to consolidate the wall at this point (Plate 19 and 20).

On the terrace behind wall (16) was another sandstone retaining wall of a similar build (16e). This runs for 12m and stands 2m high and may date to the same period as the first phase of wall construction (16a).

To the east of the former incline, the retaining wall continues, terminating at the base of the aerial cableway (Plate 13). The short section of wall behind the cableway appears on the 1896 OS map but not the northeast facing elevation. However, this area is shown as a mixture of banked slag heaps and quarries at this time which would have almost certainly warranted a retaining wall to protect the coal screens below. The lower section of this wall is constructed of roughly squared and coursed sandstone and may date to this phase (part of 16a). It includes a set of stone steps (Plates 21 and 22) now truncated by an addition 2.25m of caste concrete wall (16f) which runs from the former incline along the whole course of the wall to the base of the aerial cableway (over 50m).
SITEASS
Fairly good condition, some vegetation damage at the top
Site Type: Broad
Barrier
SITEDESC
Multiphase wall containing stone, brick and concrete build. First appears on the 2nd edition OS (1896) and continues to expand until 1950. Initially built to retain slag heaps behind the coal screens, probably during the construction of the adjacent wagonway, later replaced by the aerial cableway as the need to dispose of coal further afield increased. The wall has been heightened and strengthened at various times but began as a well constructed sandstone structure (16a) built of roughly squared and coursed sandstone blocks held in a grey lime mortar and capped by rectangular dressed ashlar blocks (Plate 18). This runs along the entire length of the wall (approx. 21m) and measures just over 2m high (dropping down to 1m at the eastern end) but has been extended at various stages (Plates 19 to 22). This first phase of construction probably dates to Priestman's expansion of the colliery in the early 20th century. The retaining wall, and that set behind (16e) are both almost certainly associated with the construction of waggon tracks shown on the 1914 OS map to convey coal away from the coal screens below. Above this wall at the western end was a short section of yellow brick walling (16b), similar to that used in 15d and probably contemporary with this phase of build. Abutting this wall to the east is a large timber joist (Plate 18).
At the eastern end of the main structure the wall has been heightened and faced with concrete (16c) (Plate 20) and set with three iron girders (sawn off) which may have had some association with the incline (4) running between the coal screens and the upper terraces.
Adjacent to this was a phase of later modern brick walling (red house brick) (16d) probably a recent attempt to consolidate the wall at this point (Plate 19 and 20).
On the terrace behind wall (16) was another sandstone retaining wall of a similar build (16e). This runs for 12m and stands 2m high and may date to the same period as the first phase of wall construction (16a).
To the east of the former incline, the retaining wall continues, terminating at the base of the aerial cableway (Plate 13). The short section of wall behind the cableway appears on the 1896 OS map but not the northeast facing elevation. However, this area is shown as a mixture of banked slag heaps and quarries at this time which would have almost certainly warranted a retaining wall to protect the coal screens below. The lower section of this wall is constructed of roughly squared and coursed sandstone and may date to this phase (part of 16a). It includes a set of stone steps (Plates 21 and 22) now truncated by an addition 2.25m of caste concrete wall (16f) which runs from the former incline along the whole course of the wall to the base of the aerial cableway (over 50m).
Site Name
Blaydon Burn, retaining walls
Site Type: Specific
Revetment
HER Number
8416
Form of Evidence
Structure
Sources
Northern Archaeological Associates & Northern Counties Archaeological Services, 2005, Blaydon Burn, Gateshead - Archaeological Desk Based Assessment and Building Survey of Industrial Structures
SURVIVAL
80-90%
YEAR1
2006